pinus

See also: Pinus

English

Etymology

From the genus name. Doublet of pine.

Noun

pinus (plural pinuses)

1. (botany) Any member of the genus Pinus; a pine.
   • 1839, J. C. Loudon, The Gardener's Magazine, page 420:

     I have been invited to see the garden of Baron Zanoli, situated on the high road from Monza to Milan, in which I am told there are fine exotic trees and shrubs, and especially a rich collection of pinuses.

   • 1853, George Greenwood, The tree-lifter, page 265:

     As the generality of pinuses grow by nature into magnificent and gigantic forest-trees, they should, I think, be planted in our parks as well as in our flower-gardens, shrubberies, and lawns.

Latin

pīnus (a pine)

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *pīnos, of disputed origin, with multiple theories proposed:

• From the same origin as Ancient Greek πῐ́νᾰξ (pínax, “wooden board, plank”).
• From the same origin as Ancient Greek πίτῠς (pítus, “pine tree”) and Albanian pishë (“id”), which is generally reconstructed as Proto-Indo-European *pī́ts.
• Related to pix (“pitch, tar”), itself generally considered of the same origin as the second etymology above.

See also Sanskrit पितु (pitu, “sap, juice, resin”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈpiː.nus/, [ˈpiːnʊs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈpi.nus/, [ˈpiːnus]

Noun

pīnus f (variously declined, genitive pīnūs or pīnī); fourth declension, second declension

1. pine tree, fir tree
2. pinewood, or a thing made of such wood
3. lance, spear
4. wreath of pine leaves
5. pine forest, pineland

   Synonym: pinetum

Declension

Fourth-declension noun or second-declension noun.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	pīnus	pīnūs pīnī
Genitive	pīnūs pīnī	pīnuum pīnōrum
Dative	pīnuī pīnō	pīnibus pīnīs
Accusative	pīnum	pīnūs pīnōs
Ablative	pīnū pīnō	pīnibus pīnīs
Vocative	pīnus pīne	pīnūs pīnī

Derived terms

• pīnastellus
• pīnaster
• pīnea
• pīnētum
• pīneum
• pīneus
• pīnifer
• pīniger

 

Descendants

• Aragonese: pino
• Aromanian: chin
• Asturian: pinu
• Corsican: pinu
• French: pin
• Friulian: pin
• Italian: pino
• Old Galician-Portuguese: pinho, pino (archaic)
  • Fala: pinu
  • Galician: piño
  • Portuguese: pinho
• Old Occitan: pin
  • Catalan: pi
  • Occitan: pin
• Romanian: pin
• Romansch: pin, pegn
• Sardinian: opinu
• Sicilian: pignu
• Spanish: pino
• Translingual: Pinus
• Venetan: pin
• → Basque: pinu
• → Proto-West Germanic: *pīnā (see there for further descendants)
• → Irish: péine, pín
• → Welsh: pin

References

• “pinus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “pinus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• pinus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• pinus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.