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| VND 2,414,600.000 billion
| VND 2,414,600.000 billion
| 103.135
| 103.135
| 2022<ref name=hanoigrdp>{{cite book | author = Statistics Office of Hanoi | year = 2023 | url = https://cucthongkehanoi.gso.gov.vn/storage/manager/niengiam_tk/N39Xcce-ea70cb87-be4d-4da8-b7aa-5ffa9a840648.pdf | title = Niên giám Thống kê thành phố Hà Nội năm 2022 | trans-title= Statistical Yearbook of Hanoi 2022 | publisher = Statistical Publishing House (Vietnam) | access-date = 2024-04-29 | archive-date = 2024-04-29 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20240429074643/https://cucthongkehanoi.gso.gov.vn/storage/manager/niengiam_tk/N39Xcce-ea70cb87-be4d-4da8-b7aa-5ffa9a840648.pdf|url-status=live| page=162 }}</ref>
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| 2022<ref name="vie"/>
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| 53
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| 2
| 2
| {{flagicon|France}} [[Paris metropolitan area]], France
| {{flagicon|France}} [[Paris metropolitan area]], France
| €757.630 billion
| €782.639 billion
| 896.276
| 824.745
⚫
| 2022<ref name=regions/>
|2021<ref name=ec.europa.eu>{{Cite web|url=https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/met_10r_3gdp/default/table?lang=en|title=Gross domestic product (GDP) at current market prices by metropolitan regions|website=ec.europa.eu}}</ref>
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| 3
| 3
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| 4
| 4
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|{{flagicon|Netherlands}} [[Randstad]], Netherlands
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|€510.181 billion
|537.629
⚫
|2022<ref name=regions/>
⚫
|-
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| 5
|{{flagicon|Russia}} [[Moscow metropolitan area]], Russia
|{{flagicon|Russia}} [[Moscow metropolitan area]], Russia
|₽31,303.000 billion
|₽31,303.000 billion
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|2021<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://rosstat.gov.ru/storage/mediabank/VRP_s_1998.xlsx|title=Валовой региональный продукт по субъектам Российской Федерации в 2016-2021гг.|website=www.rosstat.gov.ru}}</ref>
|2021<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://rosstat.gov.ru/storage/mediabank/VRP_s_1998.xlsx|title=Валовой региональный продукт по субъектам Российской Федерации в 2016-2021гг.|website=www.rosstat.gov.ru}}</ref>
|-
|-
| 5
| 6
|{{flagicon|Germany}} [[Munich Metropolitan Region]], Germany
|{{flagicon|Germany}} [[Munich Metropolitan Region]], Germany
|€336.703 billion
|€336.703 billion
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|2020<ref name=Statista/>
|2020<ref name=Statista/>
|-
|-
| 6
| 7
| {{flagicon|Germany}} [[Frankfurt Rhine-Main|Rhine-Main Metropolitan Region]], Germany
| {{flagicon|Germany}} [[Frankfurt Rhine-Main|Rhine-Main Metropolitan Region]], Germany
|€273.357 billion
|€273.357 billion
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|2020<ref name=Statista/>
|2020<ref name=Statista/>
|-
|-
| 7
| 8
| {{flagicon|Germany}} [[Stuttgart Metropolitan Region]], Germany
| {{flagicon|Germany}} [[Stuttgart Metropolitan Region]], Germany
|€258.236 billion
|€258.236 billion
