Harry Forbes Witherby, MBE, FZS, MBOU (7 October 1873 – 11 December 1943) was a noted British ornithologist, author, publisher and founding editor (in 1907) of the magazine British Birds.[2]
Harry Forbes Witherby | |
|---|---|
 Witherby in 1937 | |
| Born | 7 October 1873 |
| Died | 11 December 1943 (aged 70) Gracious Pond Farm, Chobham, Surrey[1] |
| Nationality | British |
| Occupation | Publisher |
| Known for | Ornithology, publishing |
| Notable work | |
| Spouse | Lilian Gillson (m. 1904) |
| Parent | Henry Forbes Witherby |
| Relatives | five children: two sons and three daughters |
Personal life
editHarry was the second surviving son of Henry Forbes Witherby (1836–1907) of Holmehurst, Burley, Hants, the owner of the legal and maritime stationer Witherby and Co., employing 169 men who retired from the family business in 1899 to focus on his interests in painting and ornithology, leaving it to be run by his sons.[3][4] After leaving school Witherby entered his old family publishing firm of Witherby, from which he retired in 1936, but resumed work again after the outbreak of the second world war. The family firm of H F and G Witherby, originally printers, began to publish bird books early in the 20th century. From an early age Witherby devoted himself to the study of ornithology, travelling extensively, including visits to Iran, the Kola Peninsula, and the White Nile. He described the latter in his book Bird Hunting on the White Nile (1902).[5][6] He married Lilian Gillson in 1904.[7] Lilian joined him on his travels and even learnt to skin birds on their honeymoon. They had two sons and three daughters.[8]
Career
editHe started one of the world's first two bird ringing schemes in 1909 (they merged in the late 1930s), transferring responsibility, in 1937, to the British Trust for Ornithology (BTO), who continue to run it.[9] Witherby was Hon Secretary and Treasurer (1904–14),[7] and Chairman (1924–27)[7] of the British Ornithologists' Club (1924–1927) and President of the Council of the British Ornithologists' Union (BOU) (1933–1938).[7] In 1933 he was one of eleven people,[a] involved in the appeal that led to the foundation of the British Trust for Ornithology (BTO), an organisation for the study of birds in the British Isles.,[10] becoming a founding member and early vice-chairman. The BTO survived through his financial generosity, not least in donating the proceeds of the sale of his extensive collection of stuffed birds to the British Museum - this is now at the Natural History Museum, Tring.
Witherby's crowning glory was The Handbook of British Birds (1938–1941). Spanning five volumes, it was reprinted a number of times, the later editions having a few pages devoted to corrections and additions to previous editions, but few of these are of great significance and the main text was left untouched. He was made an Honorary Fellow of the American Ornithologists' Union in 1928[7] and was awarded the Godman-Salvin Medal by the BOU in 1937. Witherby's lark (Alaemon hamertoni) was named for him, in 1905, but is now more commonly known as the lesser hoopoe-lark. Two other bird sub-species have been named after him:[11] Emberiza schoeniclus witherbyi (common reed bunting) and Erithacus rubecula witherbyi (European robin).
During World War I he was a lieutenant in the Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve.[7] He was mentioned in dispatches and was awarded the Military MBE for his service as an intelligence officer in Dunkirk.[7][12]
See also
editNotes
edit- ^ The letter was signed:
- Desborough
- Hugh S. Gladstone
- Grey of Fallodon
- Julian S. Huxley (Chancellor of Oxford University)
- T. G Longstaff
- Percy R. Lowe
- P. Chalmers Mitchell
- Rothschild
- Scone M.P. (Chairman, British Trust for Ornithology)
- E. L. Turner
- H. F. Witherby (President, British Ornithologists' Union)
References
edit- ^ Times obituary, 13 December 1943
- ^ Ogilvie, Malcolm; Ferguson-Lees, James and Chandler, Richard (2007). "A history of British Birds". British Birds 100: 3–15
- ^ "Witherby Publishing Group > Witherby History". Archived from the original on 14 March 2022. Retrieved 23 December 2019.
- ^ A Country House or a House in the Country? A study of country houses in the New Forest and their residents, c. 1851 to c. 1923, Catherine E. M. Glover, University of Winchester, 2012, p. 205
- ^ Witherby, Harry F. (15 May 1902). Bird Hunting on the White Nile. London: The Office of "Knowledge"; 117 pages; illustrated
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: postscript (link) - ^ L., R. (1902). "review of Bird Hunting on the White Nile by H. F. Witherby". Nature. 66: 52. doi:10.1038/066052a0.
- ^ a b c d e f g Who Was Who. OUP.
- ^ Tucker, B. W. "Harry Forbes Witherby: A biographical sketch" (PDF). British Birds. 37 (9): 162–174. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 August 2021. Retrieved 17 April 2016.
- ^ Bird Study Vol 16 March 1969 no.1, AL Thomson, text of first BTO Witherby Lecture
- ^ "Observers of Birds" (PDF). The Times. 1 July 1933.
- ^ Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names by James A Jobling, 1991 OUP
- ^ London Gazette 8th supplement, 23 May 1919
- Thomson, A. Landsborough (1944). "Harry Forbes Witherby: A Biographical Sketch". Ibis. 86 (2): 208–222. doi:10.1111/j.1474-919X.1944.tb03878.x.
- Mullens and Swann - A Bibliography of British Ornithology (1917)