al

See also: Appendix:Variations of "al"

Languages (66)

Translingual • English

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Afrikaans • Asturian • Azerbaijani • Basque • Breton • Catalan • Crimean Tatar • Danish • Dutch • Emilian • Epigraphic Mayan • Esperanto • Gagauz • Galician • Haitian Creole • Hani • Hungarian • Icelandic • Ido • Ingrian • Interlingua • Istriot • Italian • K'iche' • Ladin • Luxembourgish • Mandinka • Mauritian Creole • Michoacán Nahuatl • Middle Dutch • Middle English • Mokilese • Northern Kurdish • Norwegian Nynorsk • Occitan • Oirata • Old Dutch • Old English • Old French • Old High German • Old Norse • Old Saxon • Old Swedish • Picard • Polabian • Portuguese • Romanian • Saterland Frisian • Silesian • South Efate • Spanish • Sumau • Sumerian • Swedish • Tatar • Turkish • Turkmen • Venetan • Veps • Volapük • Watubela • West Flemish • West Frisian • Yola

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Page categories

Translingual

Alternative forms

• aL

Symbol

al

1. (metrology) Symbol for attoliter (attolitre), an SI unit of fluid measure equal to 10⁻¹⁸ liters (litres).

English

Etymology 1

From Hindi आल (āl).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /æl/, /ɑːl/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

• Audio (US):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -æl, -ɑːl

Noun

al (usually uncountable, plural als)

1. The Indian mulberry, Morinda citrifolia, especially as used to make dye.
   • For quotations using this term, see Citations:al.

Translations

Indian mulberry — see Indian mulberry

Etymology 2

Multiple parts of speech

al

1. Archaic form of all.
   • c. 1522 (date written), Thomas More, “A Treatyce (Vnfynyshed) vppon These Wordes of Holye Scrypture, Memorare Nouissima, & Ineternum non Peccabis, Remember the Last Thynges, and Thou shalt Neuer Synne. […]”, in Wyllyam Rastell [i.e., William Rastell], editor, The Workes of Sir Thomas More Knyght, […], London: […] Iohn Cawod, Iohn Waly, and Richarde Tottell, published 30 April 1557, →OCLC, book I, page 80, column 1:

     Now if ye felt your belly in ſuche caſe, that ye muſt be fayne al daye to tende it with warme clothes, oꝛ els ye were not able to abide the payne, would ye recken your belly ſicke oꝛ whole? I wene ye would recken your belly not in good quart.

References

• “al”, in The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 4th edition, Boston, Mass.: Houghton Mifflin, 2000, →ISBN.
• “al”, in Dictionary.com Unabridged, Dictionary.com, LLC, 1995–present.
• "al" in WordNet 2.0, Princeton University, 2003.

Anagrams

• L. A., L.A., LA, La, La-, La., la, lä

Afrikaans

Etymology

From Dutch al, from Middle Dutch al, from Old Dutch al, from Proto-West Germanic *all.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /al/

• Audio:

  (file)

Adverb

al

1. already

Adjective

al (attributive alle, not comparable)

1. all; every

Conjunction

al

1. even though, although

Asturian

Contraction

al m sg

1. Contraction of a el (“to the”).

Azerbaijani

Etymology 1

From Proto-Turkic *āl.

Adjective

al (comparative daha al, superlative ən al)

1. dark red, blood red, crimson

   Synonym: qırmızı

Etymology 2

Verb

al

1. second-person singular imperative of almaq

Further reading

• “al” in Obastan.com.

Basque

Etymology

A grammaticalization of ahal.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /al/ [al]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -al
• Hyphenation: al

Particle

al

1. Used to form yes/no questions.

   Esan al diozu? ― Did you tell her?

Usage notes

It is placed before the verb.

Further reading

• “al”, in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy], Euskaltzaindia
• “al”, in Orotariko Euskal Hiztegia [General Basque Dictionary], Euskaltzaindia, 1987–2005

Breton

Article

al

1. the

See also

• ar
• an

Catalan

Pronunciation

• (Central) IPA^(key): /əl/, [əɫ]
  • Homophone: el
• (Valencia) IPA^(key): /al/

Contraction

al m sg

1. Contraction of a el (“at the; to the”).

   Vaig al zoo. ― I go to the zoo.

