贏

See also: 赢

贏 U+8D0F, 贏 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8D0F ← 贎 [U+8D0E] CJK Unified Ideographs 贐 → [U+8D10]

Translingual

Han character

贏 (Kangxi radical 154, 貝+13, 20 strokes, cangjie input 卜弓月山金 (YNBUC) or 卜口月月弓 (YRBBN), four-corner 0021₇, composition ⿵𣎆貝)

Derived characters

• 灜, 籯

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1212, character 33
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 36950
• Dae Jaweon: page 1679, character 5
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2125, character 2
• Unihan data for U+8D0F

Chinese

trad.		贏
simp.		赢
2nd round simp.		⿱夃𠀃
alternative forms		𦢼 ⿱夃𠀃 2nd round simp. (1977) ⿱亡⿵𠘨贝 2nd round simp. (1981)

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 贏
Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (贏) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
嬴	*leŋ
瀛	*leŋ
籝	*leŋ
贏	*leŋ
攍	*leŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *leŋ) : phonetic 𣎆 () + semantic 貝 (“cowry; money”).

Etymology

Despite STEDT, probably not related to 盈 (OC *leŋ, “to fill; full, surplus”), in light of Baxter and Sagart's reconstruction of the Old Chinese pronunciation. Instead, note similarities to Proto-Lolo-Burmese *ʔoŋ¹ (“to win, complete”), whence Burmese အောင် (aung, “to be victorious”).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): yíng (ying²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄧㄥˊ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): yin²

  (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): йин (yin, I)

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): jeng⁴ / jing⁴

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): yiang³ / yen³

• Gan (Wiktionary): iang⁴
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): yàng

  (Meixian, Guangdong): yang²

• Jin (Wiktionary): ing¹
• Northern Min (KCR): ia̿ng
• Eastern Min (BUC): iàng / ìng
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): iâⁿ / êng

  (Teochew, Peng'im): ian⁵

  (Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): ia⁵ / ying⁵

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶yin
• Xiang

  (Changsha, Wiktionary): in²

  (Loudi, Wiktionary): nionn²

  (Hengyang, Wiktionary): ian²

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yíng
    • Zhuyin: ㄧㄥˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yíng
    • Wade–Giles: ying²
    • Yale: yíng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yng
    • Palladius: ин (in)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /iŋ³⁵/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: yin²
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: in
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /in²¹/
  • (Dungan)
    • Cyrillic and Wiktionary: йин (yin, I)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /iŋ²⁴/

    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: jeng⁴ / jing⁴
    • Yale: yèhng / yìhng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jeng⁴ / jing⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: yéng⁴ / ying⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɛːŋ²¹/, /jɪŋ²¹/

Note:

• jeng4 - vernacular;
• jing4 - literary.

• (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  • Wiktionary: yiang³ / yen³
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jiaŋ²²/, /jen²²/

Note:

• yiang3 - vernacular;
• yen3 - literary.

• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: iang⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /iaŋ³⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yàng
    • Hakka Romanization System: iang^ˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: yang²
    • Sinological IPA: /i̯aŋ¹¹/
  • (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yàng
    • Hakka Romanization System: (r)iang^ˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: yang²
    • Sinological IPA: /(j)i̯aŋ¹¹/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: yang²
    • Sinological IPA: /iaŋ¹¹/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: ing¹
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /ĩŋ¹¹/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ia̿ng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /iaŋ³³/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: iàng / ìng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /iaŋ⁵³/, /iŋ⁵³/

Note:

• iàng - vernacular;
• ìng - literary.

• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iâⁿ / êng
    • Tâi-lô: iânn / îng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: viaa, eeng
    • IPA (Xiamen): /iã²⁴/, /iɪŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /iã²⁴/, /iɪŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /iã¹³/, /iɪŋ¹³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /iã²⁴/, /iɪŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /iã²³/, /iɪŋ²³/

Note:

• iâⁿ - vernacular;
• êng - literary.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: ian⁵
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: iâⁿ
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ĩã⁵⁵/
• (Leizhou)
  • Leizhou Pinyin: ia⁵ / ying⁵
  • Sinological IPA: /ia²²/, /ziŋ²²/

Note:

• ia5 - vernacular;
• ying5 - literary.

• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁶yin
    • MiniDict: yin^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³hhin
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɦin²³/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: in²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /in¹³/
  • (Loudi)
    • Wiktionary: nionn²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ni̯ɔ̃¹³/
  • (Hengyang)
    • Wiktionary: ian²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /i̯an¹¹/

---

• Middle Chinese: yeng

Rime
Character	贏
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	以 (36)
Final (韻)	清 (121)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	以成切
Baxter	yeng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/jiᴇŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/jiɛŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/iæŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/jiajŋ/
Li Rong	/iɛŋ/
Wang Li	/jĭɛŋ/
Bernhard Karlgren	/i̯ɛŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yíng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jing4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɢ]eŋ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*leŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	贏
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yíng
Middle Chinese	‹ yeng ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɢ]eŋ/
English	profit; surplus
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	贏
Reading #	1/1
No.	15396
Phonetic component	贏
Rime group	耕
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	盈
Old Chinese	/*leŋ/
Notes	贏利與蠃（蛞蝓）伸展其身同稱贏

Definitions

贏

1. to win; to triumph; to be victorious
2. to beat; to defeat (someone); to triumph over
3. to make a profit
   • Basic Law of the Macao Special Administrative Region, Article 49 (excerpt):

     澳門特別行政區行政長官在任職期內不得具有外國居留權，不得從事私人贏利活動。 [MSC, trad.]
     澳门特别行政区行政长官在任职期内不得具有外国居留权，不得从事私人赢利活动。 [MSC, simp.]

     Àomén tèbiéxíngzhèngqū xíngzhèngchángguān zài rènzhí qī nèi bùdé jùyǒu wàiguó jūliúquán, bùdé cóngshì sīrén yínglì huódòng. [Pinyin]

     The Chief Executive of the Macao Special Administrative Region, during his or her term of office, shall have no right of abode in any foreign country and shall not engage in any activities for his or her personal gains.

4. (Gan, Xiang) Used with 不 or 得 to express capability.

   Synonym: 來／来 (lái)

Synonyms

• (to win): 獲勝／获胜 (huòshèng)

Antonyms

• (antonym(s) of “to win”): 輸／输 (shū)

See also

• 勝／胜 (shèng)

Compounds

• 不見輸贏／不见输赢
• 共贏／共赢 (gòngyíng)
• 執贏／执赢
• 大贏家／大赢家
• 奇贏／奇赢
• 打贏／打赢 (dǎyíng)
• 操奇計贏／操奇计赢
• 時絀舉贏／时绌举赢
• 獨贏／独赢
• 讀贏／读赢
• 買贏／买赢
• 贏利／赢利 (yínglì)
• 贏利幅度／赢利幅度
• 贏利年度／赢利年度
• 贏利率／赢利率
• 贏利稅／赢利税
• 贏利能力／赢利能力
• 贏利表／赢利表
• 贏勾／赢勾
• 贏取／赢取 (yíngqǔ)
• 贏姦賣俏／赢奸卖俏
• 贏家／赢家 (yíngjiā)
• 贏得／赢得 (yíngdé)
• 贏手／赢手
• 贏糧／赢粮
• 贏縮／赢缩
• 贏錢／赢钱
• 贏面／赢面 (yíngmiàn)
• 贏餘／赢余 (yíngyú)
• 輸贏／输赢 (shūyíng)
• 連贏／连赢
• 錬贏／𲇷赢
• 雙贏／双赢 (shuāngyíng)
• 雙贏局面／双赢局面
• 非贏利／非赢利
• 非贏利組織／非赢利组织

 

Japanese

Kanji

贏

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. to contented
2. to win; to triumph
3. to gain (profit)
4. remainder

Readings

• On (unclassified): えい (ei)
• Kun: かつ (katsu)、あまり (amari)

Korean

Hanja

贏 • (yeong) (hangeul 영, McCune–Reischauer yŏng, Yale yeng)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

贏: Hán Nôm readings: doanh

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• Nom Foundation