tunge

See also: Tunge

Danish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈtˢɔŋə]

Etymology 1

From Old Danish tungæ, Old Norse tunga, Proto-Germanic *tungǭ, cognate with English tongue, German Zunge, Gothic 𐍄𐌿𐌲𐌲𐍉 (tuggō). The Germanic word goes back to Proto-Indo-European *dn̥ǵʰwéh₂s (“tongue”), cf. Latin lingua, Sanskrit जिह्वा (jihvā́).

Noun

tunge c (singular definite tungen, plural indefinite tunger)

1. (anatomy) tongue
2. sole (fish)
3. (poetic) language
   • 1856, Frederik E. Schiern, Historiske studier, page 86:

     Men da ei Grunden blev tilstrækkelig / For Folkets Antal, drog de over til / Det sorte Bjerg, ja til det hvide Land, / Hvor, skjult bag ved en evig Muur af Iis, / Et andet Folk med anden Tunge taler.

     But when the place was insufficient / For the numbers of the people, they went to / The black mountain, yes, to the white land, / Where, hidden behind an eternal wall of ice, / Another people in another tongue speaks.

   • 2014, Joseph Conrad, Lord Jim, Rosinante & Co, →ISBN:

     Deres høvding havde talt til ham i hans eget folks sprog og forklaret mange ting, som det var vanskeligt at udtrykke i en anden tunge.

     Their chief had spoken to him in his own [not the chief's] people's language and explained many things that would have been difficult to express in another tongue.

Inflection

Declension of tunge

common gender	Singular		Plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	tunge	tungen	tunger	tungerne
genitive	tunges	tungens	tungers	tungernes

Etymology 2

See tung (“heavy”).

Adjective

tunge

1. definite of tung
2. plural of tung

Finnish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtuŋːe/, [ˈt̪uŋːe̞]
• Rhymes: -uŋːe
• Syllabification^(key): tun‧ge

Verb

tunge

1. inflection of tunkea:
   1. present active indicative connegative
   2. second-person singular present imperative
   3. second-person singular present active imperative connegative

Anagrams

• tengu

Middle English

Noun

tunge

1. Alternative form of tonge (“tongue”)

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology 1

Adjective

tunge

1. definite singular of tung
2. plural of tung

Etymology 2

From Old Norse tunga.

Noun

tunge f or m (definite singular tunga or tungen, indefinite plural tunger, definite plural tungene)

1. a tongue

Derived terms

• tungetale

References

• “tunge” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /²tʊŋːə/

Etymology 1

utstrekt mennesketunge

fisken tunge (Solea solea)

From Old Norse tunga f, from Proto-Germanic *tungǭ f (“tongue”), from an N-stem variant of earlier Proto-Indo-European *dn̥ǵʰwéh₂s f (“tongue”).

Nordic cognates include Icelandic, Faroese, Norn, and Swedish tunga, Danish tunge, Elfdalian tungga. Other Germanic cognates include English tongue, West Frisian tonge, Dutch tong, German Zunge, and Gothic 𐍄𐌿𐌲𐌲𐍉 (tuggō).

Indo-European cognates include Armenian լեզու (lezu), Irish teanga, Latin lingua, Lithuanian liežuvis, Northern Kurdish ziman, Persian زبان, Polish język, Russian язык (jazyk), Sanskrit जिह्वा (jihvā), Tocharian A käntu, Tocharian B kantwo, Welsh tafod.

Alternative forms

• (non-standard since 2012) tunga

Noun

tunge f (definite singular tunga, indefinite plural tunger, definite plural tungene)

1. (anatomy) a tongue

   Menneske kan smaka med tunga.

   Humans can taste with their tongue.

2. (metonymically) a language; speech
3. (metonymically) a voice
4. (religion, often in the plural) glossolalia
5. something which resembles a tongue
   1. a flame
   2. a tongue in a swallowtail flag
   3. a tongue in a shoe

      Synonym: pløse

   4. (poetic) bladepoint; tip of a spear, sword, lance or other
6. (zoology) Dover sole fish (Solea solea)

   Synonyms: tungeflyndre, sjøtunge, skosole

7. (rail transport) points (Britain, Ireland, Australia, India); switch (US) (the part of the railway switch that actually moves)
8. (fishing) This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Derived terms

• baktunge
• bite seg i tunga
• bretunge
• eldtunge
• folketunge
• ha kalvskit på tunga
• ha på tunga
• halde tunga beint i munnen
• hundetunge
• landtunge
• oksetunge
• ormetunge
• rette tunge
• sjøtunge
• smørtunge
• tale i tunger
• tale med to tunger
• tiriltunge
• tunga på glid
• tunga på vektskåla
• tunga ut av vindauget
• tungeband
• tungeflyndre
• tungemål
• tungerapp
• tungerot
• tungerygg
• tungeslag
• tungesnipp
• tungespiss
• tungetale
• tungete
• tungetipp
• tvitunga
• vekttunge

 

Etymology 2

From Old Norse þungi, from the adjective tung (“heavy”) (Old Norse þungr).

Noun

tunge m (definite singular tungen, indefinite plural tungar, definite plural tungane)

1. heaviness, weight
2. pressure
3. sleepiness
4. (in the definite singular) most, the majority

Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Adjective

tunge

1. definite singular of tung
2. plural of tung

References

• “tunge” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
• “tunge” in The Ordnett Dictionary
• Confer with (Norwegian Bokmål) “tunge_2” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).

Anagrams

• gnute

Old English

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *tungā.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtun.ɡe/, [ˈtuŋ.ɡe]

Noun

tunge f

1. a tongue
2. a language

   Synonym: ġeþēode

Declension

Declension of tunge (weak)

Case	Singular	Plural
nominative	tunge	tungan
accusative	tungan	tungan
genitive	tungan	tungena
dative	tungan	tungum

Descendants

• Middle English: tonge, tong, tung, tunge
  • English: tongue, tounge (misspelling, otherwise obsolete), tung (eye dialect, otherwise obsolete), tong, tonge, toong, toongue, toung, toungue, tunge (obsolete)
    • Australian Kriol: tang
    • Bislama: tang
    • Sranan Tongo: tongo
    • Tok Pisin: tang
    • Torres Strait Creole: tang
  • Scots: tung, tongue, tong

Old Frisian

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *tungā, from Proto-Germanic *tungǭ.

Noun

tunge f

1. tongue
2. language

Inflection

Declension of tunge, tunga (feminine n-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	tunge, tunga	tunga
genitive	tunga	tungana, tungena
dative	tunga	tungum, tungem
accusative	tunga	tunga

Descendants

• North Frisian: tonge, tunge
• Saterland Frisian: Tunge
• West Frisian: tonge

References

• Köbler, Gerhard, Altfriesisches Wörterbuch (4th edition 2014)
• Cummins, Adley H. (1887) A Grammar of the Old Friesic Language, London: Trübner & Co., page 45

Swedish

Adjective

tunge

1. definite natural masculine singular of tung