Usage notes

When el contracts to l' before a vowel, al is not used:

Ens veurem a l'aeroport. ― We'll meet at the airport.

Further reading

• “al” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.

Crimean Tatar

Adjective

al

1. vermeil

Danish

Etymology

From Old Norse allr (“all”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /al/, [ˈælˀ]

Pronoun

al (neuter alt, plural alle)

1. all
2. any

Dutch

Etymology

From Middle Dutch al, from Old Dutch al, from Proto-West Germanic *all.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɑl/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: al
• Rhymes: -ɑl

Determiner

al

1. all, all of

   Heb je al het bier opgedronken? ― Did you drink all the beer?

   Van Gogh produceerde al zijn werk gedurende een periode van slechts tien jaar. ― Van Gogh produced all of his work during a period of only ten years.

   Alle olie is uit de tanker gelekt. ― All the oil has leaked out of the tanker.

   Niet alle mensen zijn zo gemeen. ― Not all people are that mean.

Declension

Declension of al
uninflected	al
inflected	alle
comparative	—
		positive
predicative/adverbial
indefinite	m./f. sing.	alle
	n. sing.	al
	plural	alle
definite		alle
partitive

Derived terms

• algemeen
• almacht
• altijd

 

Related terms

• alles

Descendants

• Afrikaans: al
• Jersey Dutch: ā, āl, ālle (from the inflected form)
• Negerhollands: al, alda
• → Aukan: ala
• → Sranan Tongo: ala

Adverb

al

1. already

   Het is al negen uur. ― It's 9 o'clock already.

2. yet

   Heb je al een kip gekocht? ― Have you bought a chicken yet?

3. (obsolete, today only in fixed phrases and compounds) emphatic modifier of adverbs

Derived terms

• al sinds
• aldaar
• aldus
• alhier
• allemaal
• alras
• althans
• alwaar
• alweer
• alzo
• meestal
• nogal
• veelal
• weeral

 

Related terms

• als

Descendants

• Petjo: al

Conjunction

al

1. even if

   Synonym: ook al

   Al zou ik het willen... ― Even if I wanted to...

Anagrams

• la

Emilian

Etymology

From Latin ille (“that”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /al/
• Hyphenation: al

Pronoun

al (personal)

1. (nominative case) he
2. (accusative case) him

Alternative forms

• Becomes l- before a vowel.
• Becomes -el when acting as an enclitic (after a consonant).
• Becomes -l when acting as an enclitic (after a vowel).

Related terms

Emilian personal pronouns (strong forms)

Number	Person	Gender	Disjunctive (tonic)	Nominative (subject)	Accusative (direct complement)	Dative (indirect complement)	Reflexive (-self)	Comitative (with)
Singular	First	—	mè	a	me			mêg
	Second	—	tè	et	te			têg
	Third	Masculine	ló	al		ge	se	sêg
		Feminine	lê	la
Plural	First	Masculine	nuēter	a	se			nōsk
		Feminine	nuētri
	Second	Masculine	vuēter	a	ve			vōsk
		Feminine	vuētri
	Third	Masculine	lôr	i		ge	se	sêg
		Feminine		el	li

Epigraphic Mayan

Verb

al

1. to speak

Esperanto

Etymology

Likely from Italian al, Catalan al, and Spanish al.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [al]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: al

Preposition

al

1. to; toward
2. to (indicates indirect object)

   Ŝi donis la libron al siaj gepatroj. ― She gave the book to her (own) parents.

Related terms

• alaĵo (“appendix, addendum”)
• aligi (“add, join”)
• aliĝi (“join, enroll”)

 

Gagauz

Adjective

al

1. vermeil

Galician

Etymology 1

From Old Galician-Portuguese al, from Vulgar Latin *ale, from Latin aliud, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂élyos.

Pronoun

al

1. (obsolete) everything, the rest

   Synonym: o resto

2. (obsolete) other, another

   Synonym: outro

Etymology 2

From Leonese al.

