festinus
Ido
editPronunciation
editVerb
editfestinus
- conditional of festinar
Latin
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Italic *fristis (“haste”) + -nus, with *fristis only finding secure cognates in Celtic such as Welsh brys.[1]
Pronunciation
edit- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /fesˈtiː.nus/, [fɛs̠ˈt̪iːnʊs̠]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /fesˈti.nus/, [fesˈt̪iːnus]
Adjective
editfestīnus (feminine festīna, neuter festīnum); first/second-declension adjective
Usage notes
editAccording to Döderlein, celer and citus mean "swift, fast, quick" in terms of quick motion (in general) with tardus as their antonym. More specifically, citus refers to a lively motion, whereas celer refers to an eager or impetuous motion.
On the other hand, pernīx and vēlōx as "quick" denote a level of athletic nimbleness in terms of bodily activity, with lentus as their antonym. More specifically, pernīx involves a level of dexterity and quickness in an eclectic range of actions (such as climbing, hurdling, jumping, vaulting, etc.); whereas vēlōx is especially used for running, swimming and flying (moving in a direction)
Thirdly, festīnus and properus as "quick" refer specifically to one's speed in terms of the shortest time to reach a destination, with sēgnis as their antonym. More specifically, festīnus intimates a certain level of impatience, whereas properus simply indicates a haste from energy simply.
Declension
editFirst/second-declension adjective.
Number | Singular | Plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case / Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |
Nominative | festīnus | festīna | festīnum | festīnī | festīnae | festīna | |
Genitive | festīnī | festīnae | festīnī | festīnōrum | festīnārum | festīnōrum | |
Dative | festīnō | festīnō | festīnīs | ||||
Accusative | festīnum | festīnam | festīnum | festīnōs | festīnās | festīna | |
Ablative | festīnō | festīnā | festīnō | festīnīs | |||
Vocative | festīne | festīna | festīnum | festīnī | festīnae | festīna |
Derived terms
editReferences
edit- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “festinō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 216
Further reading
edit- “festinus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “festinus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- festinus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.