壘

See also: 垒, and 塁

壘 U+58D8, 壘 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-58D8 ← 壗 [U+58D7] CJK Unified Ideographs 壙 → [U+58D9]

壘 U+F94A, 壘 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F94A ← 雷 [U+F949] CJK Compatibility Ideographs 屢 → [U+F94B]

Translingual

Traditional	壘
Shinjitai	塁
Simplified	垒

Han character

壘 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+15, 18 strokes, cangjie input 田田田土 (WWWG), four-corner 6010₄, composition ⿱畾土)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 241, character 24
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5574
• Dae Jaweon: page 481, character 15
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 498, character 3
• Unihan data for U+58D8

• Unihan data for U+F94A

Chinese

trad.		壘
simp.		垒
2nd round simp.		厽

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (畾) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
摞	*roːl, *roːls
騾	*roːl
螺	*roːl
蔂	*roːl, *rul
虆	*roːl, *rul
瘰	*roːlʔ
礌	*ruːl, *ruːls
雷	*ruːl
擂	*ruːl, *ruːls
攂	*ruːl, *ruːls
礧	*ruːll, *ruːlʔ, *ruːls
儡	*ruːl, *ruːlʔ, *ruːls
瓃	*ruːl, *rul, *ruls
櫑	*ruːl, *ruːlʔ
鑘	*ruːl, *ruːlʔ
鐳	*ruːl
畾	*ruːl
轠	*ruːl, *rulʔ
罍	*ruːl
蕾	*ruːlʔ
癗	*ruːlʔ
磥	*ruːlʔ
累	*ruːls, *rolʔ, *rols
儽	*ruːls, *rul
樏	*rolʔ, *rul
鸓	*rul, *rulʔ
嫘	*rul
纍	*rul, *ruls
欙	*rul
纝	*rul
壘	*rulʔ
櫐	*rulʔ
蘽	*rulʔ
藟	*rulʔ
讄	*rulʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *rulʔ) : phonetic 畾 (OC *ruːl) + semantic 土 (“dirt”)

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): lěi (lei³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄌㄟˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): leoi⁵
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): lúi

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: lěi
    • Zhuyin: ㄌㄟˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: lěi
    • Wade–Giles: lei³
    • Yale: lěi
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: leei
    • Palladius: лэй (lɛj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /leɪ̯²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: leoi⁵
    • Yale: léuih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: loey⁵
    • Guangdong Romanization: lêu⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lɵy̯¹³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lúi
    • Tâi-lô: luí
    • Phofsit Daibuun: luie
    • IPA (Xiamen): /lui⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /lui⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /lui⁵³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /lui⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /lui⁴¹/

---

• Middle Chinese: lwijX

Rime
Character	壘
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	脂 (16)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	力軌切
Baxter	lwijX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/liuɪX/
Pan Wuyun	/lʷiX/
Shao Rongfen	/ljuɪX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/lwiX/
Li Rong	/luiX/
Wang Li	/lwiX/
Bernhard Karlgren	/lwiX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	lěi
Expected Cantonese Reflex	leoi5

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[r]ujʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*rulʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	壘
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	lěi
Middle Chinese	‹ lwijX ›
Old Chinese	/*[r]ujʔ/
English	entrenchments
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	壘
Reading #	1/1
No.	7746
Phonetic component	畾
Rime group	微
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	壘
Old Chinese	/*rulʔ/