Contraction

al

1. Contraction of a el (“to the (king)”)

Usage notes

Used exclusively preceding the word rei (“king”), when referring to the current King of the land.

References

• Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “al”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “al”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG

Haitian Creole

Etymology

Contraction of French ale, from French aller.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /al/

Verb

al

1. to go

   Synonym: ale

Hani

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /a˥˥/

Interjection

al

1. showing surpise, or admiration

   Al! Aqqoq aqda/aqma!

   Oh! What a great man/woman!

   Al, zaqqul al!

   Oh, how beautiful it is!

Particle

al

1. indication completion of action

   zaq al ― finished eating

2. used with negative sentence

   Maq beq sso al

   Never mind

Hungarian

Etymology

From Proto-Uralic *ëla (“space, area under something, under(neath), the lower (part)”). (Spelled *ala in Uralonet.) Originally it was a noun; today it is used in compound words, see al-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈɒl]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

al

1. (archaic, rare) lower part of something

Declension

Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	al	alok
accusative	alt	alokat
dative	alnak	aloknak
instrumental	allal	alokkal
causal-final	alért	alokért
translative	allá	alokká
terminative	alig	alokig
essive-formal	alként	alokként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	alban	alokban
superessive	alon	alokon
adessive	alnál	aloknál
illative	alba	alokba
sublative	alra	alokra
allative	alhoz	alokhoz
elative	alból	alokból
delative	alról	alokról
ablative	altól	aloktól
non-attributive possessive - singular	alé	aloké
non-attributive possessive - plural	aléi	alokéi

Possessive forms of al
possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	alom	aljaim
2nd person sing.	alod	aljaid
3rd person sing.	alja	aljai
1st person plural	alunk	aljaink
2nd person plural	alotok	aljaitok
3rd person plural	aljuk	aljaik

Derived terms

• al-
• alacsony
• alatt
• alá
• alája
• alig
• alól

 

Further reading

• al in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
• al in Nóra Ittzés, editor, A magyar nyelv nagyszótára [A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (Nszt.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published a–ez as of 2024).

Icelandic

Noun

al

1. indefinite accusative/dative singular of alur

Ido

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /al/

Preposition

al

1. Contraction of a la (“to the”).

Usage notes

This is optional, you can also use a l'...

Ingrian

Spatial inflection of al

↗︎○	allative	alle
○	adessive	al
○↘︎	ablative	alt

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *alla. Cognates include Finnish alla and Estonian all.

In the sense "near", semantic loan from Russian под (pod).

Pronunciation

• (Ala-Laukaa) IPA^(key): /ˈɑlːɑ/, [ˈɑɫː]
• (Soikkola) IPA^(key): /ˈɑl/, [ˈɑɫ]
• (Hevaha) IPA^(key): /ˈɑl/, [ˈɑɫ]
• Rhymes: -ɑlː, -ɑl
• Hyphenation: al
• Homophone: alle

Adverb

al

1. (of location) under, underneath
   • 1937, D. I. Efimov, Lukukirja: Inkeroisia alkușkouluja vart (toin osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 53:

     Präkkää jää i paukkaa,
     vesi ono al.

     The ice crackles and bangs,
     Water is under it.

   • 1937, V. A. Tetjurev, translated by N. I. Molotsova, Loonnontiito (ensimäin osa): oppikirja alkușkoulun kolmatta klaassaa vart, Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-Pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 7:

     Kons șommela vesi seisohtaijaa, ni klaziputelin pohjaa jääpi kaks sloijaa: al — liiva, a sen pääl — savi.

     When the cloudy water settles down, two layers will remain on the bottom of the glass bottle: beneath - sand, and above it - clay.

Postposition

al (+ genitive)

1. (of location) under, underneath
   • 1936, V. I. Junus, Iƶoran Keelen Grammatikka‎^[2], Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 135:

     Aitan al ellää kärppä.

     Under the storehouse lives a stoat.

   • 1936, D. I. Efimov, Lukukirja: Inkeroisia alkușkouluja vart (ensimäine osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 11:

     Jään al hänel ei oo kylmä.