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|2020<ref name=Statista/>
|2020<ref name=Statista/>
|-
|-
| 8
| 9
|{{flagicon|Spain}} [[Madrid Metropolitan Area]], Spain
|{{flagicon|Spain}} [[Madrid Metropolitan Area]], Spain
|€234.639 billion
|€234.639 billion
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|2021<ref name=regions>{{cite web | url=https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/tgs00003/default/table?lang=en | title=EU regions by GDP, Eurostat|website=ec.europa.eu}}</ref>
|2021<ref name=regions>{{cite web | url=https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/tgs00003/default/table?lang=en | title=EU regions by GDP, Eurostat|website=ec.europa.eu}}</ref>
|-
|-
| 9
| 10
|{{flagicon|Turkey}} [[Istanbul|Istanbul metropolitan area]], Turkey
|{{flagicon|Turkey}} [[Istanbul|Istanbul metropolitan area]], Turkey
|₺4,564.280 billion
|₺4,564.280 billion
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|2022<ref>{{cite web|url=https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Gross-Domestic-Product-by-Provinces-2022-45867&dil=2 |title=GDP by Provinces, 2022 - İstanbul had the highest share of GDP with 30.4% (Tables 1 and 3) |publisher=[[Turkish Statistical Institute]] |website=www.tuik.gov.tr |date=7 December 2023 |access-date=8 December 2023}}</ref>
|2022<ref>{{cite web|url=https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Gross-Domestic-Product-by-Provinces-2022-45867&dil=2 |title=GDP by Provinces, 2022 - İstanbul had the highest share of GDP with 30.4% (Tables 1 and 3) |publisher=[[Turkish Statistical Institute]] |website=www.tuik.gov.tr |date=7 December 2023 |access-date=8 December 2023}}</ref>
|-
|-
| 10
| 11
|{{Flagicon|Ireland}} [[Greater Dublin Area]], Ireland
|{{Flagicon|Ireland}} [[Greater Dublin Area]], Ireland
|€230.366 billion
|€230.366 billion
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|2021<ref name=ec.europa.eu/>
|2021<ref name=ec.europa.eu/>
|-
|-
| 11
| 12
| {{flagicon|Germany}} [[Berlin/Brandenburg Metropolitan Region]], Germany
| {{flagicon|Germany}} [[Berlin/Brandenburg Metropolitan Region]], Germany
|€229.828 billion
|€229.828 billion
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|2021<ref name=Statista/>
|2021<ref name=Statista/>
|-
|-
| 12
| 13
| {{flagicon|Italy}} [[Metropolitan City of Milan|Milan metropolitan area]], Italy
| {{flagicon|Italy}} [[Metropolitan City of Milan|Milan metropolitan area]], Italy
|€228.436 billion
|€228.436 billion
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|2021<ref name=ec.europa.eu/>
|2021<ref name=ec.europa.eu/>
|-
|-
| 13
| 14
|{{flagicon|Germany}} [[Hamburg Metropolitan Region]], Germany
|{{flagicon|Germany}} [[Hamburg Metropolitan Region]], Germany
|€228.774 billion
|€228.774 billion
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|2020<ref name=Statista/>
|2020<ref name=Statista/>
|-
|-
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| 14
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|{{flagicon|Netherlands}} [[Amsterdam metropolitan area]], Netherlands
⚫
|€201.100 billion
|237.901
⚫
|2021<ref name=ec.europa.eu/>
⚫
|-
| 15
| 15
|{{flagicon|Belgium}} [[Brussels metropolitan area]], Belgium
|{{flagicon|Belgium}} [[Brussels metropolitan area]], Belgium

