軌道

See also: 轨道

Chinese

		course; path; track course; path; track; rail	direction; way; method direction; way; method; road; path; principle; truth; reason; skill; Tao (of Taoism); a measure word; to say; to speak; to talk
trad. (軌道)		軌	道
simp. (轨道)		轨	道

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): guǐdào

  (Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄟˇ ㄉㄠˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gwai² dou⁶
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kúi-tho
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): khúi-tō͘ / kúi-tō / khúi-tō

  (Teochew, Peng'im): kui² dao⁶

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵kue-dau; ¹kue-dau

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)
    • Hanyu Pinyin: guǐdào
    • Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄟˇ ㄉㄠˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: guěidào
    • Wade–Giles: kuei³-tao⁴
    • Yale: gwěi-dàu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: goeidaw
    • Palladius: гуйдао (gujdao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ku̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ tɑʊ̯⁵¹/
    • Homophones:

      [Show/Hide]
      edit edit 軌道／轨道 鬼道

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: gwai² dou⁶
    • Yale: gwái douh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gwai² dou⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: guei² dou⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʷɐi̯³⁵ tou̯²²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kúi-tho
    • Hakka Romanization System: gui^ˋ to
    • Hagfa Pinyim: gui³ to⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /ku̯i³¹ tʰo⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khúi-tō͘
    • Tâi-lô: khuí-tōo
    • Phofsit Daibuun: quy'do
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰui⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tɔ⁴¹/
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kúi-tō
    • Tâi-lô: kuí-tō
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kuy'doi
    • IPA (Taipei): /kui⁵³⁻⁴⁴ to³³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kui⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tɤ³³/
  • (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khúi-tō
    • Tâi-lô: khuí-tō
    • Phofsit Daibuun: quy'doi
    • IPA (Taipei): /kʰui⁵³⁻⁴⁴ to³³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /kʰui⁵³⁻⁴⁴ to²²/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰui⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tɤ³³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: kui² dao⁶
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: khúi tău
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰui⁵²⁻³⁵ tau³⁵/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁵kue-dau; ¹kue-dau
    • MiniDict: kue^去 dau; kue^平 dau
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²kue-dau; ¹kue-dau
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /kue³³ dɔ⁴⁴/, /kue⁵⁵ dɔ²¹/

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• Middle Chinese: kwijX dawX

Rime
Character	軌	道
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)	定 (7)
Final (韻)	脂 (18)	豪 (89)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Open
Division (等)	III	I
Fanqie	居洧切	徒晧切
Baxter	kwijX	dawX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kˠiuɪX/	/dɑuX/
Pan Wuyun	/kʷᵚiX/	/dɑuX/
Shao Rongfen	/kiuɪX/	/dɑuX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kjwiX/	/dawX/
Li Rong	/kjuiX/	/dɑuX/
Wang Li	/kwiX/	/dɑuX/
Bernhard Karlgren	/kwiX/	/dʱɑuX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	guǐ	dào
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gwai2	dou6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*kʷruʔ  [kə.l]ˤuʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*kʷrɯwʔ  l'uːʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	軌	道
Reading #	1/1	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	guǐ	dào
Middle Chinese	‹ kwijX ›	‹ dawX ›
Old Chinese	/*kʷruʔ/	/*[kə.l]ˁuʔ/
English	wheel ruts	way
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	軌	道
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	6958	11669
Phonetic component	九	首
Rime group	幽	幽
Rime subdivision	2	1
Corresponding MC rime	軌	道
Old Chinese	/*kʷrɯwʔ/	/*l'uːʔ/

Noun

軌道

1. railroad track; railway; tram line
2. (astronomy) orbit
3. (chemistry) orbital
4. trajectory

Derived terms

• 上軌道／上轨道 (shàng guǐdào)
• 雜化軌道／杂化轨道 (záhuà guǐdào)

 

Related terms

• 路線／路线 (lùxiàn)

Verb

軌道

1. (archaic and uncommon, figurative) to abide by the laws and regulations; to follow the ways of propriety (literally, "to ride on the [correct, proper] track")

   • 諸侯軌道，兵革不動。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     诸侯轨道，兵革不动。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Jia Yi (賈誼), c. 173 BCE. On the Government of Peace (《治安策》).

     Zhūhóu guǐdào, bīnggé bùdòng. [Pinyin]

     The Nobility abides by the laws, and martial implements are put to rest.

Japanese

Kanji in this term
軌	道
き Grade: S	どう Grade: 2
on'yomi

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) きどー [kìdóó] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [kʲido̞ː]

Noun

軌(き)道(どう) • (kidō) ^{←きだう (kidau)?}

1. (astronomy) orbit
2. (chemistry) orbital
3. railroad track
4. trajectory

Korean

Hanja in this term
軌	道

Noun

軌道 • (gwedo) (hangeul 궤도)

1. hanja form^? of 궤도 (“railroad track; (astronomy) orbit”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
軌	道

Noun

軌道

1. chữ Hán form of quỹ đạo (“trajectory; (astronomy) orbit”).