chun

See also: chūn, chún, chǔn, chun1, chun2, and chun3

Irish

Alternative forms

• chum, do chum (obsolete)
• chuin (Munster)
• ’un (contraction)

Etymology

From Old Irish dochum.

Pronunciation

• (Munster) IPA^(key): /xɪnʲ/ (reflecting the spelling chuin)
• IPA^(key): /xʊnˠ/

Preposition

chun (plus genitive, triggers no mutation)

1. to, toward

   ceathrú chun a trí ― a quarter to three

2. in order to

   Synonyms: d'fhonn, le

   Chuaigh sí go dtí an sioppa chun téip dhúchta a cheanach.

   She's gone to the shop in order to buy duct tape.

3. going to (as a predicate of bí, followed by a verb phrase)

   Synonyms: ar tí, le, le haghaidh

   1. expressing intended action

      Tá mé chun é a fheiceáil amárach. ― I’m going to see him tomorrow.

   2. expressing prospective action

      Bhí mé chun ceist a chur ort. ― I was about to ask you a question.

4. (quasi-passive) have to expressing a necessary or planned action (as a predicate of bí, followed by genitive of verbal noun)

   Tá an linn snámha chun folmhaithe. ― The pool is to be emptied.

Usage notes

The personal forms of chuig are used for this preposition as well.

Synonyms

• chuig

Derived terms

• See Category:Irish phrasal verbs formed with "chun"

References

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “dochum”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “chun”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
• Sjoestedt, M. L. (1938) Description d’un parler irlandais de Kerry (in French), Paris: Librairie Ancienne Honoré Champion, page 100

Mandarin

Romanization

chun

1. Nonstandard spelling of chūn.
2. Nonstandard spelling of chún.
3. Nonstandard spelling of chǔn.

Usage notes

• Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.

Scottish Gaelic

Alternative forms

• chon, chum, thun, ghon

Etymology

From Old Irish dochum.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /xɔn/, /xon/
• (Wester Ross) IPA^(key): /ɣɔn/ (corresponding to the form ghon)

Preposition

chun (+ genitive)

1. to, towards

   An tèid sibh chun na dùthcha sin? ― Will you go to that country?

2. as far as

Usage notes

• Used before the definite article, otherwise gu is used.