- Born
- Died
- Nickname
- Billy
- Height1.73 m
- William Cameron Menzies was educated at Yale University, the University of Edinburgh and at the Art Students League in New York. He entered the film industry in 1919, after serving with the U.S. Expeditionary Forces in World War I. His initial assignments were in film design and special effects, as assistant to Anton Grot at Famous Players-Lasky. Menzies drew inspiration from German Expressionism and from the work of D.W. Griffith. His sense of visual style was quickly recognized and he was promoted to full art director after only three years. At United Artists (1923-30, 1935-40) and Fox (1931-33), he eventually designed for stars like Rudolph Valentino, Douglas Fairbanks and Mary Pickford. He worked for all three of the major independent producers: Samuel Goldwyn, David O. Selznick and Walter Wanger. Menzies also had the singular distinction of receiving the first-ever Oscar for art direction (for The Dove (1927)).
His flamboyant and exotic fairy-tale sets for Tên Trộm Thành Bagdad (1924) are regarded to this day as a work of pure genius. From the beginning of the sound era, Menzies also got involved in directing and producing. During the 1940's, he worked frequently with the director Sam Wood, whose films he improved dramatically through his designs. Over time, Menzies acquired a well-earned reputation for his larger-then-life personality, his visual flair and love of adventure and fantasy in films. He defined and solidified the role of the art director as having overall control over the look of the finished motion picture. He was a tireless innovator, who meticulously pre-planned the color and design of each film through a series of continuity sketches that outlined camera angles, lighting and the position of actors in each scene. For Cuốn Theo Chiều Gió (1939), he and J. McMillan Johnson drew some 2000 detailed watercolor sketches, that got him the Honorary Academy Award 1940 "For outstanding achievement in the use of color for the enhancement of dramatic mood" of the film.
An historian, Wilbur G. Kurtz, was employed on the project to provide additional accuracy of period detail. Menzies himself directed the famous burning of Atlanta sequence and hospital sequence, including the famous long shot of wounded and dying Confederate soldiers, taken from a 90-foot crane.
A consummate designer of film architecture on a grand scale, Menzies was rather less effective as a director, consistently displaying an inability to draw strong performances from his cast. As a result, others were often brought in as co-directors, forcing Menzies to share the credit. In the 1950's, he helmed several low-budget films, which stand out purely for their characteristically good visuals, as, for example, Invaders from Mars (1953).
Menzies was inducted into the Art Directors Guild Hall of Fame in 2005.- IMDb Mini Biography By: I.S.Mowis
- SpouseMignon Early Toby(March 20, 1918 - March 5, 1957) (his death, 2 children)
- ChildrenJean Mignon MenziesSuzanne Cameron Menzies
- ParentsCharles Alexander MenziesHelen Cameron
- Children: Jean Mignon (c. 1921) and Suzanne (c. 1927)
- Directed the pilot (never aired) for the daytime television series "Johnny and the Gaucho" which featured ventriloquist Senor Wences and his characters. It was filmed in February 1955.
- Is portrayed by Warren Munson in The Scarlett O'Hara War (1980)
- Graduated from New Haven, Connecticut, High School in 1914. Afterwards he began college at the Yale School of the Fine Arts before switching to the Art Students League in New York City.
- Was married at the Church of the Transfiguration, an Episcopal parish famously known as the Little Church Around the Corner in New York City.
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