saillir

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French

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Inherited from Middle French saillir, from Old French saillir, salir, from Latin salīre, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *sl̥-ye-.

Verb

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saillir

  1. (archaic, chiefly of a liquid) to spurt
  2. (archaic) to sire (to procreate)
Conjugation
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This verb is part of a small group of verbs in -ir that conjugate in the indicative imperfect and present, the subjunctive present, and the present participle, as if they ended in -er. They are sometimes written with an 'e' in the future and imperfect, like cueillir and other verbs in -llir. This verb is conjugated only in the third person.

Conjugation of saillir (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive simple saillir
compound avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1 simple saillant
/sa.jɑ̃/
compound ayant + past participle
past participle sailli
/sa.ji/
singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative je (j’) tu il, elle, on nous vous ils, elles
(simple
tenses) 		present — — saille
/saj/ 		— — saillent
/saj/
imperfect — — saillait
/sa.jɛ/ 		— — saillaient
/sa.jɛ/
past historic2 — — saillit
/sa.ji/ 		— — saillirent
/sa.jiʁ/
future — — saillira or saillera
/sa.ji.ʁa/ or /saj.ʁa/ 		— — sailliront or sailleront
/sa.ji.ʁɔ̃/ or /saj.ʁɔ̃/
conditional — — saillirait or saillerait
/sa.ji.ʁɛ/ or /saj.ʁɛ/ 		— — sailliraient or sailleraient
/sa.ji.ʁɛ/ or /saj.ʁɛ/
(compound
tenses) 		present perfect present indicative of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
past anterior2 past historic of avoir + past participle
future perfect future of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que je (j’) que tu qu’il, qu’elle que nous que vous qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple
tenses) 		present — — saille
/saj/ 		— — saillent
/saj/
imperfect2 — — saillît
/sa.ji/ 		— — saillissent
/sa.jis/
(compound
tenses) 		past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect2 imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nous vous –
simple — — — — — —
compound — simple imperative of avoir + past participle — simple imperative of avoir + past participle simple imperative of avoir + past participle —
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
  • past historic → present perfect
  • past anterior → pluperfect
  • imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive
  • pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive

(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Etymology 2

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Verb

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saillir

  1. to stick out, bulge out, jut out
Conjugation
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This is a regular verb of the second conjugation, like finir, choisir, and most other verbs with infinitives ending in -ir. One salient feature of this conjugation is the repeated appearance of the infix -iss-.

Conjugation of saillir (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive simple saillir
compound avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1 simple saillissant
/sa.ji.sɑ̃/
compound ayant + past participle
past participle sailli
/sa.ji/
singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative je (j’) tu il, elle, on nous vous ils, elles
(simple
tenses) 		present saillis
/sa.ji/ 		saillis
/sa.ji/ 		saillit
/sa.ji/ 		saillissons
/sa.ji.sɔ̃/ 		saillissez
/sa.ji.se/ 		saillissent
/sa.jis/
imperfect saillissais
/sa.ji.sɛ/ 		saillissais
/sa.ji.sɛ/ 		saillissait
/sa.ji.sɛ/ 		saillissions
/sa.ji.sjɔ̃/ 		saillissiez
/sa.ji.sje/ 		saillissaient
/sa.ji.sɛ/
past historic2 saillis
/sa.ji/ 		saillis
/sa.ji/ 		saillit
/sa.ji/ 		saillîmes
/sa.jim/ 		saillîtes
/sa.jit/ 		saillirent
/sa.jiʁ/
future saillirai
/sa.ji.ʁe/ 		sailliras
/sa.ji.ʁa/ 		saillira
/sa.ji.ʁa/ 		saillirons
/sa.ji.ʁɔ̃/ 		saillirez
/sa.ji.ʁe/ 		sailliront
/sa.ji.ʁɔ̃/
conditional saillirais
/sa.ji.ʁɛ/ 		saillirais
/sa.ji.ʁɛ/ 		saillirait
/sa.ji.ʁɛ/ 		saillirions
/sa.ji.ʁjɔ̃/ 		sailliriez
/sa.ji.ʁje/ 		sailliraient
/sa.ji.ʁɛ/
(compound
tenses) 		present perfect present indicative of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
past anterior2 past historic of avoir + past participle
future perfect future of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que je (j’) que tu qu’il, qu’elle que nous que vous qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple
tenses) 		present saillisse
/sa.jis/ 		saillisses
/sa.jis/ 		saillisse
/sa.jis/ 		saillissions
/sa.ji.sjɔ̃/ 		saillissiez
/sa.ji.sje/ 		saillissent
/sa.jis/
imperfect2 saillisse
/sa.jis/ 		saillisses
/sa.jis/ 		saillît
/sa.ji/ 		saillissions
/sa.ji.sjɔ̃/ 		saillissiez
/sa.ji.sje/ 		saillissent
/sa.jis/
(compound
tenses) 		past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect2 imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nous vous –
simple — saillis
/sa.ji/ 		— saillissons
/sa.ji.sɔ̃/ 		saillissez
/sa.ji.se/ 		—
compound — simple imperative of avoir + past participle — simple imperative of avoir + past participle simple imperative of avoir + past participle —
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
  • past historic → present perfect
  • past anterior → pluperfect
  • imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive
  • pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive

(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Further reading

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Middle French

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Etymology

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From Old French salir, from Latin salīre, present active infinitive of saliō.

Verb

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saillir

  1. to jump
  2. (figuratively) to fly through the air, to get knocked into the air
    • 1488, Jean Dupré, Lancelot du Lac, page 15:
      faisant saillir le sang des chairs
      making the blood fly through the air out of their flesh

Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • French: saillir

Old French

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Verb

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saillir

  1. alternative infinitive of salir.

Conjugation

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This verb conjugates as a third-group verb. This verb has irregularities in its conjugation. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

    Conjugation of saillir (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
simple compound
infinitive saillir avoir sali, sailli
gerund en salant, saillant gerund of avoir + past participle
present participle salant, saillant
past participle sali, sailli
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative jo tu il nos vos il
simple
tenses 		present sail saus saut salons, saillons salez, sailliez salent, saillent
imperfect saloie, saleie, sailloie, sailleie saloies, saleies, sailloies, sailleies saloit, saleit, sailloit, sailleit saliiens, saliens, sailliiens, sailliens saliiez, saliez, sailliiez, sailliez saloient, saleient, sailloient, sailleient
preterite sali, sailli salis, saillis sali, sailli salimes, saillimes salistes, saillistes salirent, saillirent
future saudrai saudras saudra saudrons saudroiz, saudreiz, saudrez saudront
conditional saudroie, saudreie saudroies, saudreies saudroit, saudreit saudriiens, saudriens saudriiez, saudriez saudroient, saudreient
compound
tenses 		present perfect present tense of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect tense of avoir + past participle
past anterior preterite tense of avoir + past participle
future perfect future tense of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional tense of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que jo que tu qu’il que nos que vos qu’il
simple
tenses 		present saille sailles saille sailliens, saillons sailliez saillent
imperfect saillise saillises saillit saillisons, saillisiens saillisoiz, saillisez, saillisiez saillisent
compound
tenses 		past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nos vos –
— sail — salons, saillons salez, sailliez —

Derived terms

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Descendants

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