vaco

See also: vacò

Catalan

Verb

vaco

1. first-person singular present indicative of vacar

Italian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈva.ko/
• Rhymes: -ako
• Hyphenation: và‧co

Verb

vaco

1. first-person singular present indicative of vacare

Anagrams

• cavo, cavò, cova, voca

Latin

Alternative forms

• voco (in mss. of Plautus)

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *wakos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁weh₂- (“to lack; empty”). The form in vo- possibly from vocīvus, shifted in pretonic syllable.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈu̯a.koː/, [ˈu̯äkoː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈva.ko/, [ˈväːko]

Verb

vacō (present infinitive vacāre, perfect active vacāvī, supine vacātum); first conjugation

1. to be empty, void
2. to be unoccupied, vacant
3. to be idle, at leisure [with dative]

   Synonyms: langueō, dēsideō, iaceō, cessō, resideō, sileō, conquiēscō

   Philosophiae vacat.

   He has leisure for philosophy.

4. to be free to attend, have time, not be under other obligation

Conjugation

Conjugation of vacō (first conjugation)
indicative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	vacō	vacās	vacat	vacāmus	vacātis	vacant
	imperfect	vacābam	vacābās	vacābat	vacābāmus	vacābātis	vacābant
	future	vacābō	vacābis	vacābit	vacābimus	vacābitis	vacābunt
	perfect	vacāvī	vacāvistī, vacāstī1	vacāvit, vacāt1	vacāvimus, vacāmus1	vacāvistis, vacāstis1	vacāvērunt, vacāvēre, vacārunt1
	pluperfect	vacāveram, vacāram1	vacāverās, vacārās1	vacāverat, vacārat1	vacāverāmus, vacārāmus1	vacāverātis, vacārātis1	vacāverant, vacārant1
	future perfect	vacāverō, vacārō1	vacāveris, vacāris1	vacāverit, vacārit1	vacāverimus, vacārimus1	vacāveritis, vacāritis1	vacāverint, vacārint1
passive	present	vacor	vacāris, vacāre	vacātur	vacāmur	vacāminī	vacantur
	imperfect	vacābar	vacābāris, vacābāre	vacābātur	vacābāmur	vacābāminī	vacābantur
	future	vacābor	vacāberis, vacābere	vacābitur	vacābimur	vacābiminī	vacābuntur
	perfect	vacātus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	vacātus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	vacātus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	vacem	vacēs	vacet	vacēmus	vacētis	vacent
	imperfect	vacārem	vacārēs	vacāret	vacārēmus	vacārētis	vacārent
	perfect	vacāverim, vacārim1	vacāverīs, vacārīs1	vacāverit, vacārit1	vacāverīmus, vacārīmus1	vacāverītis, vacārītis1	vacāverint, vacārint1
	pluperfect	vacāvissem, vacāssem1	vacāvissēs, vacāssēs1	vacāvisset, vacāsset1	vacāvissēmus, vacāssēmus1	vacāvissētis, vacāssētis1	vacāvissent, vacāssent1
passive	present	vacer	vacēris, vacēre	vacētur	vacēmur	vacēminī	vacentur
	imperfect	vacārer	vacārēris, vacārēre	vacārētur	vacārēmur	vacārēminī	vacārentur
	perfect	vacātus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	vacātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	vacā	—	—	vacāte	—
	future	—	vacātō	vacātō	—	vacātōte	vacantō
passive	present	—	vacāre	—	—	vacāminī	—
	future	—	vacātor	vacātor	—	—	vacantor
non-finite forms		active			passive
		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		vacāre	vacāvisse, vacāsse1	vacātūrum esse	vacārī	vacātum esse	vacātum īrī
participles		vacāns	—	vacātūrus	—	vacātus	vacandus
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		genitive	dative	accusative	ablative	accusative	ablative
		vacandī	vacandō	vacandum	vacandō	vacātum	vacātū

¹At least one rare poetic syncopated perfect form is attested.

Derived terms

• supervacāneus
• vacāns
• vacantia
• vocīvus, vacīvus
• Vacūna
• vacuus, vocuus

Related terms

• vacuitās
• vacuō

Descendants

• Aromanian: dizvoc
• ⇒ Romanian: dehoca, devoca; >? desfăca
• Sardinian: bogare, ⇒ debogada
• Sicilian: vacari
• Neapolitan: vacare (Calabrian)
• Italian: vacare
• Occitan: bagà (Gascon)
• ⇒ Occitan: desboucà
• Old French: voiier
• Catalan: vagar
• Galician: vagar
• Portuguese: vagar
• Spanish: vacar
• → English: vacate
• → Esperanto: vaki
• → French: vaquer
• → Portuguese: vacar

References

• De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “vacō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 649
• Weiss, Michael L. (2009) Outline of the Historical and Comparative Grammar of Latin‎^[1], Ann Arbor: Beech Stave Press, →ISBN, page 141

Further reading

• “vaco”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “vaco”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• vaco in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• vaco in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[2], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to be free from business: negotiis vacare
    
  • to be free from blame: culpa carere, vacare
    

Neapolitan

Alternative forms

• vao

Etymology

From the older (and still regionally used) vao, from Latin vādō.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈvake/, [ˈvɑː.kə]
• Rhymes: -akə

Verb

vaco

1. first-person singular present indicative of jí

References

• AIS: Sprach- und Sachatlas Italiens und der Südschweiz [Linguistic and Ethnographic Atlas of Italy and Southern Switzerland] – map 822: “vo a comprare” – on navigais-web.pd.istc.cnr.it

Portuguese

Verb

vaco

1. first-person singular present indicative of vacar

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbako/ [ˈba.ko]
• Rhymes: -ako
• Syllabification: va‧co

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Latin vacuus.

Adjective

vaco (feminine vaca, masculine plural vacos, feminine plural vacas)

1. (formal) vacant; blank

Derived terms

• pájaro vaco

 

Etymology 2

Masculine variant of vaca (“cow”).

Noun

vaco m (plural vacos)

1. (colloquial) bull

Etymology 3

Verb

vaco

1. first-person singular present indicative of vacar

Further reading

• “vaco”, in Diccionario de la lengua española (in Spanish), online version 23.7, Royal Spanish Academy, 2023 November 28