灣

See also: 湾

灣 U+7063, 灣 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7063 ← 灢 [U+7062] CJK Unified Ideographs 灤 → [U+7064]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

灣 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+22, 25 strokes, cangjie input 水女火弓 (EVFN), four-corner 3212₇, composition ⿰氵彎)

Descendants

• 湾

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 664, character 10
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 18823
• Dae Jaweon: page 1072, character 34
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1798, character 9
• Unihan data for U+7063

Chinese

trad.		灣
simp.		湾

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (䜌) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
蠻	*mroːn
矕	*mroːnʔ
變	*prons
鸞	*b·roːn
巒	*b·roːn
灤	*b·roːn
欒	*b·roːn
鑾	*b·roːn
臠	*b·roːn, *b·ronʔ
羉	*b·roːn
䜌	*b·roːn, *b·ron, *b·rons
灓	*b·roːn, *b·roːns, *b·rons
圝	*b·roːn
曫	*b·roːn
孿	*smroːns, *smrons
彎	*qroːn
灣	*qroːn
攣	*b·ron
孌	*b·ronʔ, *b·rons
戀	*b·rons
㪻	*pʰlons, *klons

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qroːn) : semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 彎 (OC *qroːn) – a type of water.

Etymology

Cognate with 彎 (OC *qroːn, “bend; curve”) (Wang, 1982).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): wān (wan¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄨㄢ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): wan¹

  (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): ван (van, I)

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): waan¹ / waan⁴

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): van¹ / van³

• Gan (Wiktionary): uan¹
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): vân

  (Meixian, Guangdong): van¹

• Jin (Wiktionary): van¹
• Northern Min (KCR): ṳíng
• Eastern Min (BUC): uăng
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): uang² / uong² / orng²
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): oan / oân

  (Teochew, Peng'im): uêng¹ / uang¹

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ¹ue
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): uan¹

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: wān
    • Zhuyin: ㄨㄢ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: wan
    • Wade–Giles: wan¹
    • Yale: wān
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: uan
    • Palladius: вань (vanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /wän⁵⁵/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: wan¹
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: uan
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /uan⁵⁵/
  • (Dungan)
    • Cyrillic and Wiktionary: ван (van, I)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /væ̃²⁴/

    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: waan¹ / waan⁴
    • Yale: wāan / wàahn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: waan¹ / waan⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: wan¹ / wan⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /waːn⁵⁵/, /waːn²¹/

Note: waan4 - used in some place names.

• • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: van¹ / van³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /van³³/, /van²²/

Note: van3 - used in some place names.

• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: uan¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /uan⁴²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: vân
    • Hakka Romanization System: van^ˊ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: van¹
    • Sinological IPA: /van²⁴/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: van¹
    • Sinological IPA: /ʋan⁴⁴/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: van¹
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /væ̃¹¹/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ṳíng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /yiŋ⁵⁴/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: uăng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /uaŋ⁵⁵/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: uang²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /uaŋ¹³/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: uong²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /uoŋ¹³/
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: orng²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɒŋ¹³/

Note: orng2 - only used in 天九灣 (a place in Putian).

• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: oan / oân
    • Tâi-lô: uan / uân
    • Phofsit Daibuun: oafn, oaan
    • IPA (Xiamen): /uan⁴⁴/, /uan²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /uan³³/, /uan²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /uan⁴⁴/, /uan¹³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /uan⁴⁴/, /uan²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /uan⁴⁴/, /uan²³/

Note: oân - used in some place names (e.g. 臺灣).

• • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: uêng¹ / uang¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ueng / uang
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ueŋ³³/, /uaŋ³³/

Note:

• uêng1 - Chaozhou;
• uang1 - Shantou.

• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ¹ue
    • MiniDict: ue^平
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹ue
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ue⁵³/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: uan¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /u̯an³³/

---

• Middle Chinese: 'waen

Rime
Character	灣
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	影 (34)
Final (韻)	刪 (70)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	烏關切
Baxter	'waen
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔˠuan/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔʷᵚan/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔuɐn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔwaɨn/
Li Rong	/ʔuan/
Wang Li	/wan/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʔwan/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	wān
Expected Cantonese Reflex	waan1

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*qroːn/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	灣
Reading #	1/1
No.	8627
Phonetic component	
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	彎
Old Chinese	/*qroːn/
Notes	彎分化字

Definitions

灣

1. (geography) bend in a river; riverbend
2. (geography) bay; gulf
3. (regional, nautical) to berth; to anchor; to moor
4. a surname

Usage notes

• In Min Nan, the character 灣 is usually read as oan (e.g. in 海灣／海湾 (hái-oan)). The reading of oân in the context of the toponym 臺灣／台湾 (Tâi-oân, “Taiwan”) is an exception stemming from the historical variant 臺員／台员.

