توپ

See also: پوت, توت, تؤت, ثوب, توب, بوت, تؤب, and بوب

Khalaj

Noun

توْپ (top) (definite accusative توْپۇ, plural توْپلار)

1. Arabic spelling of top (“ball”)

Declension

Declension of توپ

	singular	plural
nominative	توپ	توپلار
genitive	توپؽݧ	توپلارؽݧ
dative	توپقا	توپلارقا
definite accusative	توپؽ	توپلارؽ
locative	توپچا	توپلارچا
ablative	توپدا	توپلاردا
instrumental	توپلا	توپلارلا
equative	توپوارا	توپلاروارا

Persian

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [ˈtoːp]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰóːp]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰóːp]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰóːp]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰʊ́ːp]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰúːp]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰɵ́p]

Readings
Classical reading?	tōp
Dari reading?	tōp
Iranian reading?	tup
Tajik reading?	tüp

• Audio (Iran):

  (file)

Etymology 1

From Turkic. Compare Turkish top.

Alternative forms

• طوپ (tup, top)

Noun

Dari	توپ
Iranian Persian
Tajik	тӯп, тӯб

توپ • (tup) (plural توپ‌ها (tup-hâ))

1. ball
2. cannon
3. mortar
4. gun

Descendants

• → Hindustani:

  Hindi: तोप (top)

  Urdu: توپ (top)

Etymology 2

Probably cognate with Persian توه (tuh, “layer”), from Middle Persian [script needed] (twp /⁠*tōf⁠/, “layer”).

Noun

Dari	توپ
Iranian Persian
Tajik	тӯб

توپ • (tup)

1. (dated) bundle, bale
2. bolt (of fabric)

Adjective

توپ • (tup) (comparative توپ‌تَر (tup-tar), superlative توپ‌تَرین (tup-tarin))

1. (slang) good, cool

Urdu

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /t̪oːp/

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Classical Persian توپ (tōp).

Noun

توپ • (top) f (Hindi spelling तोप)

1. gun
2. cannon
3. mortar

Etymology 2

Inherited from Sanskrit स्तूप (stūpa).

Noun

توپ • (top) m (Hindi spelling तोप)

1. heap
2. pile
3. cluster

References

• Fallon, Platts, Qureshi, Shakespear (2024) “توپ”, in Digital Dictionaries of South Asia

Uyghur

Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *top.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /top/

Noun

توپ • (top) (plural توپلار (toplar))

1. ball

   پەي توپ ― pey top ― a shuttlecock; badminton (the game)

2. masses, people

   كىشىلەر توپى ― kishiler topi ― the mass of people, the masses, the people

3. a flock, swarm, crowd

   بىر توپ چىكەتكە ― bir top chiketke ― a swarm of locusts

4. bolt

   بىر توپ رەخت ― bir top rext ― a bolt of cloth

5. in a large quantity, in bulk

   توپ ساتماق ― top satmaq ― to sell wholesale

6. a measure word for flock, etc.

   بىر توپ پادا قوي ― bir top pada qoy ― a flock of sheep

7. cannon; artillery

   توپ ئاتماق ― top atmaq ― to fire a cannon, to shell

8. (chess) rook

Related terms

• توپچى (topchi)

See also

Chess pieces in Uyghur · شاھمات ئۇرۇقلىرى (shahmat uruqliri) (layout · text)
شاھ (shah) ، پادىشا (padisha)	فەرزىن (ferzin) ، گەردە (gerde)	رۇخ (rux) ، توپ (top) ، توركا (torka)	پىل (pil) ، ئوفىسسىر (ofissir)	ئات (at)	پىيادە (piyade) ، پىچكا (pichka)