Revision as of 00:24, 14 May 2024

New York metropolitan area has the largest GDP in the Americas and the world ($2,163 billion)
Greater Tokyo Area has the largest GDP in Asia ($2,084 billion)
London metropolitan area has the largest GDP in Europe ($984 billion)
Greater Cairo has the largest GDP in Africa ($190 billion)
Sydney metropolitan area has the largest GDP in the Oceania ($345 billion)

This is a list of largest metropolitan areas by their gross domestic product (GDP) in US dollars as well as local currency.

Americas

Rank Metropolitan area GDP (local currency) GDP (billion US$) Year
1 United States New York metropolitan area, United States — 2,163.209 2022[1]
2 United States Greater Los Angeles, United States — 1,227.469 2022[1]
3 United States Chicago metropolitan area, United States — 832.900 2022[1]
4 United States San Francisco Bay Area, United States — 729.105 2022[1]
5 United States Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex, United States — 688.928 2022[1]
6 United States Washington metropolitan area, United States — 660.626 2022[1]
7 United States Greater Houston, United States — 633.185 2022[1]
8 United States Metro Atlanta, United States — 525.888 2022[1]
9 United States Greater Philadelphia, United States — 518.485 2022[1]
10 United States Seattle metropolitan area, United States — 517.803 2022[1]
11 United States Greater Boston, United States — 504.105 2022[1]
12 United States Miami metropolitan area, United States — 483.755 2022[1]
13 United States Phoenix metropolitan area, United States — 362.087 2022[1]
14 Canada Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area, Canada CA$467.972 billion 349.201 2020[2]
15 Mexico Greater Mexico City, Mexico Mex$6,487.000 billion 340.800 2022[3]
16 Brazil Greater São Paulo, Brazil R$1,621.000 billion 314.500 2022[4]
17 United States Metro Detroit, United States — 305.412 2022[1]
18 United States San Diego metropolitan area, United States — 295.645 2022[1]
19 United States Denver metropolitan area, United States — 288.800 2022[1]
20 United States Minneapolis–Saint Paul, United States — 277.602 2022[1]
21 United States Baltimore metropolitan area, United States — 241.399 2022[1]
22 Argentina Greater Buenos Aires, Argentina ARS 2,167.433 billion 235.600 2023[5]
23 United States Charlotte metropolitan area, United States — 228.913 2022[1]
24 United States Greater Austin, United States — 222.054 2022[1]
25 United States Tampa Bay area, United States — 219.414 2022[1]
26 United States Greater St. Louis, United States — 209.936 2022[1]
27 United States Portland metropolitan area, United States — 204.319 2022[1]
28 United States Greater Orlando, United States — 194.472 2022[1]
29 United States Nashville metropolitan area, United States — 187.781 2022[1]
30 United States Cincinnati metropolitan area, United States — 186.141 2022[1]
31 United States Indianapolis metropolitan area, United States — 184.394 2022[1]
32 United States Greater Pittsburgh, United States — 181.485 2022[1]
33 United States Greater Sacramento, United States — 176.276 2022[1]
34 Brazil Rio de Janeiro metropolitan area, Brazil R$949.301 billion 176.095 2021[6]
35 Canada Greater Montreal, Canada CA$228.707 billion 170.661 2020[2]
36 United States Kansas City metropolitan area, United States — 169.501 2022[1]
37 United States Columbus metropolitan area, United States — 169.123 2022[1]
38 United States Greater San Antonio, United States — 163.061 2022[1]
39 United States Las Vegas Valley, United States — 160.728 2022[1]
40 United States Greater Cleveland, United States — 138.260 2022[1]
41 United States Salt Lake City metropolitan area, United States — 135.409 2022[1]
42 Chile Santiago Metropolitan Region, Chile CLP 85,867.000 billion 128.800 2023[7]
43 Canada Greater Vancouver, Canada CA$163.772 billion 122.207 2020[2]
44 Colombia Metropolitan Area of Bogotá, Colombia COP 334,299.466 billion 121.800 2023[8]
45 United States Milwaukee metropolitan area, United States — 120.563 2022[1]
46 United States Research Triangle, United States — 119.675 2022[1]
47 United States Hampton Roads, United States — 118.686 2022[1]
48 United States Jacksonville metropolitan area, United States — 117.162 2022[1]
49 United States Greater Hartford, United States — 114.887 2022[1]
50 United States Providence metropolitan area, United States — 105.571 2022[1]
51 United States Greater Bridgeport, United States — 104.368 2022[1]

Asia

Rank Metropolitan area GDP (local currency) GDP (billion US$) Year
1 Japan Greater Tokyo Area, Japan JP¥ 222,129.000 billion 2,084.000 2021[9]
2 South Korea Seoul Capital Area, South Korea KR₩ 1,137,000.000 billion 909.600 2021 [10]
3 Japan Keihanshin, Japan JP¥ 74,150.000 billion 680.251 2019[9]
4 China Shanghai, China CN¥ 4,465.000 billion 663.900 2022[11]
5 China Beijing, China CN¥ 4,161.000 billion 618.000 2022[11]
6 China Shenzhen, China CN¥ 3,239.000 billion 482.000 2022 [11]
7 Singapore Singapore, Singapore S$643.546 billion 466.789 2022[12]
8 China Chongqing, China CN¥ 2,913.000 billion 433.000 2022 [11]
9 China Guangzhou, China CN¥ 2,884.000 billion 429.000 2022 [11]
10 Taiwan Taipei, Taiwan — 407.838 2021[13]
11 Indonesia Jakarta metropolitan area, Indonesia IDR 5,977,603.000 billion 402.570 2022[14]
12 Japan Chūkyō metropolitan area, Japan JP¥ 40,911.000 billion 375.316 2019[9]
13 China Hong Kong, China CN¥ 2,873.000 billion 368.400 2022 [11]
14 China Suzhou, China CN¥ 2,396.000 billion 356.000 2022[11]
15 Israel Tel Aviv metropolitan area, Israel ILS 1,040.646 billion 310.000 2022[15][16]
16 China Chengdu, China CN¥ 2,082.000 billion 308.790 2022[11]
17 China Wuhan, China CN¥ 1,887.000 billion 281.000 2022[11]
18 China Hangzhou, China CN¥ 1,875.000 billion 279.000 2022[11]
19 India Mumbai Metropolitan Region, India — 277.980 2021[13]
20 India Delhi metropolitan area, India — 272.600 2021[13]
21 Philippines Mega Manila, Philippines

