cibus

Latin

Etymology

Of unknown origin. Perhaps borrowed from Ancient Greek κίβος (kíbos, “box, chest”) / κίβισις (kíbisis, “pouch”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈki.bus/, [ˈkɪbʊs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈt͡ʃi.bus/, [ˈt͡ʃiːbus]

Noun

cibus m (genitive cibī); second declension

1. food, fodder
2. nourishment, sustenance
3. (metonymically) meal

Declension

Second-declension noun.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	cibus	cibī
Genitive	cibī	cibōrum
Dative	cibō	cibīs
Accusative	cibum	cibōs
Ablative	cibō	cibīs
Vocative	cibe	cibī

Derived terms

• cibālis
• cibārius
• cibicida
• cibō

Related terms

• cibātiō
• cibātus

Descendants

• Italo-Romance:
  • Neapolitan: civo

    Abruzzo: /ˈt͡ʃajvə/, /ˈt͡ʃojvə/

  • Sicilian: civu
• North Italian:
  • Ladin: /ˈt͡ʃejf/ (Valgardena)
  • San-Fratello Lombard: /ˈt͡sajf/
• Ibero-Romance:
  • Asturian: cebu
  • Galician: cebo
  • Portuguese: cevo
  • Spanish: cebo
• Insular Romance:
  • Sardinian: chibu, chivu (Nuorese), chiu, criu, cria (Logudorese), ciu, giu (Campidanian)
• Borrowings:
  • → Italian: cibo
  • → Portuguese: cibo
  • → Romanian: cib
  • → Spanish: cibo

References

• Meyer-Lübke, Wilhelm (1911) “cibus”, in Romanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), page 150
• De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “cēterus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 112
• Thurneysen 1907 (cf. WH).

Further reading

• “cibus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “cibus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• cibus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• cibus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to take food: cibum sumere, capere
    
  • to digest food: cibum concoquere, conficere
    
  • to be a great eater: multi cibi esse, edacem esse
    
  • to set food before a person: cibum apponere, ponere alicui
    
  • to take only enough food to support life: tantum cibi et potionis adhibere quantum satis est
    
  • delicacies: cibus delicatus
    
  • (ambiguous) to allay one's hunger, thirst: famem sitimque depellere cibo et potione
    
  • (ambiguous) to refresh oneself, minister to one's bodily wants: corpus curare (cibo, vino, somno)
    
  • (ambiguous) to abstain from all nourishment: cibo se abstinere