rapar

Galician

Alternative forms

• arrapar

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese rapar (“to shave”) (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), probably from Gothic *𐌷𐍂𐌰𐍀𐍉𐌽 (*hrapōn), from Proto-Germanic *hrapōną (“to scrape”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kreb- (“to turn; to touch”). Doublet of rafar.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /raˈpaɾ/

Verb

rapar (first-person singular present rapo, first-person singular preterite rapei, past participle rapado)

1. to shave

   Synonyms: afeitar, barbear, pelar, rasurar

2. to shear

   Synonym: tosquiar

3. to scrape together dough

   Synonyms: raspar, ripar

4. to level (with the brim)

   Synonyms: rasar, rebolar

   • 1412, José García Oro, editor, Galicia en la Baja Edad Media. Iglesia, señorío y nobleza, Santiago: Bibliófilos Gallegos, page 238:

     que page por esta medida cada lavrador que labrar con dous boys des e oyto medidas arrapadas e o que lavrar con huun boy nove medidas et o que lavrar con amarra tres medidas

     each peasant should pay by this measure: the one ploughing with two oxen, eighteen levelled measures; the one ploughing with one, nine measures; the one ploughing with a hoe, three

5. to snatch
   • 1814, Manuel Pardo de Andrade, Aos coruñeses:

     En certa aldea traballou o ano pasado certo labrador certa porcion de terra: chegada a recolleita foi a segar, e colleu vinte pares de monllos, deles pagou o señor cura duos pares do desmo, pagou nove o señor amo; logo veu o señor cura, e rapoulle cinco polas toucas, quedaronlle catro, mallounos, e non lle deron un ferrado

     in certain village last year certain farmer farmed certain apportion of land: as the harvest came he went to reap; he collected twenty pairs of sheaves; of them he paid two pairs to the priest for the tithe, nine he paid to the landlord; then the priest came again and snatched five for the ecclesiastical services; he was left with four; he threshed them and obtained less than half a bushel

Conjugation

    Conjugation of rapar

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti)	Third-person (el / ela / Vde.)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / Vdes.)
Infinitive
Impersonal	rapar
Personal	rapar	rapares	rapar	raparmos	rapardes	raparen
Gerund
	rapando
Past participle
Masculine	rapado			rapados
Feminine	rapada			rapadas
Indicative
Present	rapo	rapas	rapa	rapamos	rapades	rapan
Imperfect	rapaba	rapabas	rapaba	rapabamos	rapabades	rapaban
Preterite	rapei	rapaches	rapou	rapamos	rapastes	raparon
Pluperfect	rapara	raparas	rapara	raparamos	raparades	raparan
Future	raparei	raparás	rapará	raparemos	raparedes	raparán
Conditional	raparía	raparías	raparía	rapariamos	rapariades	raparían
Subjunctive
Present	rape	rapes	rape	rapemos	rapedes	rapen
Imperfect	rapase	rapases	rapase	rapásemos	rapásedes	rapasen
Future	rapar	rapares	rapar	raparmos	rapardes	raparen
Imperative
Affirmative		rapa	rape	rapemos	rapade	rapen
Negative (non)		non rapes	non rape	non rapemos	non rapedes	non rapen

    Reintegrated conjugation of rapar (See Appendix:Reintegrationism)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti / tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	rapar
Personal	rapar	rapares	rapar	raparmos	rapardes	raparem
Gerund
	rapando
Past participle
Masculine	rapado			rapados
Feminine	rapada			rapadas
Indicative
Present	rapo	rapas	rapa	rapamos	rapades, rapais	rapam
Imperfect	rapava	rapavas	rapava	rapávamos	rapávades, rapáveis, rapávais1	rapavam
Preterite	rapei	rapaste, rapache1	rapou	rapamos	rapastes	rapárom, raparam
Pluperfect	rapara	raparas	rapara	rapáramos	rapárades, rapáreis, rapárais1	raparam
Future	raparei	raparás	rapará	raparemos	raparedes, rapareis	raparám, raparão
Conditional	raparia	raparias	raparia	raparíamos	raparíades, raparíeis, raparíais1	rapariam
Subjunctive
Present	rape	rapes	rape	rapemos	rapedes, rapeis	rapem
Imperfect	rapasse	rapasses	rapasse	rapássemos	rapássedes, rapásseis	rapassem
Future	rapar	rapares	rapar	raparmos	rapardes	raparem
Imperative
Affirmative		rapa	rape	rapemos	rapade, rapai	rapem
Negative (nom)		nom rapes	nom rape	nom rapemos	nom rapedes, nom rapeis	nom rapem

¹Less recommended.

Derived terms

• rapa
• rapa das bestas
• rapaconas
• rapacús
• rapada
• rapadoira
• rapante

 

References

• Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “rapar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “rapa”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “rapar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “rapar”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “rapar”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

Portuguese

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese rapar (“to shave”), from Gothic *𐌷𐍂𐌰𐍀𐍉𐌽 (*hrapōn), from Proto-Germanic *hrapōną (“to scrape”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kreb- (“to turn; to touch”).

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ʁaˈpa(ʁ)/ [haˈpa(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ʁaˈpa(ʁ)/ [haˈpa(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /ʁaˈpa(ɾ)/ [haˈpa(ɾ)]
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /ʁaˈpa(ʁ)/ [χaˈpa(χ)]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /ʁaˈpa(ɻ)/ [haˈpa(ɻ)]

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ʁɐˈpaɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ʁɐˈpaɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /ʁɐˈpa.ɾi/

• (Brazil) Homophone: rapá

Verb

rapar (first-person singular present rapo, first-person singular preterite rapei, past participle rapado)

1. to shave (remove hair completely)

   Rapei minha barba e meu cabelo. ― I shaved my beard and my hair.

