adjuvant

English

Etymology

From Latin adiuvāns, present participle of adiuvāre (“to help”), from ad (“to”) + iuvāre (“to help”).

Pronunciation

• enPR: 'ăj-ə-vənt, IPA^(key): /ˈæd͡ʒ.ə.vənt/

Adjective

adjuvant

1. Helping; helpful; assisting. [from 16th c.]
2. (medicine) Designating a supplementary form of treatment, especially a cancer therapy administered after removal of a primary tumor. [from 19th c.]
   • 2010, Siddhartha Mukherjee, The Emperor of all Maladies, Fourth Estate, published 2011, page 219:

     Adjuvant chemotherapy, Carbone conjectured, could be the surgeon's little helper.

Synonyms

• ancillary, complementary, contributory, extra, supporting

Translations

helpful

• Finnish: avustava (fi), auttavainen (fi), tuki- (fi)
• German: unterstützend (de), hilfreich (de)
• Spanish: adyuvante (es)

medicine: involving an adjuvant

• Finnish: adjuvanttinen
• French: adjuvant (fr)
• Italian: adiuvante, coadiuvante (it)
• Portuguese: adjuvante
• Spanish: adyuvante (es)

Noun

adjuvant (plural adjuvants)

1. Someone who helps or facilitates; an assistant, a helper. [from 16th c.]
2. (medicine) Something that enhances the effectiveness of a medical treatment; a supplementary treatment. [from 18th c.]
3. (pharmacology) An additive (as in a drug) that aids or modifies the action of the principal ingredient. [from 19th c.]
5. (agriculture) An additive (often a separate product) that enhances the efficacy of pesticide products, but has little or no pesticidal activity itself. [from mid 20th c.]
6. (immunology) A substance enhancing the immune response to an antigen. [from 20th c.]
   • Gay, Frederick P., Claypole, Edit J. (1914) “Specific Hyperleukocytosis: Studies In Typhoid Immunization”, in Archives of Internal Medicine‎^[1], volume XIV, number 5, →DOI, →ISSN, retrieved 16 April 2020, pages 662–670

     The well-known tropic action of immune serum as an adjuvant to phagocytosis suggested early in our studies that we might here be dealing with a similar phenomenon.

Synonyms

• accessory, assistant, attendant, satellite, secondary, subordinate, subservient, subsidiary.

Derived terms

• adjuvancy
• adjuvanted
• adjuvanticity
• adjuvantly
• adjuvant therapy
• chemoadjuvant
• coadjuvant
• Freund's adjuvant
• immunoadjuvant
• neoadjuvant
• postneoadjuvant

 

Translations

someone who helps or facilitates

• Finnish: avustaja (fi), apuri (fi), assistentti (fi), adjutantti (fi), apumies (fi)

medicine: something that enhances the effectiveness of a medical treatment

• Finnish: adjuvantti (fi)

pharmacology: additive that aids or modifies the action of the principal ingredient

• Czech: adjuvans (cs) n
• Finnish: adjuvantti (fi)

pesticides: additive that enhances the efficacy of pesticides

• Finnish: liitännäisaine
• Polish: adiuwant m
• Swedish: adjuvant c

immunology: substance enhancing the immune response

• Czech: adjuvans (cs) n
• Finnish: adjuvantti (fi)

Related terms

• adjutant
• aid
• aidance
• aidant
• aide

Further reading

• “adjuvant”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
• “adjuvant”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.
• “adjuvant”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.

French

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /a.dʒy.vɑ̃/

• Audio:

  (file)

Adjective

adjuvant (feminine adjuvante, masculine plural adjuvants, feminine plural adjuvantes)

1. adjuvant

Noun

adjuvant m (plural adjuvants)

1. adjuvant

Further reading

• “adjuvant”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Latin

Verb

adjuvant

1. third-person plural present active indicative of adjuvō

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from French adjuvant or German Adjuvant.

Adjective

adjuvant m or n (feminine singular adjuvantă, masculine plural adjuvanți, feminine and neuter plural adjuvante)

1. adjuvant

Declension

Declension of adjuvant

		singular			plural
		masculine	neuter	feminine	masculine	neuter	feminine
nominative/ accusative	indefinite	adjuvant		adjuvantă	adjuvanți	adjuvante
	definite	adjuvantul		adjuvanta	adjuvanții	adjuvantele
genitive/ dative	indefinite	adjuvant		adjuvante	adjuvanți	adjuvante
	definite	adjuvantului		adjuvantei	adjuvanților	adjuvantelor

Noun

adjuvant m (plural adjuvanți)

1. adjuvant

Declension

Declension of adjuvant

	singular		plural
	indefinite articulation	definite articulation	indefinite articulation	definite articulation
nominative/accusative	(un) adjuvant	adjuvantul	(niște) adjuvanți	adjuvanții
genitive/dative	(unui) adjuvant	adjuvantului	(unor) adjuvanți	adjuvanților
vocative	adjuvantule		adjuvanților