rudo

See also: Rudo

Czech

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈrudo]

Noun

rudo f

1. vocative singular of ruda

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *HrewdH- (“to weep”). Akin to Ancient Greek ὠρύω (ōrúō) and Latin rāvis, raucus, rāvus.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈruː.doː/, [ˈruːd̪oː] or IPA^(key): /ˈru.doː/, [ˈrʊd̪oː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈru.do/, [ˈruːd̪o]

Verb

rū̆dō (present infinitive rū̆dere, perfect active rū̆dīvī, supine rū̆dītum); third conjugation

1. (of lions) to roar
2. (of donkeys) to bray
   • 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 1.433–434:

     ecce rudēns raucō Sīlēnī vector asellus
     intempestīvōs ēdidit ōre sonōs.

     Lo and behold! Braying with a hoarse throat, the little donkey that had carried Silenus
     opened its mouth to make an untimely noise.

3. (of cervids) to bell
4. (figuratively) to shout, to yell
   • c. 62 CE, Persius, Saturae 3.9:

     findor, ut arcadiae pecuāria rūdere crēdās.

     I'm so being torn apart, you might think it's an arcadian herd bellowing.

Conjugation

Conjugation of rū̆dō (third conjugation)
indicative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	rū̆dō	rū̆dis	rū̆dit	rū̆dimus	rū̆ditis	rū̆dunt
	imperfect	rū̆dēbam	rū̆dēbās	rū̆dēbat	rū̆dēbāmus	rū̆dēbātis	rū̆dēbant
	future	rū̆dam	rū̆dēs	rū̆det	rū̆dēmus	rū̆dētis	rū̆dent
	perfect	rū̆dīvī	rū̆dīvistī	rū̆dīvit	rū̆dīvimus	rū̆dīvistis	rū̆dīvērunt, rū̆dīvēre
	pluperfect	rū̆dīveram	rū̆dīverās	rū̆dīverat	rū̆dīverāmus	rū̆dīverātis	rū̆dīverant
	future perfect	rū̆dīverō	rū̆dīveris	rū̆dīverit	rū̆dīverimus	rū̆dīveritis	rū̆dīverint
passive	present	rū̆dor	rū̆deris, rū̆dere	rū̆ditur	rū̆dimur	rū̆diminī	rū̆duntur
	imperfect	rū̆dēbar	rū̆dēbāris, rū̆dēbāre	rū̆dēbātur	rū̆dēbāmur	rū̆dēbāminī	rū̆dēbantur
	future	rū̆dar	rū̆dēris, rū̆dēre	rū̆dētur	rū̆dēmur	rū̆dēminī	rū̆dentur
	perfect	rū̆dītus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	rū̆dītus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	rū̆dītus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	rū̆dam	rū̆dās	rū̆dat	rū̆dāmus	rū̆dātis	rū̆dant
	imperfect	rū̆derem	rū̆derēs	rū̆deret	rū̆derēmus	rū̆derētis	rū̆derent
	perfect	rū̆dīverim	rū̆dīverīs	rū̆dīverit	rū̆dīverīmus	rū̆dīverītis	rū̆dīverint
	pluperfect	rū̆dīvissem	rū̆dīvissēs	rū̆dīvisset	rū̆dīvissēmus	rū̆dīvissētis	rū̆dīvissent
passive	present	rū̆dar	rū̆dāris, rū̆dāre	rū̆dātur	rū̆dāmur	rū̆dāminī	rū̆dantur
	imperfect	rū̆derer	rū̆derēris, rū̆derēre	rū̆derētur	rū̆derēmur	rū̆derēminī	rū̆derentur
	perfect	rū̆dītus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	rū̆dītus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	rū̆de	—	—	rū̆dite	—
	future	—	rū̆ditō	rū̆ditō	—	rū̆ditōte	rū̆duntō
passive	present	—	rū̆dere	—	—	rū̆diminī	—
	future	—	rū̆ditor	rū̆ditor	—	—	rū̆duntor
non-finite forms		active			passive
		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		rū̆dere	rū̆dīvisse	rū̆dītūrum esse	rū̆dī	rū̆dītum esse	rū̆dītum īrī
participles		rū̆dēns	—	rū̆dītūrus	—	rū̆dītus	rū̆dendus, rū̆dundus
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		genitive	dative	accusative	ablative	accusative	ablative
		rū̆dendī	rū̆dendō	rū̆dendum	rū̆dendō	rū̆dītum	rū̆dītū

Derived terms

• rū̆dītus

Further reading

• “rudo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “rudo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • (ambiguous) to retire from service: rude donatum esse (Phil. 2. 29)
    

Latvian

Adjective

rudo

1. inflection of rudais:
   1. vocative/accusative/instrumental singular masculine/feminine
   2. genitive plural masculine/feminine

Polish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈru.dɔ/
• Rhymes: -udɔ
• Syllabification: ru‧do

Etymology 1

From rudy +‎ -o.

Adverb

rudo (not comparable)

1. rufously

Related terms

adjectives

• rudawy
• rudowłosy
• rudy

 

nouns

• ruda
• rudość
• rudzielec
• rudzik

 

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

rudo f

1. vocative singular of ruda

Further reading

• rudo in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• rudo in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Serbo-Croatian

Adjective

rudo

1. neuter nominative/accusative/vocative singular of rud

Noun

rudo (Cyrillic spelling рудо)

1. vocative singular of ruda

Slovene

Noun

rudo

1. accusative/instrumental singular of ruda

Spanish

Etymology

From a derivative of Latin rudis.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈrudo/ [ˈru.ð̞o]
• Rhymes: -udo
• Syllabification: ru‧do

Adjective

rudo (feminine ruda, masculine plural rudos, feminine plural rudas)

1. rude, rough, crude, rugged

Noun

rudo m (plural rudos, feminine ruda, feminine plural rudas)

1. (slang, professional wrestling) heel (a wrestler whose in-ring persona embodies villainous or reprehensible traits)

Coordinate terms

• técnico (“face”)

Further reading

• “rudo”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.7, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2023 November 28

Anagrams

• duro, duró, urdo