     Under the ice they aren't cold.

2. (of location) near, around
   • 1936, L. G. Terehova, V. G. Erdeli, translated by Mihailov and P. I. Maksimov, Geografia: oppikirja iƶoroin alkușkoulun kolmatta klaassaa vart (ensimäine osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-Pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 77:

     Talvi Moskovan al on pitkä, melkeen 5 kuuta.

     Winter around Moscow is long, almost 5 months.

Antonyms

• (antonym(s) of “under”): pääl (“on top; above”)

References

• V. I. Junus (1936) Iƶoran Keelen Grammatikka‎^[3], Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 135
• Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 10
• Arvo Laanest (1997) Isuri keele Hevaha murde sõnastik, Eesti Keele Instituut, page 18
• Olga I. Konkova, Nikita A. Dyachkov (2014) Inkeroin Keel: Пособие по Ижорскому Языку‎^[4], →ISBN, page 33

Interlingua

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /al/

Preposition

al

1. Contraction of a le (“to the”).

Istriot

Contraction

al

1. Contraction of a el (“at the”).
   • 1877, Antonio Ive, Canti popolari istriani: raccolti a Rovigno, volume 5, Ermanno Loescher, page 40:

     Che mai pioûn biela duon i’iê veisto al mondo,

     That I haven’t ever seen a more beautiful woman in the world,

Italian

Alternative forms

• all' (before a vowel)
• allo (before a cluster of two consonants other than cl, cr, pl, pr, fl, fr, tr)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /al/
• Rhymes: -al
• Hyphenation: al

Contraction

al

1. Contraction of a il (“to the, at the”).

Preposition

al m (feminine all' or alla)

1. (cooking, in the singular) with (an ingredient)

   Synonym: con

   risotto al pecorino ― rice with pecorino cheese

   risotto allo zafferano ― rice with saffron

   pasta all'aglio ― pasta with garlic

Anagrams

• -la, La, la, là

K'iche'

Adjective

al

1. heavy

Ladin

Contraction

al m sg

1. Contraction of a l (“at/to the”).

Luxembourgish

Etymology

From Old High German ald, northern variant of alt, from Proto-Germanic *aldaz. Cognate with German alt, English old, Dutch oud, West Frisian âld.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /aːl/
  • Rhymes: -aːl

• Audio:

  (file)

Adjective

al (masculine alen, neuter aalt, comparative méi al or eeler, superlative am eelsten)

1. old, aged

   Antonym: jonk

   Vun ale Mënsche kann ee villes léieren. ― There’s a lot to learn from old people.

2. (of food) stale

   Antonym: frësch

   Dat aalt Brout kënne mer de Vulle ginn. ― We can give the stale bread to the birds.

Declension

declension of al

number and gender		singular			plural
		masculine	feminine	neuter	all genders
predicative		hien ass al	si ass al	et ass al	si si(nn) al
nominative / accusative	attributive and/or after determiner	alen	al	aalt	al
	independent without determiner			ales	aler
dative	after any declined word	alen	aler	alen	alen
	as first declined word	alem		alem

Mandinka

Pronoun

al

1. you (personal pronoun)

See also

Mandinka personal pronouns

		singular	plural
1st person		nte, n, m	ntolu, ntelu, n
2nd person		ite, i	altolu, altelu, al
3rd person		ate, a	itolu, itelu, y

Mauritian Creole

Verb

al

1. Medial form of ale

Michoacán Nahuatl

Etymology

From Proto-Nahuan *aatl, from Proto-Uto-Aztecan *pa.

Noun

al

1. water

Middle Dutch

Etymology

From Old Dutch al, from Proto-Germanic *allaz.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /al/

Determiner

al

1. all, all of

Adverb

al

1. completely

Conjunction

al

1. even though, no matter whether

Descendants

• Dutch: al
  • Afrikaans: al
• Limburgish: al

Further reading

• “al (II)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
• “al (III)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
• “al (V)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
• Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “al (I)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page I
• Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “al (II)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page II
• Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “al (IV)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page IV

Middle English

Adverb

al

1. Alternative form of all
   • 14th c. Geoffrey Chaucer, The Canterbury Tales. General Prologue:

     And smale foweles maken melodye,
     That slepen al the nyght with open eye-
     (So priketh hem Nature in hir corages);

     And many little birds make melody
     That sleep through all the night with open eye
     (So Nature pricks them on to ramp and rage)

Determiner

al

1. Alternative form of all
   • 1407, The Testimony of William Thorpe, pages 40–41:

     And therwith he was named, as I gesse worthili, a passing reuli man and an innocent in al his lyuynge.

