virid

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English

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WOTD – 23 May 2023

Etymology 1

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The Asian vine snake or Oriental whip snake (Ahaetulla prasina) is often of a virid shade.

From Middle English viride (“verdigris”, adjective, noun) [and other forms][1] + English -id (suffix meaning ‘of or pertaining to’ forming adjectives and nouns). Viride is borrowed from Latin viridis (“green; (figuratively) fresh; lively; young, youthful”),[2][3] from vireō (“to be green or verdant; to sprout new green growth; to flourish; to be lively or vigorous”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *weys- (“to procreate; to produce; to increase; to raise”). Doublet of verdant and vert.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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virid (comparative more virid, superlative most virid)

  1. (literary, poetic) Green, verdant.
    • 1600, [Torquato Tasso], “The Twelfth Booke of Godfrey of Bulloigne”, in Edward Fairefax [i.e., Edward Fairfax], transl., Godfrey of Bulloigne, or The Recouerie of Ierusalem. […], London: […] Ar[nold] Hatfield, for I[saac] Iaggard and M[atthew] Lownes, →OCLC, stanza 94, page 231:
      Her tombe vvas not of viride Spartane greet, / Nor yet by cunning hand of Scopas vvrought, / But built of poliſht ſtone, and thereon laid / The liuely ſhape and purtrait of the maid.
    • 1758, [James Macpherson], The Highlander: […], Edinburgh: […] Wal[ter] Ruddiman jun. and Company, →OCLC, canto IV, page 52:
      The palace here, and there a virid mound, / Confine a flow'ry ſpot of graſſy ground.
    • 1921 October, James Branch Cabell, “The Story of the Satraps”, in Chivalry: Dizain des Reines, revised edition, New York, N.Y.: Robert M[edill] McBride & Company, page 170:
      Virid fields would heave brownly under their ploughs; they would find that with practice it was almost as easy to chuckle as it was to cringe.
    • 1977, Angela Carter, chapter 2, in The Passion of New Eve, London: Virago Press, published 1992, →ISBN, page 13:
      His protuberant eyeballs were veined with red like certain kinds of rare marble. He urged me to meditate upon the virid line of the whirling universe.
    • 1985, Paul U[lrich] Unschuld, “[Appendix: Primary Texts in Translation] Chu-ping yüan hou lun”, in Medicine in China: A History of Ideas (Comparative Studies of Health Systems and Medical Care), Berkeley, Los Angeles, Calif., London: University of California Press, →ISBN, section 3.1 (Symptomatology of [the Illness] “Hit-by-Wind”), page 297:
      When the liver has been struck by wind, the victim desires only to squat down and is unable even to lower his head. If the skin around the eyes and on the forehead has taken on a slightly virid hue, the lips have turned virid, and the face yellow, treatment is still possible. […] If, however, the color is a deeply virid or even black and if the face is sometimes yellow and sometimes white, the liver has already suffered irreparable harm.
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Translations
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Noun

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virid (uncountable)

  1. (literary, poetic, rare) A green colour.
    • 1951, Doris Mary Stenton, “Annotations”, in English Society in the Early Middle Ages ‹1066–1307›, 2nd edition, Harmondsworth, Middlesex [London]: Penguin Books, published 1959, →OCLC, footnote 29, page 276:
      In January 1208 the king ordered for a chaplain a robe of virid or burnet with a hood of coney skin 'like our other chaplains', […]
    • 1980, Joseph Needham, edited by Ho Ping-Yu, Science and Civilisation in China, volume 5, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN:
      As to the regulation of the fire, if it is too hot the colour of the flowers will be yellow; if it is too cold the colour of the flowers will be virid or purple […].
    • 1994, Paul U[lrich] Unschuld, “Diagnosis”, in Learn to Read Chinese: An Introduction to the Language and Concepts of Current Zhongyi Literature, volume 1 (Texts, Transcription, Vocabulary, Translations), Brookline, Mass.: Paradigm Publications, →ISBN, page 249:
      To inspect (a patient's) color includes (an examination) of the skin of (his/her) face and of the entire body. (Among the colors) the five types of virid, red, yellow, white, and black are distinguished; […]
    • 2013, Coleman Barks, “The VOICE inside WATER”, in Hummingbird Sleep: Poems, 2009-2011, Athens, Ga.: University of Georgia Press, →ISBN, footnote 5, page 82:
      I am drawn to the eccentric color words, which need, and often defy, definition. […] virid, a dangerously alive green; […]
Translations
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See also
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Etymology 2

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PIE word
*wisós

Either:

Pronunciation

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Noun

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virid (plural virids)

  1. (virology, chiefly in the plural) Any of a group of related viruses.
Translations
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References

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  1. ^ “viride, n. and adj.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
  2. ^ “virid, adj.”, in OED Online Paid subscription required⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, September 2022.
  3. ^ “virid, adj.”, in Dictionary.com Unabridged, Dictionary.com, LLC, 1995–present, reproduced from Stuart Berg Flexner, editor in chief, Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2nd edition, New York, N.Y.: Random House, 1993, →ISBN.

Further reading

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