   Synonym: raspar

2. to scrape (draw a blade along a surface)

   Synonym: raspar

3. (figurative) to eat everything from a plate or pan

   Estava com tanta fome que rapou a panela. ― He was so hungry that he emptied the pan.

Conjugation

    Conjugation of rapar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	rapar
Personal	rapar	rapares	rapar	raparmos	rapardes	raparem
Gerund
	rapando
Past participle
Masculine	rapado			rapados
Feminine	rapada			rapadas
Indicative
Present	rapo	rapas	rapa	rapamos	rapais	rapam
Imperfect	rapava	rapavas	rapava	rapávamos	rapáveis	rapavam
Preterite	rapei	rapaste	rapou	rapamos1, rapámos2	rapastes	raparam
Pluperfect	rapara	raparas	rapara	rapáramos	rapáreis	raparam
Future	raparei	raparás	rapará	raparemos	rapareis	raparão
Conditional	raparia	raparias	raparia	raparíamos	raparíeis	rapariam
Subjunctive
Present	rape	rapes	rape	rapemos	rapeis	rapem
Imperfect	rapasse	rapasses	rapasse	rapássemos	rapásseis	rapassem
Future	rapar	rapares	rapar	raparmos	rapardes	raparem
Imperative
Affirmative		rapa	rape	rapemos	rapai	rapem
Negative (não)		não rapes	não rape	não rapemos	não rapeis	não rapem

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.

Spanish

Etymology

From Gothic *𐌷𐍂𐌰𐍀𐍉𐌽 (*hrapōn, “to pull out”), from Proto-Germanic *hrapōną (“to seize”).

Cognate with Middle High German raffen, Dutch rapen, English rap.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /raˈpaɾ/ [raˈpaɾ]
• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Syllabification: ra‧par

Verb

rapar (first-person singular present rapo, first-person singular preterite rapé, past participle rapado)

1. to shave hair (on someone's head)
2. (colloquial, Spain) to shave a beard

   Synonym: afeitar

3. to crop
4. (colloquial) to rob, steal

   Synonyms: hurtar, robar

5. (Dominican Republic) to have sex

   Synonym: singar (Dominican Republic), joder

Conjugation

    Conjugation of rapar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			rapar
gerund			rapando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		rapado		rapada
		plural		rapados		rapadas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	rapo	rapastú rapásvos	rapa	rapamos	rapáis	rapan
	imperfect	rapaba	rapabas	rapaba	rapábamos	rapabais	rapaban
	preterite	rapé	rapaste	rapó	rapamos	rapasteis	raparon
	future	raparé	raparás	rapará	raparemos	raparéis	raparán
	conditional	raparía	raparías	raparía	raparíamos	raparíais	raparían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	rape	rapestú rapésvos2	rape	rapemos	rapéis	rapen
	imperfect (ra)	rapara	raparas	rapara	rapáramos	raparais	raparan
	imperfect (se)	rapase	rapases	rapase	rapásemos	rapaseis	rapasen
	future1	rapare	rapares	rapare	rapáremos	rapareis	raparen
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		rapatú rapávos	rape	rapemos	rapad	rapen
	negative		no rapes	no rape	no rapemos	no rapéis	no rapen

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of rapar

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive rapar
	dative	raparme	raparte	raparle, raparse	raparnos	raparos	raparles, raparse
	accusative	raparme	raparte	raparlo, raparla, raparse	raparnos	raparos	raparlos, raparlas, raparse
with gerund rapando
	dative	rapándome	rapándote	rapándole, rapándose	rapándonos	rapándoos	rapándoles, rapándose
	accusative	rapándome	rapándote	rapándolo, rapándola, rapándose	rapándonos	rapándoos	rapándolos, rapándolas, rapándose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative rapa
	dative	rápame	rápate	rápale	rápanos	not used	rápales
	accusative	rápame	rápate	rápalo, rápala	rápanos	not used	rápalos, rápalas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative rapá
	dative	rapame	rapate	rapale	rapanos	not used	rapales
	accusative	rapame	rapate	rapalo, rapala	rapanos	not used	rapalos, rapalas
with formal second-person singular imperative rape
	dative	rápeme	not used	rápele, rápese	rápenos	not used	rápeles
	accusative	rápeme	not used	rápelo, rápela, rápese	rápenos	not used	rápelos, rápelas
with first-person plural imperative rapemos
	dative	not used	rapémoste	rapémosle	rapémonos	rapémoos	rapémosles
	accusative	not used	rapémoste	rapémoslo, rapémosla	rapémonos	rapémoos	rapémoslos, rapémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative rapad
	dative	rapadme	not used	rapadle	rapadnos	rapaos	rapadles
	accusative	rapadme	not used	rapadlo, rapadla	rapadnos	rapaos	rapadlos, rapadlas
with formal second-person plural imperative rapen
	dative	rápenme	not used	rápenle	rápennos	not used	rápenles, rápense
	accusative	rápenme	not used	rápenlo, rápenla	rápennos	not used	rápenlos, rápenlas, rápense

Derived terms

• cabeza rapada

 

Related terms

• rape

 

Further reading

• “rapar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.7, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2023 November 28

Swedish

Noun

rapar

1. indefinite plural of rap

Verb

rapar

1. present indicative of rapa

Anagrams

• parar