     And with this he was named, as I believe worthily, an excellent ruly and innocent man in all his living.

Mokilese

Etymology

From Proto-Oceanic *jalan (“path, road”), from Proto-Austronesian *zalan (“path, way”)

Noun

al (third person singularly possessed aloa, construct alen)

1. line
2. road, path, way

Verb

al

1. (intransitive) to line, draw lines

Derived terms

• alahl

References

• Harrison, Sheldon P., Mokilese-English Dictionary, University of Hawaii Press 1977

External links

• Blust's Austronesian Comparative Dictionary – *zalan

Northern Kurdish

Central Kurdish	ئاڵا (alla)

Alternative forms

• ala m

Etymology

Related to Turkish al (“dark red, crimson”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɑːl/
• Rhymes: -al

Noun

al f (Arabic spelling ئال)

1. (war) flag, banner

Declension

Declension of al

Definite feminine gender
Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	al	al
Construct	ala	alên
Oblique	alê	alan
Demonstrative oblique	wê alê	wan alan
Vocative	alê	alino
Indefinite feminine gender
Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	alek	alin
Construct	aleke	aline
Oblique	alekê	alinan

References

• Chyet, Michael L. (2020) “al”, in Ferhenga Birûskî: Kurmanji–English Dictionary (Language Series; 1), volume 1, London: Transnational Press, page 5

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology 1

From ala (“to foster, breed”).

Noun

al n (definite singular alet, indefinite plural al, definite plural ala)

1. nourishing, fostering
2. a young (farm) animal that one has bred
3. breeding

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

al

1. imperative of ala

References

• “al” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Occitan

Pronunciation

• Audio (Languedoc):

  (file)

Contraction

al m sg

1. Contraction of a lo (“to the; at the”).

Oirata

Noun

al

1. war

Old Dutch

Alternative forms

• ol

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *all. Cognates include Old High German al and Old Saxon al.

Adjective

al

1. all, every
   • 11th century, Hebban olla vogala:

     Hebban olla vogala nestas hagunnan

     All birds have started to build their nests

2. whole, entire
   • 10th century, Wachtendonck Psalms:

     An allero erthon fuor luit.

     Over the entire world the sound spread.

Inflection

Declension of al

Strong declension
	masculine		neuter		feminine
	singular	plural	singular	plural	singular	plural
nominative	al	alle	al	alle	al	allu
accusative	allan	alle	al	alle	alla	allu
genitive	allis	allro	allis	allro	allro	allrō
dative	allon	allon	allon	allon	allro	allon
Weak declension
	masculine		neuter		feminine
	singular	plural	singular	plural	singular	plural
nominative	allo	allu	alla	allu	alla	allu
accusative	allin	allin	alla	allin	allin	allin
genitive	allin	allno	allin	allno	allin	allno
dative	allin	allon	allin	allon	allin	allon

Adverb

al

1. completely, wholly
   • ca. 1100, Leiden Willeram:

     Sin buch is elphondbeinin, al underskeithet mit saphiris.

     His stomach is of ivory, wholly decorated with sapphires.

Conjunction

al

1. even though
   • ca. 1200, Rhinelandic Rhyming Bible:

     Ire beider sculde waren grozlich, al newæren sie nieht gelich.

     Both their debts were great, even though they weren't equal.

