Nguyễn Tri Phương (chữ Hán: 阮知方, 1800 – 1873), born Nguyễn Văn Chương, was a Nguyễn dynasty mandarin and military commander. He commanded armies against the French conquest of Vietnam at the Siege of Tourane, the Siege of Saigon and the Battle of Hanoi (1873).
Nguyễn Tri Phương | |
|---|---|
 Nguyễn Tri Phương statue in Đà Nẵng | |
| Born | 1800 Thừa Thiên fu |
| Died | 1873 (aged 72–73) Hà Nội province |
| Children | Nguyễn Lâm |
Early years
editNguyễn Tri Phương was born in 1800 in Ðường Long village, Chánh Lộc canton, Phong Ðiền district, Thừa Thiên fu, now is Chí Long village, Phong Chương commune, Phong Ðiền district, Thừa Thiên Huế.[1]
Born in a peasant family, Nguyễn did not go to school, but with intelligence, high self-study and self-reliance, he made a great career. Starting from an official at the district level, due to his talent, he was promoted to the court, was recruited and in turn held many important positions during the three reigns of Minh Mạng, Thiệu Trị, and Tự Đức.[2]
Phương had risen quickly in military ranks after recapturing Hà Tiên and defeating the Siamese army at Châu Đốc. He succeeded Trương Minh Giảng in 1841 as viceroy of King Thiệu Trị (reigned 1841–1847) in Southern Cochinchina.[3] He then became a senior advisor to the next King Tự Đức (reigned 1847–83).
Battle of Hanoi (1873)
editHe was wounded and captured by the French in Battle of Hanoi (1873). He refused to be treated by French and began a hunger strike, dying shortly afterwards.[4] His ceremonial dress was taken as a trophy by Francis Garnier.[5][page needed]
Legacy and memory
editHe was venerated alongside Hoàng Diệu by the Vietnamese people as loyal subjects who sacrificed themselves for Vietnam. Many cities and streets in Vietnam were named after him.
References
edit- ^ "Famous general Nguyễn Tri Phuơng". sknc.qdnd.vn. Retrieved 11 March 2022.
- ^ "Nguyễn Tri Phương (1800 - 1873)". danang.gov.vn. Retrieved 2 April 2022.
- ^ Jacob Ramsay Mandarins and Martyrs: The Church and the Nguyen Dynasty in Early ... 2008- Page 109 "After being taken to Vĩnh Long, the apostolic vicar was presented before the “grand mandarin,” whom I believe was the acting provincial governor- general, and later accomplished general, Nguyễn Tri Phương.70 Léfèbvre diligently recorded a ."
- ^ "Nguyen Tri Phuong | Vietnamese leader, military strategist, reformer | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 2023-07-15.
- ^ Phan, Trần Chúc (2015). Nguyen Tri Phuong (in Vietnamese). Nha xuat ban hong duc.