tud
Breton
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Brythonic *tʉd, from Proto-Celtic *toutā, from Proto-Indo-European *tewtéh₂.
Pronunciation
editNoun
edittud m
Danish
editPronunciation
editEtymology 1
editFrom Middle High German tūte (“thing shaped like a horn”), tōte (“jug with a spout”), from Old High German thioza, from Proto-West Germanic *þeutā (“pipe”) with an irregular (onomatopoeic?) treatment of the initial consonant.
Compare also Dutch tuit (“spout”), German Tüte (“bag”), and (a younger loan from Low German) Danish tut. The Germanic noun is derived from the verb *þeutaną, which shows the same development of the initial consonant in Middle Low German tūten (hence German tuten) and Dutch tuiten, toeten (hence English toot).
Noun
edittud c (singular definite tuden, plural indefinite tude)
Declension
editReferences
edit- “tud” in Den Danske Ordbog
Etymology 2
editFrom the verb tude.
Noun
edittud n (singular definite tudet, plural indefinite tud)
Declension
editEtymology 3
editSee the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Verb
edittud
- imperative of tude
Hungarian
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Uralic *tumte-. Cognate with Finnish tuntea and Estonian tundma.
Pronunciation
editVerb
edittud
- (transitive) to know (to be aware of some information)
- Synonym: tisztában van
- Tudom, hol van. ― I know where it is.
- (auxiliary with a verb in the infinitive) can, to be able, know how to
- Synonym: (adjective) képes
- Tudok vezetni. ― I know how to drive.
- (transitive, colloquial) to know (to be acquainted or familiar with)
- Synonym: ismer
- Tudok valakit, aki segíthet. ― I know someone who could help.
Usage notes
edit- Similarly to French, German, and Spanish etc., Hungarian distinguishes two senses of ’to know’, being aware or certain of some information (this verb) and being acquainted or familiar with someone or something (see ismer). See also usage notes at the German verb kennen describing the same difference and translations of to know for related terms in other languages.
- To express can in the sense of being permitted, allowed, or enabled to (indicating permission), see -hat/-het.
Conjugation
editClick for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | tudok | tudsz | tud | tudunk | tudtok | tudnak | |
Def. | tudom | tudod | tudja | tudjuk | tudjátok | tudják | |||
2nd-p. o. | tudlak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | tudtam | tudtál | tudott | tudtunk | tudtatok | tudtak | ||
Def. | tudtam | tudtad | tudta | tudtuk | tudtátok | tudták | |||
2nd-p. o. | tudtalak | ― | |||||||
Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. tudni fog. | ||||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | tudék | tudál | tuda | tudánk | tudátok | tudának | ||
Def. | tudám | tudád | tudá | tudánk | tudátok | tudák | |||
2nd-p. o. | tudálak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. tud vala, tudott vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | tudandok | tudandasz | tudand | tudandunk | tudandotok | tudandanak | ||
Def. | tudandom | tudandod | tudandja | tudandjuk | tudandjátok | tudandják | |||
2nd-p. o. | tudandalak | ― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | tudnék | tudnál | tudna | tudnánk | tudnátok | tudnának | |
Def. | tudnám | tudnád | tudná | tudnánk (or tudnók) |
tudnátok | tudnák | |||
2nd-p. o. | tudnálak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. tudott volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | tudjak | tudj or tudjál |
tudjon | tudjunk | tudjatok | tudjanak | |
Def. | tudjam | tudd or tudjad |
tudja | tudjuk | tudjátok | tudják | |||
2nd-p. o. | tudjalak | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. tudott légyen | ||||||||
Infinitive | tudni | tudnom | tudnod | tudnia | tudnunk | tudnotok | tudniuk | ||
Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
tudás | tudó | tudott | tudandó | tudva (tudván) | |||||
The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular (and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs). | |||||||||
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | tudhatok | tudhatsz | tudhat | tudhatunk | tudhattok | tudhatnak | |
Def. | tudhatom | tudhatod | tudhatja | tudhatjuk | tudhatjátok | tudhatják | |||
2nd-p. o. | tudhatlak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | tudhattam | tudhattál | tudhatott | tudhattunk | tudhattatok | tudhattak | ||
Def. | tudhattam | tudhattad | tudhatta | tudhattuk | tudhattátok | tudhatták | |||
2nd-p. o. | tudhattalak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | tudhaték | tudhatál | tudhata | tudhatánk | tudhatátok | tudhatának | ||
Def. | tudhatám | tudhatád | tudhatá | tudhatánk | tudhatátok | tudhaták | |||
