hundir

Spanish

Etymology

Inherited from Latin fundere, fundō, from Proto-Italic *hundō, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰewd-. Doublet of fundir (“to cast, to melt”). Compare English found (“to cast metal”), founder (“to sink”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /unˈdiɾ/ [ũn̪ˈd̪iɾ]

• Audio (Peru):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -iɾ
• Syllabification: hun‧dir

Verb

hundir (first-person singular present hundo, first-person singular preterite hundí, past participle hundido)

1. (transitive) to sink, engulf
2. (transitive) to ruin, destroy
3. (reflexive) to sink, sink down
4. (reflexive) to collapse, cave in, subside
5. (reflexive) to break down, go to pieces, fall apart

Conjugation

    Conjugation of hundir (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			hundir
gerund			hundiendo
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		hundido		hundida
		plural		hundidos		hundidas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	hundo	hundestú hundísvos	hunde	hundimos	hundís	hunden
	imperfect	hundía	hundías	hundía	hundíamos	hundíais	hundían
	preterite	hundí	hundiste	hundió	hundimos	hundisteis	hundieron
	future	hundiré	hundirás	hundirá	hundiremos	hundiréis	hundirán
	conditional	hundiría	hundirías	hundiría	hundiríamos	hundiríais	hundirían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	hunda	hundastú hundásvos2	hunda	hundamos	hundáis	hundan
	imperfect (ra)	hundiera	hundieras	hundiera	hundiéramos	hundierais	hundieran
	imperfect (se)	hundiese	hundieses	hundiese	hundiésemos	hundieseis	hundiesen
	future1	hundiere	hundieres	hundiere	hundiéremos	hundiereis	hundieren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		hundetú hundívos	hunda	hundamos	hundid	hundan
	negative		no hundas	no hunda	no hundamos	no hundáis	no hundan

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of hundir

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive hundir
	dative	hundirme	hundirte	hundirle, hundirse	hundirnos	hundiros	hundirles, hundirse
	accusative	hundirme	hundirte	hundirlo, hundirla, hundirse	hundirnos	hundiros	hundirlos, hundirlas, hundirse
with gerund hundiendo
	dative	hundiéndome	hundiéndote	hundiéndole, hundiéndose	hundiéndonos	hundiéndoos	hundiéndoles, hundiéndose
	accusative	hundiéndome	hundiéndote	hundiéndolo, hundiéndola, hundiéndose	hundiéndonos	hundiéndoos	hundiéndolos, hundiéndolas, hundiéndose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative hunde
	dative	húndeme	húndete	húndele	húndenos	not used	húndeles
	accusative	húndeme	húndete	húndelo, húndela	húndenos	not used	húndelos, húndelas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative hundí
	dative	hundime	hundite	hundile	hundinos	not used	hundiles
	accusative	hundime	hundite	hundilo, hundila	hundinos	not used	hundilos, hundilas
with formal second-person singular imperative hunda
	dative	húndame	not used	húndale, húndase	húndanos	not used	húndales
	accusative	húndame	not used	húndalo, húndala, húndase	húndanos	not used	húndalos, húndalas
with first-person plural imperative hundamos
	dative	not used	hundámoste	hundámosle	hundámonos	hundámoos	hundámosles
	accusative	not used	hundámoste	hundámoslo, hundámosla	hundámonos	hundámoos	hundámoslos, hundámoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative hundid
	dative	hundidme	not used	hundidle	hundidnos	hundíos	hundidles
	accusative	hundidme	not used	hundidlo, hundidla	hundidnos	hundíos	hundidlos, hundidlas
with formal second-person plural imperative hundan
	dative	húndanme	not used	húndanle	húndannos	not used	húndanles, húndanse
	accusative	húndanme	not used	húndanlo, húndanla	húndannos	not used	húndanlos, húndanlas, húndanse

Derived terms

• hundible
• hundimiento
• hundirse el mundo

 

Further reading

• “hundir”, in Diccionario de la lengua española (in Spanish), online version 23.7, Royal Spanish Academy, 2023 November 28