soleo

See also: soleó

Esperanto

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /soˈleo/
• Hyphenation: so‧le‧o

Noun

soleo (accusative singular soleon, plural soleoj, accusative plural soleojn)

1. sole (flatfish)

Ido

Noun

soleo (plural solei)

1. sole (flatfish)

Latin

Etymology

PIE word
*swé

Uncertain.

• Based on semantic similarity to suēscō (“to become used to”) and sodālis (“close companion”), Walde-Hoffmann (1954) and Pokorny (1959) opt for *sodeō, from Proto-Italic *sweðēō, from earlier *sweðējō, from Proto-Indo-European *swé-dʰh₁-eh₂-, from Proto-Indo-European *swe-dʰh₁- expanded through the reflexive pronoun Proto-Indo-European *swé (“self”) + *dʰeh₁- (“to put, place, set”), thus the original sense to "set as one's own", as in the later formed suificō.
• De Vaan (2008) rejects this etymology on the grounds that a following front vowel ē should have blocked the *swe- > so- shift. Instead he derives it from Proto-Indo-European *sel- (“place, habitation”), via the iterative *sol-eye- "to occupy habitually, inhabit" or directly from Latin solum (“base, ground; country”) - cf. the similar semantic relationship between habitō and habitus.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈso.le.oː/, [ˈs̠ɔɫ̪eoː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈso.le.o/, [ˈsɔːleo]

Verb

soleō (present infinitive solēre, perfect active soluī or solitus sum, supine solitum); second conjugation, optionally semi-deponent, no imperative, no future

1. to be accustomed, used to, in the habit of

   Synonyms: assoleō, adsuēscō, assuēfaciō, cōnsuēscō, cōnsuēfaciō

Conjugation

• Unlike most semi-deponent verbs, soleō has no future tense.

Conjugation of soleō (second conjugation, optionally semi-deponent, no imperatives, no future)
indicative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	soleō	solēs	solet	solēmus	solētis	solent
	imperfect	solēbam	solēbās	solēbat	solēbāmus	solēbātis	solēbant
	perfect	soluī, solitus sum	soluistī, solitus es	soluit, solitus est	soluimus, solitī sumus	soluistis, solitī estis	soluērunt, soluēre, solitī sunt
	pluperfect	solueram, solitus eram	soluerās, solitus erās	soluerat, solitus erat	soluerāmus, solitī erāmus	soluerātis, solitī erātis	soluerant, solitī erant
subjunctive		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	soleam	soleās	soleat	soleāmus	soleātis	soleant
	imperfect	solērem	solērēs	solēret	solērēmus	solērētis	solērent
	perfect	soluerim, solitus sim	soluerīs, solitus sīs	soluerit, solitus sit	soluerīmus, solitī sīmus	soluerītis, solitī sītis	soluerint, solitī sint
	pluperfect	soluissem, solitus essem	soluissēs, solitus essēs	soluisset, solitus esset	soluissēmus, solitī essēmus	soluissētis, solitī essētis	soluissent, solitī essent
non-finite forms		active			passive
		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		solēre	solitum esse	—	—	—	—
participles		solēns	solitus	—	—	—	—
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		genitive	dative	accusative	ablative	accusative	ablative
		solendī	solendō	solendum	solendō	solitum	solitū

Derived terms

• assoleō
• solitāneus
• solitō
• solitum
• īnsolitus
• īnsolēns

Descendants

• Asturian: soler
• Catalan: soler
• Franco-Provençal: solêr
• Italian: solere
• Norman: souleî
• Occitan: sòler
• Old French: soloir
  • Middle French: souloir
    • French: souloir (obsolete)
• Old Galician-Portuguese: soer
  • Galician: soer
  • Portuguese: soer
• Spanish: soler

References

• De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “soleō, solum”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 571-2
• Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), Bern, München: Francke Verlag
• Walde, Alois, Hofmann, Johann Baptist (1938–1954) “soleo”, in Lateinisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), 3rd edition, Heidelberg: Carl Winter

Further reading

• “soleo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “soleo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• soleo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • the usual subjects taught to boys: doctrinae, quibus aetas puerilis impertiri solet (Nep. Att. 1. 2)
    
  • the usual subjects taught to boys: artes, quibus aetas puerilis ad humanitatem informari solet
    
  • as usually happens: ut solet, ut fieri solet
    

Spanish

Verb

soleo

1. first-person singular present indicative of solear