₱14,131.000 billion

254.364 2023[17]
22 China Nanjing, China CN¥ 1,691.000 billion 251.000 2022[11]
23 South Korea Busan–Gyeongnam Area, South Korea KR₩ 310,000.000 billion 248.000 2021[10]
24 China Tianjin, China CN¥ 1,631.000 billion 243.000 2022[11]
25 China Ningbo, China CN¥ 1,570.000 billion 234.000 2022[11]
26 Thailand Bangkok Metropolitan Region, Thailand THB 8,096.000 billion 226.698 2022[18]
27 ChinaQingdao, China CN¥ 1,492.000 billion 222.000 2022[11]
28 China Shanghai, China CN¥ 1,485.000 billion 221.000 2022[11]
29 China Changsha, China CN¥ 1,397.000 billion 208.000 2022[11]
30 United Arab Emirates Dubai-Sharjah-Ajman metropolitan area, UAE AED 744.800 billion 202.800 2021[19]
31 Malaysia Greater Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia MYR 888,491 billion 201.930 2022[20]
32 China Zhengzhou, China CN¥ 1,294.000 billion 192.000 2022[11]
33 China Foshan, China CN¥ 1,270.000 billion 189.000 2022[11]
34 Saudi Arabia Riyadh, Saudi Arabia SAR 687.000 billion 183.200 2021[21]
35 Japan Fukuoka–Kitakyushu, Japan JP¥ 19,942.000 billion 183.000 2019[9]
36 China Fuzhou, China CN¥ 1,231.000 billion 183.000 2022[11]
37 China Quanzhou, China CN¥ 1,210.000 billion 180.000 2022[11]
38 China Jinan, China CN¥ 1,203.000 billion 179.000 2022[11]
39 China Hefei China CN¥ 1,201.000 billion 179.000 2022[11]
40 China Xi'an, China CN¥ 1,149.000 billion 171.000 2022[11]
41 China Shanghai, China CN¥ 1,138.000 billion 169.000 2022[11]
42 China Dongguan, China CN¥ 1,120.000 billion 167.000 2022[11]
43 United Arab Emirates Abu Dhabi Metropolitan Area, UAE AED 554.600 billion 151.073 2022[22]
44 China Changzhou, China CN¥ 955.000 billion 142.000 2022[11]
45 China Yantai, China CN¥ 952.000 billion 142.000 2022[11]
46 Vietnam Ho Chi Minh City metropolitan area, Vietnam VND 3,172,000.000 billion 133.076 2023[23]
47 China Tangshan, China CN¥ 890.000 billion 132.000 2022[11]
48 Indonesia Surabaya metropolitan area, Indonesia IDR 1,878,228.000 billion 126.490 2022[14]
49 China Xuzhou, China CN¥ 846.000 billion 126.000 2022[11]
50 China Dalian, China CN¥ 843.000 billion 125.000 2022[11]
51 China Wenzhou, China CN¥ 803.000 billion 119.000 2022[11]
52 Vietnam Hanoi Capital Region, Vietnam VND 2,414,600.000 billion 103.135 2022[24]
53 Saudi Arabia Jeddah, Saudi Arabia SAR 377.625 billion 100.700 2021[21]

