The Convair Model 118 ConvAirCar (also known as the Hall Flying Automobile) was a prototype flying car of which two were built. Intended for mainstream consumers, two prototypes were built and flown. The first prototype was lost in an accident due to fuel exhaustion. Subsequently, the second prototype was rebuilt from the damaged aircraft and flown. By that time, little enthusiasm remained for the project and the program ended shortly thereafter.[1]
| Model 118 ConVairCar | |
|---|---|
| |
| Company photograph taken over San Diego, California, USA, November 1947 | |
| Role | Flying car |
| National origin | United States of America |
| Manufacturer | Convair |
| Designer | Ted Hall |
| First flight | November 1, 1947 (Model 116: 1946) |
| Number built | 2 |
| Developed from | Convair Model 116 |
Design and development
editConsolidated Vultee Aircraft (later Convair) was seeking entry into the post-war aviation boom with a mainstream flying car. Theodore P. "Ted" Hall had studied the concept of a flying car before World War II, with Consolidated unsuccessfully proposing the idea for use in commando-type raids. Following the end of the war, Hall and Tommy Thompson designed and developed the Convair Model 116 Flying Car, featured in Popular Mechanics magazine in 1946,[2] which consisted of a two-seat car body, powered by a rear-mounted 26 hp (19 kW) engine, with detachable monoplane wings and tail, fitted with their own tractor configuration 90 hp (67 kW) Franklin 4A4 engine driving a two-bladed wooden propeller. This flew on July 12, 1946, completing 66 test flights.[3]
Hall subsequently designed a more sophisticated development of the Model 116, with a more refined car body and a more powerful "flight" engine. A 25 hp (19 kW) Crosley engine was in the rear, powering the plastic-bodied four-seat car and a 190 hp (142 kW) Lycoming O-435C was used for the powerplant of the aircraft. A lofty production target of 160,000 was planned, with a projected $1,500 price tag. Convair anticipated that the Model 118 would be purchased in large numbers to be rented at airports.[4]
Operational history
editTest pilot Reuben Snodgrass flew the prototype, registration No. NX90850, for the first time on November 15, 1947. On November 18, 1947, while on a one-hour demonstration flight, it made a low fuel forced landing near San Diego, California, destroying the car body[5] and damaging the wing. The pilot, who escaped with minor injuries, reportedly took off with little or no aviation fuel aboard. Although the fuel gauge he had visually checked during the pre-flight check indicated that the tank was full, it was the automobile's fuel gauge, not the aircraft's gauge.[6] Using the same wing and another car body, the second prototype flew again on January 29, 1948, piloted by W.G. Griswold, but enthusiasm for the project waned and Convair cancelled the program.[7] The rights reverted to Hall, who formed T.R Hall Engineering Corp., but the Model 118 in its new incarnation never achieved production status.[5]
Specifications (Model 118)
editData from General Dynamics Aircraft and their Predecessors[5]
General characteristics
- Crew: one
- Capacity: three passengers
- Wingspan: 34 ft 5 in (10.49 m)
- Height: 8 ft 4 in (2.54 m)
- Empty weight: 1,524 lb (691 kg)
- Gross weight: 2,550 lb (1,157 kg)
- Powerplant: 1 × Lycoming O-435C air-cooled flat-six, 190 hp (140 kW)
- Powerplant: 1 × Crosley air-cooled, 25 hp (19 kW) (powered the car body)
Performance
- Cruise speed: 125 mph (201 km/h, 109 kn) [1]
References
editNotes
edit- ^ a b Yenne 1993, p. 117.
- ^ "Drive Right Up", April 1946, Popular Science Ted Hall's original concept "roadable" airplane which was the starting point for the Model 116
- ^ Wegg 1990, p. 184.
- ^ "Aerocar." fiddlersgreen.net. Retrieved: May 23, 2010.
- ^ a b c Wegg 1990, pp. 186–187.
- ^ "Flying Auto Crashes; Lands in California Mud Flats – Pilot Is Only Bruised. The New York Times, November 19, 1947.
- ^ "No. 2722. Convair 118 ConvairCar (NX90850)." Johan Visschedijk Collection, June 18, 2003. Retrieved: May 23, 2010.
Bibliography
edit- Wegg, John. General Dynamics Aircraft and their Predecessors. London: Putnam, 1990. ISBN 0-85177-833-X.
- Yenne, Bill. The World's Worst Aircraft. New York: Dorset Press, 1993. ISBN 0-88029-490-6.