rhoi

Welsh

Earlier rhoddi, from a conflation of two separate stems:

Middle Welsh roi (“to give”), from Proto-Brythonic *rroɣid (compare Cornish ry (“to give”), Breton reiñ (“to give”)), from Proto-Celtic *rogīti (“to extend forward”) (compare Old Irish rogaid (“to extend”)), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃roǵéyeti (“to straighten”)
Middle Welsh rodi (“to give”),^[1] from Proto-Brythonic *rrodid (deuterotonic), *rröð (prototonic); from Proto-Celtic *ɸro-dīti (“to put forward”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰédʰeh₁ti (“to put”)^[2]

rhoi (first-person singular present rhof or rhoddaf)

to give
Mae Siân yn rhoi siocled i Siôn eleni.
Siân is giving Siôn chocolate this year.
to put, to place
Rhoddodd hi’r pethau ar y bwrdd.
She put the things on the table.

Synonym: dodi

Conjugation (literary)

	singular			plural			impersonal
	first	second	third	first	second	third	impersonal
present indicative/future	rhof, rhoddaf	rhoi, rhoddi	rhy, rhydd, dyry	rhown, rhoddwn	rhowch, rhoddwch	rhônt, rhont, rhoddant	rhoir, rhoddir
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/conditional	rhown, rhoddwn	rhoit, rhoddit	rhôi, rhoddai	rhoem, rhoddem	rhoech, rhoddech	rhoent, rhoddent	rhoid, rhoddid
preterite	rhois, rhoddais	rhoist, rhoddaist	rhoes, rhodd, rhoddodd, rhoddes (obsolete)	rhoesom, rhoddasom	rhoesoch, rhoddasoch	rhoesant, rhoddasant	rhoed, rhowd, rhoddwyd, rhodded
pluperfect	rhoeswn, rhoddaswn	rhoesit, rhoddasit	rhoesai, rhoddasai	rhoesem, rhoddasem	rhoesech, rhoddasech	rhoesent, rhoddasent	rhoesid, rhoddesid
present subjunctive	rhowyf, rhoddwyf	rhoech, rhoddych, rhoddech	rho, rhoddo, rhotho	rhôm, rhoddom	rhoch, rhoddoch	rhônt, rhoddont	rhoer, rhodder
imperative	—	rho, dyro	rhoed, rhodded	rhown, rhoddwn	rhowch, rhoddwch	rhoent, rhoddent	rhoer, rhodder
verbal noun	rhoi
verbal adjectives	rhoddedig rhoddadwy

Conjugation (colloquial)

Inflected colloquial forms	singular			plural
Inflected colloquial forms	first	second	third	first	second	third
future	rhodda i, rhoddaf i	rhoddi di	rhoddith o/e/hi, rhoddiff e/hi	rhoddwn ni	rhoddwch chi	rhoddan nhw
conditional	rhoddwn i, rhoddswn i	rhoddet ti, rhoddset ti	rhoddai fo/fe/hi, rhoddsai fo/fe/hi	rhodden ni, rhoddsen ni	rhoddech chi, rhoddsech chi	rhodden nhw, rhoddsen nhw
preterite	rhoddais i, rhoddes i	rhoddaist ti, rhoddest ti	rhoddodd o/e/hi	rhoddon ni	rhoddoch chi	rhoddon nhw
imperative	—	rho, rhodda	—	—	rhoddwch	—
Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh.

rhoi'r gorau (“to give up”)
rhoi'r ffidil yn y to (“to give up”, literally “to put the fiddle in the roof”)
rhoi i lawr (“to lay down”)
rhoi llaw ar yr aradr (“to put one's hand to the plough, to begin an undertaking”)

Mutated forms of *rhoi*
radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
rhoi	roi	unchanged	unchanged

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

^ R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “rhoddaf, rhof: rhoddi, rhoi”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
^ Schumacher, Stefan, Schulze-Thulin, Britta (2004) Die keltischen Primärverben: ein vergleichendes, etymologisches und morphologisches Lexikon (Innsbrucker Beiträge zur Sprachwissenschaft; 110) (in German), Innsbruck: Institut für Sprachen und Literaturen der Universität Innsbruck, →ISBN, page 280