-ina

See also: Appendix:Variations of "ina"

Translingual

Suffix

-ina

1. (taxonomy) Used to form names of subtribes of animals
2. (taxonomy) Used to form names of suborders of animals
3. (taxonomy) Used to form names of taxa subordinate to the higher rank from which they are derived
4. (taxonomy) Used to form names of genera from other genera indicating a smaller size of organism

Derived terms

Translingual terms suffixed with -ina

English

Suffix

-ina

1. Alternative form of -ine (forming feminine nouns).
   • 1915 May, Wilhelm Boelsche, translated by Rheamars Dredenov, “The Love Adventures of the Spider”, in Charles H[ope] Kerr, editor, The International Socialist Review, volume XV, number 11, Chicago, Ill.: Charles H. Kerr & Company, page 659, column 2:

     Here are the male spider and the female spider (which shall be named “spiderina” in this article), both of the species of the garden spider. The former is only two-thirds of the size of Miss Spiderina.

   • 2015, Jim Benton, “Thursday 12”, in Live Each Day to the Dumbest (Dear Dumb Diary: Year Two), New York, N.Y.: Scholastic Inc., →ISBN:

     I HAVE PROBABLY INVENTED THE PROFESSION OF LAWYERINA

   • 2017, Fuse, translated by Kevin Gifford, That Time I Got Reincarnated as a Slime‎^[1], volume 1, New York, N.Y.: Yen Press, LLC, →ISBN:

     Gobta and his attackers turned around to find a goblina staring them down—a fighter, judging by her muddy red hair. […] Hobgoblins of either gender were high-level creatures capable of language, far more intelligent than their goblin relatives.

Derived terms

English terms suffixed with -ina

Asturian

Suffix

-ina f

1. -y (forming diminutives of feminine nouns)

Related terms

• -ín

Catalan

Etymology 1

Suffix

-ina f

1. feminine singular of -í

Suffix

-ina f (noun-forming suffix, plural -ines)

1. forms diminutives

   ‎joc m (“game”) + ‎-ina → ‎joguina f (“toy”)

   ‎mantell m (“cloak”) + ‎-ina → ‎mantellina f (“mantilla”)

2. forms names of plants, animals, tools, and other nouns related to a base noun or verb

   ‎taronja (“orange”) + ‎-ina → ‎taronjina (“orange blossom”)

   ‎sang (“blood”) + ‎-ina → ‎sanguina (“blood orange”)

   ‎moltó (“wether (castrated ram)”) + ‎-ina → ‎moltonina (“sheepskin”)

   ‎escopir (“to spit”) + ‎-ina → ‎escopina (“spit, saliva”)

Derived terms

Catalan terms suffixed with -ina

Etymology 2

Suffix

-ina f (noun-forming suffix, plural -ines)

1. -ine (used to form names of chemical substances)

Derived terms

Catalan terms suffixed with -ina

Further reading

• “-ina”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
• “-ina” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.

Czech

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ina.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ ɪna]
• Rhymes: -ɪna

Suffix

-ina f (noun-forming suffix)

1. noun forming suffix

   ‎pustý + ‎-ina → ‎pustina

   ‎list + ‎-ina → ‎listina

   ‎kráva + ‎-ina → ‎kravina

Derived terms

Czech terms suffixed with -ina

Further reading

• Substantiva tvořená příponou -ina, Naše řeč (1938)
• -ina in Slovník afixů užívaných v češtině, 2017

Finnish

Suffix

-ina (front vowel harmony variant -inä, linguistic notation -inA)

1. Alternative form of -na (suffix deriving nouns from verbs)

Indonesian

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish -ina.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈina/

Suffix

-ina

1. used to form some female names

   ‎Devi + ‎-ina → ‎Devina

   ‎Karen + ‎-ina → ‎Karenina

Notes

Some names already have this ending and do not derived with this suffix, for example Safina (from Arabic سَفِينة (safīna, “ship”)) or Sabrina (from Arabic صَابْرِينَا (ṣābrīnā), ultimately from English).