Europe

Rank Metropolitan area GDP (local currency) GDP (billion US$) Year
1 United Kingdom London metropolitan area, UK £715.200 billion 983.901 2021[25]
2 France Paris metropolitan area, France €782.639 billion 824.745 2022[26]
3 Germany Rhine-Ruhr metropolitan region, Germany €501.718 billion 572.962 2020[27]
4 Netherlands Randstad, Netherlands €510.181 billion 537.629 2022[26]
5 Russia Moscow metropolitan area, Russia ₽31,303.000 billion 425.721 2021[28]
6 Germany Munich Metropolitan Region, Germany €336.703 billion 384.515 2020[27]
7 Germany Rhine-Main Metropolitan Region, Germany €273.357 billion 312.174 2020[27]
8 Germany Stuttgart Metropolitan Region, Germany €258.236 billion 294.906 2020[27]
9 Spain Madrid Metropolitan Area, Spain €234.639 billion 277.578 2021[26]
10 Turkey Istanbul metropolitan area, Turkey ₺4,564.280 billion 275.365 2022[29]
11 Republic of Ireland Greater Dublin Area, Ireland €230.366 billion 272.523 2021[30]
12 Germany Berlin/Brandenburg Metropolitan Region, Germany €229.828 billion 271.887 2021[27]
13 Italy Milan metropolitan area, Italy €228.436 billion 270.240 2021[30]
14 Germany Hamburg Metropolitan Region, Germany €228.774 billion 261.260 2020[27]
15 Belgium Brussels metropolitan area, Belgium €200.457 billion 211.242 2022[30]
16 Spain Barcelona metropolitan area, Spain €173.722 billion 205.513 2021[30]
17 Sweden Stockholm metropolitan area, Sweden €172.401 billion[a] 203.950 2021[26]
18 Italy Rome metropolitan area, Italy €163.462 billion 193.376 2021[30]
19 Denmark Greater Copenhagen, Denmark €178.834 billion[b] 188.455 2022[30]
20 Germany Hannover–Braunschweig–Göttingen–Wolfsburg Metropolitan Region, Germany €162.990 billion 186.135 2020[27]
21 Switzerland Zurich metropolitan area, Switzerland CHF 149.000 billion 159.000 2020[31]
22 Germany Nuremberg Metropolitan Region, Germany €148.131 billion 169.166 2020[27]
23 Austria Vienna metropolitan area, Austria €140.330 billion 166.010 2021[30]
24 France Aix-Marseille-Provence Metropolis, France €125.382 billion 148.327 2021[30]
25 Republic of Ireland Metropolitan Cork, Ireland €115.681 billion 136.851 2021[30]
26 Russia Saint Petersburg metropolitan area, Russia ₽9,440.000 billion 128.384 2021[32]
27 Poland Warsaw metropolitan area, Poland €114.436 billion[c] 120.593 2022[26]
28 Czech Republic Prague metropolitan area, Czechia €109.990 billion[d] 115.907 2022[30]
29 France Metropolis of Lyon, France €97.306 billion 115.113 2021[30]
30 Finland Greater Helsinki, Finland €105.831 billion 111.525 2022[26]
31 Germany Northwest Metropolitan Region, Germany €101.322 billion 115.710 2020[27]
32 Germany Rhine-Neckar Metropolitan Region, Germany €99.242 billion 113.334 2020[27]
33 Germany Central German Metropolitan Region, Germany €95.939 billion 109.562 2020[27]
34 United Kingdom Greater Manchester, UK £78.744 billion 108.000 2021[25]
35 France European Metropolis of Lille, France €85.949 billion 101.678 2021[30]

Africa

Rank Metropolitan area GDP (local currency) GDP (billion US$) Year
1 Egypt Greater Cairo, Egypt EGP 2,986.037 billion 190.211 2021[33]
2 South Africa Johanstenburg metropolitan area, South Africa ZAR 2,184.600 billion 133.916 2022[34]
3 Nigeria Lagos metropolitan area, Nigeria NGN 41,167.788 billion 102.010 2021[35]

Oceania

Rank Metropolitan area GDP (local currency) GDP (billion US$) Year
1 Australia Sydney metropolitan area, Australia AU$ 461.440 billion 344.926 2018[36]
2 Australia Melbourne metropolitan area, Australia AU$ 369.439 billion 276.156 2018[36]
3 Australia Brisbane metropolitan area, Australia AU$ 177.006 billion 132.312 2018[36]
4 Australia Perth metropolitan area, Australia AU$ 146.880 billion 109.973 2018[36]

See also

Notelist

  1. ^ Although Euro is not official currency of Sweden it’s used for Eurostat statistics.
  2. ^ Although Euro is not official currency of Denmark it’s used for Eurostat statistics.
  3. ^ Although Euro is not official currency of Poland it’s used for Eurostat statistics.
  4. ^ Although Euro is not official currency of Czechia it’s used for Eurostat statistics.