2nd-p. o. | tudhatálak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. tudhat vala, tudhatott vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | tudhatandok or tudandhatok |
tudhatandasz or tudandhatsz |
tudhatand or tudandhat |
tudhatandunk or tudandhatunk |
tudhatandotok or tudandhattok |
tudhatandanak or tudandhatnak | ||
Def. | tudhatandom or tudandhatom |
tudhatandod or tudandhatod |
tudhatandja or tudandhatja |
tudhatandjuk or tudandhatjuk |
tudhatandjátok or tudandhatjátok |
tudhatandják or tudandhatják | |||
2nd-p. o. | tudhatandalak or tudandhatlak |
― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | tudhatnék | tudhatnál | tudhatna | tudhatnánk | tudhatnátok | tudhatnának | |
Def. | tudhatnám | tudhatnád | tudhatná | tudhatnánk (or tudhatnók) |
tudhatnátok | tudhatnák | |||
2nd-p. o. | tudhatnálak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. tudhatott volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | tudhassak | tudhass or tudhassál |
tudhasson | tudhassunk | tudhassatok | tudhassanak | |
Def. | tudhassam | tudhasd or tudhassad |
tudhassa | tudhassuk | tudhassátok | tudhassák | |||
2nd-p. o. | tudhassalak | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. tudhatott légyen | ||||||||
Inf. | (tudhatni) | (tudhatnom) | (tudhatnod) | (tudhatnia) | (tudhatnunk) | (tudhatnotok) | (tudhatniuk) | ||
Positive adjective | tudható | Neg. adj. | tudhatatlan | Adv. part. | (tudhatva / tudhatván) | ||||
Derived terms
edit(With verbal prefixes):
See also
editFurther reading
edit- tud in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
Kapampangan
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tuhud, from Proto-Austronesian *tuduS.
Pronunciation
editNoun
edittud
Sumerian
editRomanization
edittud
- Romanization of 𒌅 (tud)
Tutong
editAlternative forms
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tuhud, from Proto-Austronesian *tuduS.
Pronunciation
editNoun
edittud
Welsh
editEtymology
editFrom Middle Welsh tut, from Proto-Brythonic *tʉd, from Proto-Celtic *toutā, from Proto-Indo-European *tewtéh₂.
Pronunciation
edit- (North Wales) IPA(key): /tɨːd/
- (South Wales) IPA(key): /tiːd/
- Rhymes: -ɨːd
Noun
edittud f (plural tudau)
Derived terms
edit- alltud (“deportee; foreigner”)
Mutation
editYogad
editNoun
edittud
- Breton terms inherited from Proto-Brythonic
- Breton terms derived from Proto-Brythonic
- Breton terms inherited from Proto-Celtic
- Breton terms derived from Proto-Celtic
- Breton terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Breton terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Breton terms with IPA pronunciation
- Breton lemmas
- Breton nouns
- Breton masculine nouns
- Danish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Danish/uːˀð
- Rhymes:Danish/uːˀð/1 syllable
- Danish terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Danish terms derived from Middle High German
- Danish terms derived from Old High German
- Danish terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Danish onomatopoeias
- Danish lemmas
- Danish nouns
- Danish common-gender nouns
- Danish neuter nouns
- Danish non-lemma forms
- Danish verb forms
- Hungarian terms inherited from Proto-Uralic
- Hungarian terms derived from Proto-Uralic
- Hungarian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hungarian terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:Hungarian/ud
- Rhymes:Hungarian/ud/1 syllable
- Hungarian lemmas
- Hungarian verbs
- Hungarian transitive verbs
- Hungarian terms with usage examples
- Hungarian auxiliary verbs
- Hungarian colloquialisms
- Hungarian three-letter words
- Kapampangan terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Kapampangan terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Kapampangan terms inherited from Proto-Austronesian
- Kapampangan terms derived from Proto-Austronesian
- Kapampangan terms with IPA pronunciation
- Kapampangan lemmas
- Kapampangan nouns
- pam:Anatomy
- Sumerian non-lemma forms
- Sumerian romanizations
- Tutong terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Tutong terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Tutong terms inherited from Proto-Austronesian
- Tutong terms derived from Proto-Austronesian
- Tutong terms with IPA pronunciation
- Tutong lemmas
- Tutong nouns
- ttg:Anatomy
- Welsh terms inherited from Middle Welsh
- Welsh terms derived from Middle Welsh
- Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Brythonic
- Welsh terms derived from Proto-Brythonic
- Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Celtic
- Welsh terms derived from Proto-Celtic
- Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Welsh terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Welsh terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Welsh/ɨːd
- Rhymes:Welsh/ɨːd/1 syllable
- Welsh lemmas
- Welsh nouns
- Welsh countable nouns
- Welsh feminine nouns
- Yogad lemmas
- Yogad nouns
- yog:Anatomy