pendurar

Galician

Alternative forms

• pandurar, porondar

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese pendurar (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), either from Vulgar Latin pendulare from Latin pendulus (“hanging”); or rather from pendura, from Latin *penditūra, both from pendeō (“I hang”). Cognate with Portuguese pendurar.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /penduˈɾaɾ/

Verb

pendurar (first-person singular present penduro, first-person singular preterite pendurei, past participle pendurado)

1. to hang, dangle
   • 1435, X. Ferro Couselo (ed.), A vida e a fala dos devanceiros. Escolma de documentos en galego dos séculos XIII ao XVI. 2 vols. Vigo: Galaxia, page 31:

     seys cartas escriptas en purgamedeo de coyro, seelladas de seellos pendentes de plumo, pendurados por syrgo

     six charters, written in parchment, sealed with hanging lead seals, hung by silk [twines]

   Synonyms: colgar, dependurar, pender

Conjugation

    Conjugation of pendurar

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti)	Third-person (el / ela / Vde.)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / Vdes.)
Infinitive
Impersonal	pendurar
Personal	pendurar	pendurares	pendurar	pendurarmos	pendurardes	penduraren
Gerund
	pendurando
Past participle
Masculine	pendurado			pendurados
Feminine	pendurada			penduradas
Indicative
Present	penduro	penduras	pendura	penduramos	pendurades	penduran
Imperfect	penduraba	pendurabas	penduraba	pendurabamos	pendurabades	penduraban
Preterite	pendurei	penduraches	pendurou	penduramos	pendurastes	penduraron
Pluperfect	pendurara	penduraras	pendurara	penduraramos	pendurarades	penduraran
Future	pendurarei	pendurarás	pendurará	penduraremos	penduraredes	pendurarán
Conditional	penduraría	pendurarías	penduraría	pendurariamos	pendurariades	pendurarían
Subjunctive
Present	pendure	pendures	pendure	penduremos	penduredes	penduren
Imperfect	pendurase	pendurases	pendurase	pendurásemos	pendurásedes	pendurasen
Future	pendurar	pendurares	pendurar	pendurarmos	pendurardes	penduraren
Imperative
Affirmative		pendura	pendure	penduremos	pendurade	penduren
Negative (non)		non pendures	non pendure	non penduremos	non penduredes	non penduren

    Reintegrated conjugation of pendurar (See Appendix:Reintegrationism)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti / tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	pendurar
Personal	pendurar	pendurares	pendurar	pendurarmos	pendurardes	pendurarem
Gerund
	pendurando
Past participle
Masculine	pendurado			pendurados
Feminine	pendurada			penduradas
Indicative
Present	penduro	penduras	pendura	penduramos	pendurades, pendurais	penduram
Imperfect	pendurava	penduravas	pendurava	pendurávamos	pendurávades, penduráveis, pendurávais1	penduravam
Preterite	pendurei	penduraste, pendurache1	pendurou	penduramos	pendurastes	pendurárom, penduraram
Pluperfect	pendurara	penduraras	pendurara	penduráramos	pendurárades, penduráreis, pendurárais1	penduraram
Future	pendurarei	pendurarás	pendurará	penduraremos	penduraredes, pendurareis	pendurarám, pendurarão
Conditional	penduraria	pendurarias	penduraria	penduraríamos	penduraríades, penduraríeis, penduraríais1	pendurariam
Subjunctive
Present	pendure	pendures	pendure	penduremos	penduredes, pendureis	pendurem
Imperfect	pendurasse	pendurasses	pendurasse	pendurássemos	pendurássedes, pendurásseis	pendurassem
Future	pendurar	pendurares	pendurar	pendurarmos	pendurardes	pendurarem
Imperative
Affirmative		pendura	pendure	penduremos	pendurade, pendurai	pendurem
Negative (nom)		nom pendures	nom pendure	nom penduremos	nom penduredes, nom pendureis	nom pendurem

¹Less recommended.

Derived terms

• dependurar
• penduricallo
• pendurico
• porondeiro
• poronduxo

Related terms

• pendulleiro
• pendullo
• pendura

References

• Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “pendurar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “pendur”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “pendurar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “pendurar”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• “pendurar” in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (2014).
• Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “pendurar”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

Portuguese

Alternative forms

• pindurar (obsolete or eye dialect)
• pendurá (apocopic)
• pindurá (eye dialect)

Etymology

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese pendurar, pendorar, from Medieval Latin pendulāre, from Latin pendulus (“hanging”), from pendeō (“to hang”).

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /pẽ.duˈɾa(ʁ)/ [pẽ.duˈɾa(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /pẽ.duˈɾa(ʁ)/ [pẽ.duˈɾa(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /pẽ.duˈɾa(ɾ)/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /pẽ.duˈɾa(ʁ)/ [pẽ.duˈɾa(χ)]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /pẽ.duˈɾa(ɻ)/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /pẽ.duˈɾaɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /pẽ.duˈɾaɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /pẽ.duˈɾa.ɾi/

• Hyphenation: pen‧du‧rar

Verb

pendurar (first-person singular present penduro, first-person singular preterite pendurei, past participle pendurado)

1. to hang (cause (something) to be suspended)
2. (figurative) to give up or retire from a profession (followed by the name of a piece of clothing associated with the profession)
   • 2005, Jean Hatzfeld, Rosa Freire d’Aguiar, Uma Temporada de Facões, Editora Companhia das Letras, page 271:

     Largou o Exército para tornar-se policial da comuna, e pendurou o uniforme em 1992, quando foi mais ou menos afastado depois de um crime; desde então dedicou- se totalmente à lavoura.

     He quit the army to become a police officer in the city, and hung his uniform (=retired from the police) in 1992, when he was more-or-less suspended after a crime; since then he has dedicated himself entirely to agriculture.

3. to put on one's tab (informal credit account in a bar or shop)

Conjugation

    Conjugation of pendurar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	pendurar
Personal	pendurar	pendurares	pendurar	pendurarmos	pendurardes	pendurarem
Gerund
	pendurando
Past participle
Masculine	pendurado			pendurados
Feminine	pendurada			penduradas
Indicative
Present	penduro	penduras	pendura	penduramos	pendurais	penduram
Imperfect	pendurava	penduravas	pendurava	pendurávamos	penduráveis	penduravam
Preterite	pendurei	penduraste	pendurou	penduramos1, pendurámos2	pendurastes	penduraram
Pluperfect	pendurara	penduraras	pendurara	penduráramos	penduráreis	penduraram
Future	pendurarei	pendurarás	pendurará	penduraremos	pendurareis	pendurarão
Conditional	penduraria	pendurarias	penduraria	penduraríamos	penduraríeis	pendurariam
Subjunctive
Present	pendure	pendures	pendure	penduremos	pendureis	pendurem
Imperfect	pendurasse	pendurasses	pendurasse	pendurássemos	pendurásseis	pendurassem
Future	pendurar	pendurares	pendurar	pendurarmos	pendurardes	pendurarem
Imperative
Affirmative		pendura	pendure	penduremos	pendurai	pendurem
Negative (não)		não pendures	não pendure	não penduremos	não pendureis	não pendurem

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.

Synonyms

• (hang): pender, suspender
• (to retire): aposentar-se

Antonyms

• (antonym(s) of “hang”): despendurar

Related terms

• pêndulo
• pendurado