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap "Gross Domestic Product by County and Metropolitan Area", fred.stlouisfed.org
  2. ^ a b c "Statistics Canada. Table 36-10-0468-01 Gross domestic product (GDP) at basic prices, by census metropolitan area (CMA) (x 1,000,000)". Statistics Canada.
  3. ^ Citibanamex (June 13, 2023). "Indicadores Regionales de Actividad Económica 2023" (PDF) (in Spanish). Retrieved August 13, 2023.
  4. ^ "PIB da Região Administrativa de Sorocaba é o 4º que mais cresceu", www.seade.gov.br
  5. ^ "TelluBase—Argentina Fact Sheet (Tellusant Public Service Series)" (PDF). Tellusant. Retrieved 2024-01-11.
  6. ^ "PIB por Unidade da Federação, 2021". ibge.gov.br.
  7. ^ "TelluBase—Chile Fact Sheet (Tellusant Public Service Series)" (PDF). Tellusant. Retrieved 2024-01-11.
  8. ^ "TelluBase—Colombia Fact Sheet (Tellusant Public Service Series)" (PDF). Tellusant. Retrieved 2024-01-11.
  9. ^ a b c d "県民経済計算（平成23年度 - 令和２年度）（2008SNA、平成27年基準計数）＜47都道府県、4政令指定都市分＞". www.esri.cao.go.jp.
  10. ^ a b "2021년 지역소득(잠정)". kostat.go.kr.
  11. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae "2022年GDP100强城市榜：江苏13市均超4000亿，10强有变化". yicai.com.
  12. ^ "World Economic Outlook database: October 2023", www.imf.org
  13. ^ a b c "Global Wealth GDP Nominal Distribution: Who Are The Leaders Of The Global Economy? - Full Size". www.visualcapitalist.com. Retrieved 2022-03-27.
  14. ^ a b Badan Pusat Statistik (2023). Produk Domestik Regional Bruto Kabupaten/Kota di Indonesia 2018-2022. Jakarta: Badan Pusat Statistik.
  15. ^ "Instead of talking about national economy, we should talk about cities". www.calcalist.co.il.
  16. ^ "World Economic Outlook database: October 2023". www.imf.org.
  17. ^ "2021 to 2023 Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP)". Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved April 26, 2024.
  18. ^ "Gross Regional and Provincial Product, 2021 Edition". <>. Office of the National Economic and Social Development Council (NESDC). February 2021. ISSN 1686-0799. Retrieved 22 January 2020.
  19. ^ "TelluBase—UAE Fact Sheet (Tellusant Public Service Series)" (PDF). Tellusant. Retrieved 2024-01-11.
  20. ^ "Department of Statistics Malaysia Official Portal". www.dosm.gov.my. Retrieved 2023-06-30.
  21. ^ a b "TelluBase—Saudi Arabia Fact Sheet (Tellusant Public Service Series)" (PDF). Tellusant. Retrieved 2024-05-11.
  22. ^ "Abu Dhabi fastest-growing economy in MENA Region with GDP growth rate of 9.3% in 2022", added.gov.ae
  23. ^ "Ho Chi Minh City well implements socio-economic development goals in 2023".
  24. ^ Statistics Office of Hanoi (2023). Niên giám Thống kê thành phố Hà Nội năm 2022 [Statistical Yearbook of Hanoi 2022] (PDF). Statistical Publishing House (Vietnam). p. 162. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2024-04-29. Retrieved 2024-04-29.
  25. ^ a b Fenton, Trevor. "Regional economic activity by gross domestic product, UK: 1998 to 2021". ons.gov.uk.
  26. ^ a b c d e f "EU regions by GDP, Eurostat". ec.europa.eu.
  27. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k "Bruttoinlandsprodukt (BIP) in den Metropolregionen* in Deutschland im Jahr 2020" (in German).
  28. ^ "Валовой региональный продукт по субъектам Российской Федерации в 2016-2021гг". www.rosstat.gov.ru.
  29. ^ "GDP by Provinces, 2022 - İstanbul had the highest share of GDP with 30.4% (Tables 1 and 3)". www.tuik.gov.tr. Turkish Statistical Institute. 7 December 2023. Retrieved 8 December 2023.
  30. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Cite error: The named reference ec.europa.eu was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  31. ^ Statistik, Bundesamt für (2021-01-21). "Bruttoinlandsprodukt (BIP) nach Grossregion und Kanton - 2008-2018 | Tabelle". Bundesamt für Statistik (in German). Retrieved 2023-07-01.
  32. ^ "Валовой региональный продукт по субъектам Российской Федерации в 2016-2021гг". www.rosstat.gov.ru.
  33. ^ "GDP BY GOVERNORATE", mped.gov.eg
  34. ^ "Census 2022", statssa.gov.za
  35. ^ Okeowo, Gabriel; Fatoba, Iyanuoluwa, eds. (2022-10-13). "State of States 2022 Edition" (PDF). Budgit.org. BudgIT. Retrieved 2023-03-07.
  36. ^ a b c d "Economic performance of Australia's cities and regions" (PDF), sgsep.com.au
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