Darrell Wallace Calker (February 18, 1905 – February 20, 1964) was an American composer and arranger who worked on films and animated cartoons.
Early life and education
editCalker was born in Washington, D.C. to Morris H. and Lugenia E. (Lily) Wallace of Philadelphia. He grew up with his younger sister Rena in the District of Columbia, where he attended Episcopal Cathedral School[1] and sang with a church choir in his teens.[2] He studied with Edgar Priest and David Pell, graduating from the Curtis Institute of Music in Philadelphia.
Career
editCalker's early work in Hollywood included orchestration for Victor Young. He was also active as the composer of scores for the Ballets Russes de Monte Carlo and Sadlers Wells Royal Ballet.[3] Among his compositions were the suites for orchestra, Golden Land and Penguin Island.[4]
After arriving in Los Angeles by the mid-1930s, Calker worked as a session musician, and composed songs including Strings Full of Swing and Dixieland Strut.[5] He formed his own band, which appeared on radio in the early 1940s.[6]
It was at this time Walter Lantz hired Calker to be his musical director in December 1940, replacing former Warner Bros. composer Frank Marsales. Calker was an uncredited composer (along with Michael Michelet and Clarence Wheeler) on Shirley Temple's teen star vehicle, Miss Annie Rooney (1942). His first cartoon was the Andy Panda short Mouse Trappers (Released in January 1941) and Calker composed the scores for all Walter Lantz Productions' cartoons until Drooler's Delight (1949) when the studio temporarily closed. Included were the Swing Symphony cartoons featuring musicians like Nat King Cole, Meade Lux Lewis, Jack Teagarden and Bob Zurke, whom Calker knew and convinced to work on the cartoons.[7] His classical music scores for The Poet and Peasant (1946) and Musical Moments from Chopin (1947) earned the studio Academy Award nominations for Best Musical Short and a Musical Courier Citation in 1947 for best cartoon score. Calker also scored animated shorts for Screen Gems (the cartoon division of Columbia Pictures) from 1946 until it closed in 1947.
Feature films
editCalker's first feature film was the independently made Dangerous Millions (1946). The musical supervisor was David Chudnow, who later took music that had been composed for films he worked on and released it as television stock music in the Mutel Library.[8] He also composed, with Del Porter, the Reddy Polka[9] in 1945, used in industrial films about Reddy Kilowatt, the cartoon spokesman for electrical power.
Calker spent the 1950s working on B movies for Eagle-Lion Films, such as Forbidden Jungle (1950), Allied Artists, such as From Hell It Came (1957) and American International Pictures, including Voodoo Woman (1957) and Beyond the Time Barrier and the independent production The Flying Saucer (1960). He also composed the scores for Rolling Home (1946), Albuquerque (1948), El Paso, and Superman and the Mole Men (1951), which functioned as a pilot for the 1950s television series.[10]
He returned to the Lantz studio in 1961 and scored twelve cartoons before his death, aged 59, in Los Angeles, California. He composed the themes to the Beary Family, Willoughby (both with Judy Zahler) and Homer Pigeon (with Porter) cartoons. His last picture was Rah Rah Ruckus (1964).
References
edit- ^ Music and Dance in California and the West, Richard Drake Sauners
- ^ Washington Post, December 24, 1915; November 1, 1921.
- ^ Hollywood Rhapsody: Movie Music and its Makers, 1900 to 1975, Gary Marmorstein.
- ^ Los Angeles Times, Dec. 29, 1940
- ^ Catalog of Copyright Entries, Library of Congress, 1939
- ^ Los Angeles Times, September 4, 1940
- ^ Of Mice and Magic, Leonard Maltin.
- ^ Performing Arts: Broadcasting, Paul Mandell, published by the Library of Congress.
- ^ Catalog of Copyright entries, Part 3 Library of Congress, 1945
- ^ Keep Watching The Skies!: American Science Fiction Movies of the Fifties, Bill Warren.