KK Andromedae, also known as HD 9531, is a variable star in the northern constellation of Andromeda. It has an apparent visual magnitude of 5.90,[3] which places it near the lower limit of visibility to the naked eye even under good viewing conditions. An Alpha2 Canum Venaticorum variable, it varies in brightness by 0.012 magnitude every 0.66 days.[11] Based upon an annual parallax shift of 7.5 mas[2] as seen from Earth, it is located around 437 light years from the Sun. At that distance, the brightness of the star is diminished by an extinction of 0.26 magnitude due to interstellar dust.[9]
| Observation data Epoch J2000 Equinox J2000 | |
|---|---|
| Constellation | Andromeda |
| Right ascension | 01h 34m 16.62220s[2] |
| Declination | +37° 14′ 13.8765″[2] |
| Apparent magnitude (V) | 5.90[3] |
| Characteristics | |
| Spectral type | B9 IV[4] |
| U−B color index | −0.3 |
| B−V color index | −0.067±0.001[3] |
| Variable type | α2 CVn |
| Astrometry | |
| Radial velocity (Rv) | −1.4±1.8[5] km/s |
| Proper motion (μ) | RA: +5.719[2] mas/yr Dec.: −21.238[2] mas/yr |
| Parallax (π) | 7.4585 ± 0.1156 mas[2] |
| Distance | 437 ± 7 ly (134 ± 2 pc) |
| Absolute magnitude (MV) | +0.35[6] |
| Details | |
| Mass | 3.07±0.06[7] M☉ |
| Radius | 2.7±0.4[6] R☉ |
| Luminosity | 91[6] L☉ |
| Surface gravity (log g) | 3.914±0.020[8] cgs |
| Temperature | 11,729±50[8] K |
| Rotation | 0.67 days[6] |
| Rotational velocity (v sin i) | 163±10[8] km/s |
| Age | 225[9] Myr |
| Other designations | |
| Database references | |
| SIMBAD | data |
Cowley et al. (1969) assigned this star a stellar classification of B9 IV,[4] which would indicate it is a B-type star in the subgiant stage that has exhausted the hydrogen supply at its core and is expanding. It is a catalogued as an Ap star that displays an abnormal silicon abundance,[12] but has been reported to actually be a helium-weak chemically peculiar star.[13] The star has just over three times the mass of the Sun[7] and about 2.7[6] times the Sun's radius. It is an estimated 225[9] million years old and is spinning rapidly with a projected rotational velocity of 163 km/s[8] and a rotation period of 16 hours.[6] KK And is radiating 91[6] times the Sun's luminosity from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 11,729 K.[8]
References
edit- ^ Hildebrandt, G (1975). "Lichtelektrische Untersuchungen der vier Ap-Sterne HD 9531, HD 10221 HD 27309 und HD 184905". Astronomische Nachrichten. 295 (6): 277–280. Bibcode:1975AN....296..277H. doi:10.1002/asna.19752960605.
- ^ a b c d e f Brown, A. G. A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (August 2018). "Gaia Data Release 2: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 616. A1. arXiv:1804.09365. Bibcode:2018A&A...616A...1G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201833051.
- ^ a b c Anderson, E.; Francis, Ch. (2012). "XHIP: An extended hipparcos compilation". Astronomy Letters. 38 (5): 331. arXiv:1108.4971. Bibcode:2012AstL...38..331A. doi:10.1134/S1063773712050015. S2CID 119257644.
- ^ a b Cowley, A.; et al. (April 1969), "A study of the bright A stars. I. A catalogue of spectral classifications", Astronomical Journal, 74: 375–406, Bibcode:1969AJ.....74..375C, doi:10.1086/110819.
- ^ Gontcharov, G. A. (November 2006), "Pulkovo Compilation of Radial Velocities for 35495 Hipparcos stars in a common system", Astronomy Letters, 32 (11): 759–771, arXiv:1606.08053, Bibcode:2006AstL...32..759G, doi:10.1134/S1063773706110065, S2CID 119231169.
- ^ a b c d e f g North, P. (June 1998), "Do SI stars undergo any rotational braking?", Astronomy and Astrophysics, 334: 181–187, arXiv:astro-ph/9802286, Bibcode:1998A&A...334..181N
- ^ a b Zorec, J.; Royer, F. (2012), "Rotational velocities of A-type stars. IV. Evolution of rotational velocities", Astronomy & Astrophysics, 537: A120, arXiv:1201.2052, Bibcode:2012A&A...537A.120Z, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201117691, S2CID 55586789, A120.
- ^ a b c d e Huang, Wenjin; et al. (2010), "A Stellar Rotation Census of B Stars: From Zams to Tams", The Astrophysical Journal, 722 (1): 605–619, arXiv:1008.1761, Bibcode:2010ApJ...722..605H, doi:10.1088/0004-637X/722/1/605, S2CID 118532653.
- ^ a b c Gontcharov, G. A. (November 2012), "Spatial distribution and kinematics of OB stars", Astronomy Letters, 38 (11): 694–706, arXiv:1606.09028, Bibcode:2012AstL...38..694G, doi:10.1134/S1063773712110035, S2CID 119108982.
- ^ "KK And". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved October 18, 2018.
- ^ Watson, Christopher (4 January 2010). "KK Andromedae". AAVSO Website. American Association of Variable Star Observers. Retrieved 1 November 2014.
- ^ Renson, P.; Manfroid, J. (2009), "Catalogue of Ap, HgMn and Am stars", Astronomy and Astrophysics, 498 (3): 961, Bibcode:2009A&A...498..961R, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/200810788.
- ^ Hric, Ladislav (July 1990), "The new helium-weak star HR 446", Astrophysics and Space Science, 169 (1–2): 177–181, Bibcode:1990Ap&SS.169..177H, doi:10.1007/BF00640707, S2CID 121899128.