Samhain
English
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- IPA(key): /ˈsaʊ.wən/, /ˈsaʊ.wɪn/
- IPA(key): (deprecated spelling pronunciation) /ˈsæm.heɪn/
Audio (US): (file)
Proper noun
[edit]Samhain
- A holiday, falling on the night of 31 October to 1 November, celebrated by the ancient Celts and by modern neo-pagans as the beginning of winter and the new year, and a time during which the spirits of the dead could return to the earth.
Synonyms
[edit]Translations
[edit]See also
[edit]- (Wiccan Sabbats) Samhain, Yule, Imbolc, Ostara, Beltane, Midsummer, Lughnasadh, Mabon (Category: en:Wicca)
Anagrams
[edit]Irish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Old Irish Samain (“Halloween”), from Proto-Celtic *Samonyos (compare Gaulish samoni-) or a genitive *samonis,[1] either from Proto-Indo-European *smH-on- (“together; reunion, assembly”) (compare Old High German saman (“together”), Gothic 𐍃𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌰 (samana, “together, in common”), Sanskrit समन (samaná, “together”), सम् (sám, “with”), Avestan 𐬵𐬀 (ha), 𐬵𐬀𐬨 (ham, “together”)), from the root *sem- (“together, whole”), or alternatively from the same element found in the compound *kentusamonyos (“beginning of summer”), a derivation from Proto-Celtic *samos (“summer”) (compare Old Irish sam (“summer”), Welsh haf (“summer”)) from Proto-Indo-European *sm̥h₂ós (“summer”) < *semh₂-.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Munster) IPA(key): /sˠɑ̃u(ə)nʲ/[2]
- (Connacht) IPA(key): /sˠəunʲ/, /ˈsˠɑvˠən/
- (Ulster) IPA(key): /ˈsˠãuwənʲ/[3]
Noun
[edit]Samhain f (genitive singular Samhna, nominative plural Samhnacha)
- November
- 21 January 1919, Constitution of Dáil Éireann, Fourth Article
- Beidh an tAireach freagarthach don Dáil san airgead a gheobhfar mar sin agus leagfaidh sé cúntaisí mionscrúduighthe ar chaitheamh an airgid fé bhrághaid na Dála dhá uair sa bhliadhain – um Shamhain is um Bealtaine.
- The Ministry shall be answerable to the Dáil for such moneys, and the accounts shall be audited with regard to the spending of money for the Dáil twice yearly – in November and May.
- 18 September 2012, Foinse, Deir Mitt Romney go bhfuil vótálaithe Obama 'ag brath ar an rialtas' i bhfíseán a sceitheadh
- Is cosúil go bhfuil Romney ag labhairt le grúpa deontóirí saibhre níos luaithe i mbliana san fhíseán agus é ag labhairt go hoscailte faoina straitéis le díriú ar an bpíosa beag den daonra nach bhfuil cinneadh déanta acu go fóill i dtaobh toghchán na Samhna ...
- Romney appears to be talking to a group of rich donors earlier this year in the video, and he's talking openly about the strategy of targeting the small portion of the population who still haven't made a decision about November's election ...
- 21 January 1919, Constitution of Dáil Éireann, Fourth Article
- Samhain (Celtic festival); (more generally) the first of November.
- 1906, E. C. Quiggin, “Áindrías an Ime”, in A Dialect of Donegal: Being the Speech of Meenawannia in the Parish of Glenties, page 196:
- Seachtmhain roimhe Shamhain chuaidh an Seónstanach siar ⁊ seacht ngearráin ⁊ péire cliabh air ghach gearrán fá choinne a chuid ime.
- A week before Samhain, Johnstone went back with seven geldings and a pair of panniers on each gelding for his butter.
Declension
[edit]
Bare forms
|
Forms with the definite article
|
Derived terms
[edit]- Mí na Samhna (“Month of November”)
- Oíche Shamhna f (“Halloween”)
- Sean-Samhain
Mutation
[edit]Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Eclipsis |
Samhain | Shamhain after an, tSamhain |
not applicable |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
See also
[edit]- (Gregorian calendar months) Eanáir, Feabhra, Márta, Aibreán, Bealtaine, Meitheamh, Iúil, Lúnasa, Meán Fómhair, Deireadh Fómhair, Samhain, Mí na Nollag (Category: ga:Months)
References
[edit]- ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*samoni-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 322
- ^ Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, § 200, page 101
- ^ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 144, page 57
Further reading
[edit]- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “Samhain”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
- de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “Samhain”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
- “Samhain”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2024
Scottish Gaelic
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Proper noun
[edit]Samhain f (genitive Samhna)
- (with article: an t-Samhain) November
- All Saints' Day
- All Souls' Day
Derived terms
[edit]- Oidhche Shamhna
- Samh (abbreviation)
- samhnag (“bonfire or torch used at Halloween”)
- samhnair (“trick-or-treater”)
Mutation
[edit]Scottish Gaelic mutation | |
---|---|
Radical | Lenition |
Samhain | Shamhain after "an", t-Samhain |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
See also
[edit]- English terms borrowed from Irish
- English terms derived from Irish
- English 2-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio links
- English lemmas
- English proper nouns
- English uncountable nouns
- en:Wicca
- en:Holidays
- Irish terms inherited from Old Irish
- Irish terms derived from Old Irish
- Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic
- Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic
- Irish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Irish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Irish lemmas
- Irish nouns
- Irish feminine nouns
- Irish terms with quotations
- Irish fifth-declension nouns
- ga:Months
- ga:Calendar
- Scottish Gaelic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Scottish Gaelic lemmas
- Scottish Gaelic proper nouns
- Scottish Gaelic feminine nouns
- gd:Gregorian calendar months
- gd:Months
- gd:Time
- gd:Calendar