Descendants

• Middle Dutch: al
  • Dutch: al
    • Afrikaans: al
  • Limburgish: al

Further reading

• “al (II)”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012
• “al (III)”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012
• “al (IV)”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012

Old English

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *ail, from Proto-Germanic *ailą, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éydʰ-lom, from *h₂eydʰ- (“to burn, kindle”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɑːl/

Noun

āl n

1. fire

Declension

Declension of āl (strong a-stem)

Case	Singular	Plural
nominative	āl	āl
accusative	āl	āl
genitive	āles	āla
dative	āle	ālum

Derived terms

• onāl
• ālfæt
• ālgeweorc

 

Old French

Alternative forms

• au

Contraction

al

1. Contraction of a le (“to the”).

Old High German

Alternative forms

• all

Etymology 1

From Proto-West Germanic *all, from Proto-Germanic *allaz.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /al/

Adjective

al

1. all
2. every, each
3. whole

Descendants

• Middle High German: al
  • Alemannic German: älli
  • German: all
  • Luxembourgish: all
  • Yiddish: אַלע (ale)

Etymology 2

From Proto-West Germanic *āl, whence also Old English ǣl, Old Norse áll.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /aːl/

Noun

āl m

1. eel

Declension

Declension of āl (masculine a-stem)

case	singular	plural
nominative	āl	āla
accusative	āl	āla
genitive	āles	ālo
dative	āle	ālum
instrumental	ālu	—

Descendants

• Middle High German: āl
  • German: Aal
  • Hunsrik: Ool
  • Luxembourgish: Éil

References

• Joseph Wright, An Old High German Primer

Old Norse

Noun

al

1. indefinite accusative/dative singular of alr

Verb

al

1. second-person singular active imperative of ala

Old Saxon

Alternative forms

• all

Etymology 1

From Proto-West Germanic *all, from Proto-Germanic *allaz.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɑl/

Adjective

al

1. all
2. entire
3. any

Declension

Declension of al

Strong declension
gender	masculine		neuter		feminine
case	singular	plural	singular	plural	singular	plural
nominative	al	alle	al	allu	al	alle
accusative	allana	alle	al	allu	alla	alle
genitive	alles	allarō	alles	allarō	allaro	allarō
dative	allumu	allum	allumu	allum	allaro	allum
Weak declension
gender	masculine		neuter		feminine
case	singular	plural	singular	plural	singular	plural
nominative	allo	allu	alla	allu	alla	allu
accusative	allun	allun	alla	allun	allun	allun
genitive	allun	allonō	allun	allonō	allun	allonō
dative	allun	allum	allun	allum	allun	allum

Descendants

• Middle Low German: al, alle
  • German Low German: all, alle (Münsterländisch; Sauerländisch), olle (Paderbornisch)

Adverb

al

1. entirely, thoroughly
2. exactly, absolutely, already, quite

Etymology 2

From Proto-Germanic *ēlaz. Cognate with Old English ǣl, Dutch aal, Old High German āl (German Aal), Old Norse áll (Danish and Swedish ål).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɑːl/

Noun

āl m

1. eel

Declension

Declension of āl (masculine a-stem)

	singular	plural
nominative	āl	ālos
accusative	āl	ālos
genitive	āles	ālō
dative	āle	ālum
instrumental	—	—

Old Swedish

Etymology

From Old Norse áll, from Proto-Germanic *ēlaz.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /aːl/

Noun

āl m

1. eel

Declension

Declension of āler (strong a-stem)

masculine	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	āler	ālrin	ālar	ālanir, ālaner
accusative	āl	ālin	āla	ālana
dative	āli, āle	ālinum, ālenom	ālum, ālom	ālumin, ālomen
genitive	āls	ālsins	āla	ālanna

Descendants

• Swedish: ål

Picard

Etymology 1

From Old French.

Pronoun

al

1. she

Etymology 2

From Old French, from Latin allium.

Noun

al

1. garlic

Polabian

Etymology

Borrowed from Middle Low German al.

Adverb

al

1. already
   • 1725, Johann Parum Schultze, Die Wendländische Bauernchronik

     jong al no zartjü

     Ją al no carťėv

     He is already at the cemetery.