Definitions

壘

1. rampart; military wall

   堡壘／堡垒  ―  bǎolěi  ―  fortress

2. (baseball) base

   全壘打／全垒打  ―  quánlěidǎ  ―  home run

   盜壘／盗垒  ―  dàolěi  ―  to steal a base

3. to pile up

Compounds

• 全壘打／全垒打 (quánlěidǎ)
• 四郊多壘／四郊多垒
• 地壘／地垒
• 堡壘／堡垒 (bǎolěi)
• 壁壘／壁垒 (bìlěi)
• 壁壘分明／壁垒分明
• 壁壘森嚴／壁垒森严 (bìlěisēnyán)
• 壘包／垒包
• 壘塊／垒块
• 壘塹／垒堑
• 壘壘／垒垒
• 壘球／垒球 (lěiqiú)
• 壘砌／垒砌 (lěiqì)
• 壘窠兒／垒窠儿
• 對壘／对垒 (duìlěi)
• 故壘／故垒
• 本壘／本垒 (běnlěi)
• 深溝堅壘／深沟坚垒
• 深溝高壘／深沟高垒 (shēngōugāolěi)
• 溝壘／沟垒
• 滑壘／滑垒
• 滿壘／满垒
• 炮壘／炮垒
• 營壘／营垒 (yínglěi)
• 玉壘山／玉垒山
• 盜壘／盗垒 (dàolěi)
• 空中堡壘／空中堡垒
• 臨軍對壘／临军对垒
• 街壘／街垒
• 跑壘／跑垒
• 酒澆壘塊／酒浇垒块
• 關稅壁壘／关税壁垒
• 食壘／食垒
• 高壁深壘／高壁深垒
• 高壘深塹／高垒深堑 (gāolěishēnqiàn)
• 高壘深壁／高垒深壁 (gāolěishēnbì)
• 高壘深溝／高垒深沟 (gāolěishēngōu)
• 魁壘／魁垒 (kuílěi)

 

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): lǜ (lü⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄌㄩˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): leot⁶

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: lǜ
    • Zhuyin: ㄌㄩˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: lyù
    • Wade–Giles: lü⁴
    • Yale: lyù
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: liuh
    • Palladius: люй (ljuj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ly⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: leot⁶
    • Yale: leuht
    • Cantonese Pinyin: loet⁹
    • Guangdong Romanization: lêd⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lɵt̚²/

Definitions

壘

1. Only used in 鬱壘／郁垒 (Yùlǜ).

Compounds

• 神荼鬱壘／神荼郁垒
• 荼壘／荼垒 (Shūlǜ)
• 鬱壘／郁垒 (Yùlǜ)

 

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): léi (lei²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄌㄟˊ

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: léi
    • Zhuyin: ㄌㄟˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: léi
    • Wade–Giles: lei²
    • Yale: léi
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lei
    • Palladius: лэй (lɛj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /leɪ̯³⁵/

Definitions

壘

1. Used in 磈壘／磈垒.
2. Alternative form of 纍／累 (léi)
3. Alternative form of 蘲 (léi)

Etymology 4

For pronunciation and definitions of 壘 – see 礧 (“to strike; to hit; to ram; uneven; not smooth; rough; etc.”). (This character is a variant form of 礧).

References

• “壘”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Shinjitai	塁
Kyūjitai	壘

Kanji

壘

(Jinmeiyō kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 塁)

Readings

• On (unclassified): るい (rui)
• Kun: とりで (toride, 壘)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
壘
るい Jinmeiyō
on'yomi

See 塁.

Noun

壘(るい) • (rui) 

1. Kyūjitai form of 塁

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 壘 (MC lwijX). Recorded as Middle Korean 류〯 (lyǔ) (Yale: lyu) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Wikisource

壘 (eumhun 진 루 (jin ru), word-initial (South Korea) 진 누 (jin nu))

1. hanja form^? of 루/누 (“rampart”)
2. hanja form^? of 루/누 (“(baseball) base”)

Compounds

Compounds

• 성루 (城壘, seongnu)
• 보루 (堡壘, boru)
• 주루 (走壘, juru)
• 누수 (壘手, nusu)
• 도루 (盜壘, doru)
• 누상 (壘上, nusang)
• 일루 (一壘, illu)
• 일루수 (一壘手, illusu)
• 일루타 (一壘打, illuta)
• 이루 (二壘, iru)
• 이루수 (二壘手, irusu)
• 이루타 (二壘打, iruta)
• 삼루 (三壘, samnu)
• 삼루수 (三壘手, samnusu)
• 삼루타 (三壘打, samnuta)
• 출루 (出壘, chullu)
• 출루율 (出壘率, chulluyul)
• 만루 (滿壘, mallu)
• 본루 (本壘, bollu)
• 본루타 (本壘打, bolluta)
• 진루 (進壘, jillu)
• 진루타 (進壘打, jilluta)
• 잔루 (殘壘, jallu)
• 잔루율 (殘壘率, jalluyul)

References

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]

Vietnamese

Han character

壘: Hán Nôm readings: lũy/luỹ

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.