Synonyms

• (bend in a river): 河灣／河湾 (héwān)
• (bay): 海灣／海湾 (hǎiwān)
• (to berth): 停泊 (tíngbó)

Compounds

• 一灣子／一湾子
• 三灣／三湾 (Sānwān)
• 上車灣／上车湾 (Shàngchēwān)
• 亞丁灣／亚丁湾 (Yàdīngwān)
• 付家灣／付家湾 (Fùjiāwān)
• 前灣／前湾 (Qiánwān)
• 北灣／北湾 (Běiwān)
• 吳家灣／吴家湾 (Wújiāwān)
• 吳灣／吴湾 (Wúwān)
• 周家灣／周家湾 (Zhōujiāwān)
• 土瓜灣／土瓜湾 (Tǔguāwān, “To Kwa Wan”)
• 大亞灣／大亚湾 (Dàyàwān)
• 大連灣／大连湾 (Dàliánwān)
• 孔灣／孔湾 (Kǒngwān)
• 寶塔灣／宝塔湾 (Bǎotǎwān)
• 岩灣／岩湾 (Yánwān)
• 峽灣／峡湾 (xiáwān)
• 席特拉灣／席特拉湾
• 幾內亞灣／几内亚湾
• 廖灣／廖湾 (Liàowān)
• 廣州灣／广州湾 (Guǎngzhōuwān)
• 廣東灣／广东湾
• 張家灣／张家湾 (Zhāngjiāwān)
• 張灣／张湾 (Zhāngwān, “Zhangwan”)
• 彭家灣／彭家湾 (Péngjiāwān)
• 後頭灣／后头湾 (Hòutouwān)
• 排灣／排湾 (Páiwān)
• 排灣族／排湾族 (Páiwānzú)
• 料羅灣／料罗湾
• 施家灣／施家湾 (Shījiāwān)
• 旗杆灣 (Qígānwān)
• 暹羅灣／暹罗湾 (Xiānluówān)
• 朱灣／朱湾 (Zhūwān)
• 李灣／李湾 (Lǐwān)
• 東京灣／东京湾 (Dōngjīngwān)
• 杭州灣／杭州湾 (Hángzhōuwān)
• 松樹灣／松树湾 (Sōngshùwān)
• 東灣／东湾 (Dōngwān)
• 楊柳灣／杨柳湾 (Yángliǔwān)
• 楊溪灣／杨溪湾 (Yángxīwān)
• 樓子灣／楼子湾 (Lóuziwān)
• 江灣／江湾 (Jiāngwān)
• 波斯灣／波斯湾 (Bōsī Wān)
• 海灣／海湾 (hǎiwān)
• 港灣／港湾 (gǎngwān)
• 溪丘灣／溪丘湾 (Xīqiūwān)
• 潘家灣／潘家湾 (Pānjiāwān)
• 灣井／湾井 (Wānjǐng)
• 灣洄／湾洄
• 灣流／湾流 (Wānliú)
• 灣潭／湾潭 (Wāntán)
• 灣澴／湾澴
• 灣灣／湾湾 (Wānwān)
• 灣轉／湾转
• 玫瑰灣／玫瑰湾 (Méiguīwān)
• 琚灣／琚湾 (Jūwān)
• 田灣／田湾 (Tiánwān)
• 白沙灣／白沙湾
• 百家灣／百家湾
• 盧灣／卢湾 (Lúwān)
• 瞿家灣／瞿家湾 (Qújiāwān)
• 程灣／程湾 (Chéngwān)
• 窯灣／窑湾 (Yáowān)
• 筲箕灣／筲箕湾 (Shāojīwān, “Shau Kei Wan”)
• 老灣／老湾 (Lǎowān)
• 肖灣／肖湾
• 肥沃月灣／肥沃月湾
• 膠州灣／胶州湾 (Jiāozhōuwān)
• 臺灣／台灣／台湾 (Táiwān)
• 芬蘭灣／芬兰湾 (Fēnlánwān)
• 芝麻灣／芝麻湾 (Zhīmawān)
• 西李灣／西李湾 (Xīlǐwān)
• 覃灣／覃湾 (Tánwān)
• 譚家灣／谭家湾 (Tánjiāwān)
• 谷灣／谷湾
• 趙灣／赵湾 (Zhàowān)
• 轉灣抹角／转湾抹角
• 過渡灣／过渡湾 (Guòdùwān)
• 遼東灣／辽东湾 (Liáodōngwān)
• 都鎮灣／都镇湾 (Dūzhènwān)
• 鄒灣／邹湾 (Zōuwān)
• 鄭灣／郑湾 (Zhèngwān)
• 金蘭灣／金兰湾
• 金角灣／金角湾 (Jīnjiǎowān)
• 鞏家灣／巩家湾 (Gǒngjiāwān)
• 韓家灣／韩家湾 (Hánjiāwān)
• 韓灣／韩湾 (Hánwān)
• 馬灣／马湾 (Mǎwān)
• 鹽池灣／盐池湾 (Yánchíwān)
• 黃灣／黄湾 (Huángwān)
• 墨西哥灣／墨西哥湾 (Mòxīgē Wān)
• 黨城灣／党城湾 (Dǎngchéngwān)
• 龍灣／龙湾 (Lóngwān)

 

Japanese

Shinjitai	湾
Kyūjitai	灣

Kanji

灣

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 湾)

1. Kyūjitai form of 湾

Readings

• On (unclassified): わん (wan)
• Kun: いりこむ (irikomu)

Korean

Etymology

From a corrupted or unorthodox reading influenced by Middle Chinese 蠻 (MC maen). The original reading is 완 (wan) based on Middle Chinese 灣 (MC 'waen).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448	ᅙᅪᆫ (Yale: qwàn)
Early Modern Korean
Text	Final (韻)	Reading
Samun Seonghwi, 1751	刪	완 (wan)

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ma̠n]
• Phonetic hangul: [만]

Hanja

Wikisource

灣 (eumhun 물굽이 만 (mulgubi man))

1. hanja form^? of 만 (“(geography) bay; gulf”) [noun]

Compounds

Compounds

• 만류 (灣流, mallyu)
• 대만 (臺灣, Daeman)
• 항만 (港灣, hangman)
• 진주만 (眞珠灣, Jinjuman, “Pearl Harbor”)

References

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]

Vietnamese

Han character

灣: Hán Nôm readings: loan, loáng, loãng, vịnh

1. bay, gulf