References

• Lehr-Spławiński, T., Polański, K. (1962) “al”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka Drzewian połabskich [Etymological Dictionary of the Polabian Drevani Language] (in Polish), number 1 (A – ďüzd), Wrocław, Warszawa etc.: Ossolineum, page 17
• Polański, Kazimierz, James Allen Sehnert (1967) “al”, in Polabian-English Dictionary, The Hague, Paris: Mouton & Co, page 34
• Olesch, Reinhold (1962) “al”, in Thesaurus Linguae Dravaenopolabicae [Thesaurus of the Drevani language] (in German), volumes 1: A – O, Cologne, Vienna: Böhlau Verlag, →ISBN, page 3

Portuguese

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese al, from Vulgar Latin *ale, from Latin aliud, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂élyos.

Pronunciation

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈaw/ [ˈaʊ̯]

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈal/ [ˈaɫ]

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈal/ [ˈaɫ]
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈa.li/

• Hyphenation: al

Pronoun

al

1. (obsolete) everything, the rest

   Synonym: o resto

2. (obsolete) other, another

   Synonym: outro

Related terms

• alheio

Romanian

Etymology

Inherited from Latin illum, from ille.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /al/

Article

al m or n sg (feminine singular a, masculine plural ai, feminine/neuter plural ale)

1. of (masculine/neuter singular possessive or genitive article)

   el este un prieten al meu ― he is a friend of mine.

See also

• ăla
• -l

Saterland Frisian

Etymology

From Old Frisian all, from Proto-West Germanic *all. Cognates include West Frisian al and Dutch al.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /al/
• Hyphenation: al
• Rhymes: -al

Adverb

al

1. already

References

• Marron C. Fort (2015) “al”, in Saterfriesisches Wörterbuch mit einer phonologischen und grammatischen Übersicht, Buske, →ISBN

Silesian

Etymology

Borrowed from German Aal.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈal/
• Rhymes: -al
• Syllabification: al

Noun

al m animal

1. eel

Further reading

• Barbara Podgórska, Adam Podgóski (2008) “al”, in Słownik gwar śląskich [A dictionary of Silesian lects], Katowice: Wydawnictwo KOS, →ISBN, page 25

South Efate

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /al/

Noun

al

1. Sun

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /al/ [al]

• Audio (Colombia):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -al
• Syllabification: al

Contraction

al

1. Contraction of a el (“at the, to the”).

See also

• del

Further reading

• “al”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), 23rd edition, Royal Spanish Academy, 2014 October 16

• “al” in Diccionario panhispánico de dudas, segunda edición, Real Academia Española, 2023. →ISBN

Anagrams

• la

Sumau

Noun

al

1. a tree species of the family Combretaceae, Terminalia impediens

Further reading

• Coode, M. J. E. (1969) “Four new species of Terminalia L. (Combretaceae) from Melanesia”, in Kew Bulletin, volume 23, number 2, →DOI, page 308

Sumerian

Romanization

al

1. Romanization of 𒀠 (al)

Swedish

Etymology

From Old Swedish al, from Old Norse ǫlr (compare Icelandic elri, Danish el, Norwegian older), from Proto-Germanic *aluz, *alusō (compare English alder), variant of *alizō, *alisō (compare Dutch els, German Erle), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂élisos.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɑːl/

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

al c

1. alder (tree)

Declension

Declension of al

		nominative	genitive
singular	indefinite	al	als
	definite	alen	alens
plural	indefinite	alar	alars
	definite	alarna	alarnas

Derived terms

• gråal
• klibbal

Further reading

• al in Svenska Akademiens ordböcker
• al in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)

Anagrams

• l:a, la

Tatar

Adjective

al

1. Latin spelling of ал (al)

Turkish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɑɫ/ [ˈɑɫ̪]

Etymology 1

From Ottoman Turkish آل (al), from Proto-Turkic *āl (“red, crimson”). Cognate with Old Turkic 𐰞 (āl) and akin to Proto-Tungusic *pula (“red”) and Proto-Mongolic *hulaxan (“red”)

Adjective

al

1. blood red (specifically the red on the flag of Turkey)
2. (dated) dark red
3. (by extension) red (in general)

See also

• kırmızı (“red”)
• kızıl (“light red”)

Noun

al (definite accusative alı, plural allar)

