弔

See also: 弓, 弖, and 吊

弔 U+5F14, 弔 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5F14 ← 弓 [U+5F13] CJK Unified Ideographs 引 → [U+5F15]

Translingual

Han character

弔 (Kangxi radical 57, 弓+1, 4 strokes, cangjie input 弓中 (NL) or 難弓中 (XNL), four-corner 1752₇, composition ⿻弓丨)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 356, character 7
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 9698
• Dae Jaweon: page 671, character 27
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 989, character 1
• Unihan data for U+5F14

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 弔
Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (弔) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
盄	*tjiw
弔	*tiːwɢ
伄	*tiːwɢs

A man over an arrow tied to a silk thread; the original meaning was "shooting arrows to birds and wild beasts". In the modern version, the man on top has disappeared. A conservative variant is 𢎣.

Etymology 1

For pronunciation and definitions of 弔 – see 吊 (“to condole; to mourn; to pity; to hang; etc.”). (This character is a variant form of 吊).

Etymology 2

simp. and trad.		弔

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): dì (di⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄉㄧˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): dik¹

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: dì
    • Zhuyin: ㄉㄧˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: dì
    • Wade–Giles: ti⁴
    • Yale: dì
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dih
    • Palladius: ди (di)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ti⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: dik¹
    • Yale: dīk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dik⁷
    • Guangdong Romanization: dig¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɪk̚⁵/

---

• Middle Chinese: tek

Rime
Character	弔
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	端 (5)
Final (韻)	錫 (127)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	都歷切
Baxter	tek
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/tek̚/
Pan Wuyun	/tek̚/
Shao Rongfen	/tɛk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/tɛjk̚/
Li Rong	/tek̚/
Wang Li	/tiek̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/tiek̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	di
Expected Cantonese Reflex	dik1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*tˤ[i]wk/

  (Zhengzhang): /*tiːwɢ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	弔
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	diào
Middle Chinese	‹ tek ›
Old Chinese	/*tˁ[i]wk/
English	arrive
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	弔
Reading #	1/1
No.	2363
Phonetic component	弔
Rime group	覺
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	的
Old Chinese	/*tiːwɢ/

Definitions

弔

1. ^† to reach; to arrive
2. ^† good

Japanese

Kanji

弔

(Jōyō kanji)

1. condolences

Readings

• Go-on: ちょう (chō, Jōyō)^{←てう (teu, historical)}
• Kan-on: ちょう (chō, Jōyō)^{←てう (teu, historical)}
• Kun: とむらう (tomurau, 弔う, Jōyō)、とぶらう (toburau, 弔う)、つる (tsuru)

Korean

Hanja

弔 • (jo, jeok) (hangeul 조, 적, revised jo, jeok, McCune–Reischauer cho, chŏk, Yale co, cek)

1. to condole, to mourn, to pity
2. to hang

Vietnamese

Han character

弔: Hán Nôm readings: điếu

1. to condole; to mourn
2. (obsolete) to hang