Interlingua

Etymology

Borrowed from English -ine, French -ine, Italian -ina, Portuguese -ina/Spanish -ina, all ultimately from Latin -īna.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈina/

Suffix

-ina

1. (chemistry) forms nouns from nouns, denoting a technical term for a substance; container

   ‎caseo (“cheese”) + ‎-ina → ‎caseina (“caseine”)

   ‎globulo (“globule”) + ‎-ina → ‎globulino (“globuline”)

   ‎vacca (“cow”) + ‎-ina → ‎vaccina (“vaccine”)

Derived terms

Category Interlingua terms suffixed with -ina not found

References

• Alexander Gode, Hugh E. Blair (1955) Interlingua: A Grammar of the International Language, →ISBN

Italian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈi.na/
• Rhymes: -ina
• Hyphenation: -ì‧na

Etymology 1

From Latin -īna.

Suffix

-ina f (noun-forming suffix, plural -ine)

1. inflectional suffix used to form diminutives of feminine nouns

   ‎mano (“hand”) + ‎-ina → ‎manina (“small hand”)

   ‎coperta (“blanket”) + ‎-ina → ‎copertina (“cover”)

2. used to form the feminine of masculine nouns and given names

   ‎eroe (“hero”) + ‎-ina → ‎eroina (“heroine”)

   ‎Giuseppe + ‎-ina → ‎Giuseppina

3. used to form collective numerals

   ‎cinquanta (“fifty”) + ‎-ina → ‎cinquantina (“a total of about fifty”)

4. used to derive nouns denoting a profession

   ‎Croce Rossa (“Red Cross”) + ‎-ina → ‎crocerossina (“Red Cross nurse”)

5. used to derive nouns denoting an ethnic or geographical origin

   ‎Alessandria (“Alessandria; Alexandria”) + ‎-ina → ‎alessandrina (“female native or inhabitant of Alessandria or Alexandria”)

6. used to derive adjectives denoting composition, color or other qualities

Suffix

-ina f (non-lemma form of adjective-forming suffix)

1. feminine singular of -ino (suffix forming relational adjectives and demonyms)

   ‎smeraldo (“emerald”) + ‎-ina → ‎smeraldina (“emerald (relational; feminine singular); emerald green (feminine singular)”)

Etymology 2

Suffix

-ina f (noun-forming suffix, plural -ine)

1. (chemistry) used to form names of chemical substances; -ine

Derived terms

Italian terms suffixed with -ina

See also

• -etta
• -uccia

Anagrams

• ain, ani

Latin

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈiː.na/, [ˈiːnä]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈi.na/, [ˈiːnä]

Etymology 1

Nominalization of the feminine form of -īnus (“of or pertaining to”). For the nouns naming locations, perhaps compare the feminine gender of taberna (“shop, store”). Nouns in -īna with abstract senses, such as medicīna f (“practice of medicine”), can be interpreted as adjectives in agreement with a noun ars f (“art”) that is omitted by ellipsis.

Suffix

-īna f (genitive -īnae); first declension

1. Used to form nouns describing places where a certain activity is carried out, or abstract nouns naming activities

   ‎opifex (“worker, craftsman, artisan”) + ‎-īna → ‎officīna (“workshop, workroom”)

   ‎coquus (“cook”) + ‎-īna → ‎coquīna (“kitchen; cookery”)

   ‎fodiō (“to dig”) + ‎-īna → ‎fodīna (“mine”)

   ‎medicus (“doctor, physician”) + ‎-īna → ‎medicīna (“medicine; cure; practice of medicine”)

2. Used to form nouns or names denoting female beings

   ‎gallus (“rooster, cock”) + ‎-īna → ‎gallīna (“hen”)

   ‎cloāca (“sewer”) + ‎-īna → ‎Cloācīna (“goddess of the Cloaca Maxima”)

Usage notes

Nouns in -īna often show syncope of an internal syllable preceding the suffix, as in doctor, doctrīna; figulus (“potter”), figlīna (“potter's workshop”); opifex (“craftsman, artisan, worker”), officīna (“workshop”); and discipulus, disciplīna. Some have alternative forms without syncope, sometimes attested specifically in the context of Old Latin, such as discipulīna and opificīna (found in Plautus). Many nouns in -īna are built on nouns that serve as the name of professions or occupations, including a number of formations in -trīna from agent nouns in -tor.