1. blood red (specifically the red on the flag of Turkey)
2. (dated) dark red
3. (by extension) red (in general)

Declension

Inflection
Nominative	al
Definite accusative	alı
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	al	allar
Definite accusative	alı	alları
Dative	ala	allara
Locative	alda	allarda
Ablative	aldan	allardan
Genitive	alın	alların
Possessive forms Nominative Singular Plural 1st singular alım allarım 2nd singular alın alların 3rd singular alı alları 1st plural alımız allarımız 2nd plural alınız allarınız 3rd plural alları alları Definite accusative Singular Plural 1st singular alımı allarımı 2nd singular alını allarını 3rd singular alını allarını 1st plural alımızı allarımızı 2nd plural alınızı allarınızı 3rd plural allarını allarını Dative Singular Plural 1st singular alıma allarıma 2nd singular alına allarına 3rd singular alına allarına 1st plural alımıza allarımıza 2nd plural alınıza allarınıza 3rd plural allarına allarına Locative Singular Plural 1st singular alımda allarımda 2nd singular alında allarında 3rd singular alında allarında 1st plural alımızda allarımızda 2nd plural alınızda allarınızda 3rd plural allarında allarında Ablative Singular Plural 1st singular alımdan allarımdan 2nd singular alından allarından 3rd singular alından allarından 1st plural alımızdan allarımızdan 2nd plural alınızdan allarınızdan 3rd plural allarından allarından Genitive Singular Plural 1st singular alımın allarımın 2nd singular alının allarının 3rd singular alının allarının 1st plural alımızın allarımızın 2nd plural alınızın allarınızın 3rd plural allarının allarının

See also

Colors in Turkish · renkler (layout · text)

beyaz, ak	gri, boz	siyah, kara
kırmızı, kızıl; al	turuncu; kahverengi, konur, boz	sarı; bej
limon çürüğü	yeşil	nane yeşili
camgöbeği; turkuaz	gök, mavi	lacivert
eflatun; mor	pembe; mor	yavruağzı

References

• Tokat, Feyza (2014) “On the Common Words in Mongolian and the Turkish Dialects in Turkey”, in The Journal of International Social Research (Uluslararası Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi)‎^[5], volume 7, number 32, →ISSN, pages 185-198.

Etymology 2

From Proto-Turkic *āl (“trick, deceit; to deceive”).

Noun

al

1. (dated) trick, trap

   Synonyms: hile, tuzak

Related terms

• aldanmak
• aldatmak

Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

al

1. second-person singular imperative of almak

Turkmen

Adjective

al (comparative ?, superlative iň al)

1. pink

Venetan

Preposition

al

1. to the
2. at the

Article

al m sg

1. (Belluno) Alternative form of el

Veps

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *alla; related to Finnish alla.

Postposition

al

1. under, underneath (stationary location)

Related terms

• alle
• alpäi

References

• Zajceva, N. G., Mullonen, M. I. (2007) “под”, in Uz’ venä-vepsläine vajehnik / Novyj russko-vepsskij slovarʹ [New Russian–Veps Dictionary]‎^[6], Petrozavodsk: Periodika

Volapük

Etymology

Borrowed from German all and English all.

Adjective

al

1. each
2. every

Watubela

Noun

al

1. water

References

• Papers from the Fourth International Conference on Austronesian Linguistics: FOCAL II (1986)
• Blust, Austronesian Comparative Dictionary

West Flemish

Adverb

al

1. already

West Frisian

Etymology

From Old Frisian all, from Proto-West Germanic *all. Cognate with English all.

Determiner

al

1. all

Inflection

This determiner needs an inflection-table template.

Derived terms

• hielal

Further reading

• “al”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011

Adverb

al

1. already

Further reading

• “al”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011

Yola

Pronoun

al

1. Alternative form of aul
   • 1927, “PAUDEEN FOUGHLAAN'S WEDDEEN”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page 133, line 18:

     An smithered hays videl, bow, strings an al;

     And smashed his fiddle, bow, strings and all;

References

• Kathleen A. Browne (1927) The Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland Sixth Series, Vol.17 No.2, Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland, page 133