Declension

First-declension noun.

	singular	plural
nominative	-īna	-īnae
genitive	-īnae	-īnārum
dative	-īnae	-īnīs
accusative	-īnam	-īnās
ablative	-īnā	-īnīs
vocative	-īna	-īnae

Synonyms

• (forms nouns denoting places): -āria, -ārium, -tōrium

Derived terms

Latin terms suffixed with -ina

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Suffix

-īna

1. inflection of -īnus:
   1. nominative/vocative/ablative feminine singular
   2. nominative/accusative/vocative neuter plural

Maori

Suffix

-ina

1. passive ending (used for words ending in 'a')

Derived terms

Maori terms suffixed with -ina

Old Czech

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ina.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (13^th CE) /ˈina/
• IPA^(key): (15^th CE) /ˈina/

Suffix

-ina f (noun-forming suffix)

1. noun forming suffix

   ‎pustý + ‎-ina → ‎pustina

   ‎slabý + ‎-ina → ‎slabina

   ‎hostiti + ‎-ina → ‎hostina

Derived terms

Old Czech terms suffixed with -ina

Descendants

• Czech: -ina

Old Polish

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ina.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (10^th–15^th CE) /ina/
• IPA^(key): (15^th CE) /ina/

Suffix

-ina

1. forms feminine nouns of various meanings

Derived terms

Old Polish terms suffixed with -ina

Descendants

• Polish: -ina

Polish

Alternative forms

• -yna

Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish -ina, from Proto-Slavic *-ina.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈi.na/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ina
• Syllabification: [please specify syllabification manually]
• Homophone: Ina

Suffix

-ina f

1. appended to nouns or proper nouns, often surnames (ending with -a and -g, -ge, -go) to form nouns meaning: wife of

   Synonym: -owa

2. (obsolete) appended to animals to mean meat of
3. (obsolete) appended to trees to form nouns meaning: forest of
4. forms feminine nouns of various meanings

Declension

Declension of -ina

	singular	plural
nominative	-ina	-iny
genitive	-iny	-in
dative	-inie	-inom
accusative	-inę	-iny
instrumental	-iną	-inami
locative	-inie	-inach
vocative	-ino	-iny

Derived terms

Polish terms suffixed with -ina

Further reading

• -ina in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Portuguese

Suffix

-ina f (noun-forming suffix, plural -inas)

1. (chemistry) -ine, -in

Derived terms

Portuguese terms suffixed with -ina

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ina.

Suffix

-ina (Cyrillic spelling -ина)

1. Suffix appended to words to create feminine nouns.
2. Suffix appended to words to create a possessive form of feminine nouns.
3. Suffix appended to noun roots to form an augmentative (the resulting noun is always feminine) frequently with pejorative or negative connotation.

Declension

Declension of -ina

	singular	plural
nominative	-ina	-ine
genitive	-ine	-ina
dative	-ini	-inama
accusative	-inu	-ine
vocative	-ino	-ine
locative	-ini	-inama
instrumental	-inom	-inama

Derived terms

Serbo-Croatian terms suffixed with -ina

See also

• -arina
• -enina

Slovene

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ina.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /-ina/, /-ìːna/

Suffix

-ina or -ína f

1. added to adjectives to form an abstract noun

Derived terms

Slovene terms suffixed with -ina

Slovincian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ina.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈi.na/

Suffix

-ina (f)

1. forms feminine nouns

Derived terms

Slovincian terms suffixed with -ina

Spanish

Etymology 1

Borrowed from French -ine.

Suffix

-ina f (noun-forming suffix, plural -inas)

1. (chemistry) -ine
2. (biochemistry) -in

Etymology 2

Suffix

-ina f (noun-forming suffix, plural -inas)

1. female equivalent of -ino

Suffix

-ina f (non-lemma form of adjective-forming suffix)

1. feminine singular of -ino

Derived terms

Spanish terms suffixed with -ina

Further reading

• “-ina”, in Diccionario de la lengua española (in Spanish), online version 23.7, Royal Spanish Academy, 2023 November 28

Upper Sorbian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ina.

Suffix

-ina f

1. forms feminine nouns of various meanings