Wiktionary

stratum

English

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chalk strata (2)

Etymology

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Borrowed from Latin strātum (“a spread for a bed, coverlet, quilt, blanket; a pillow, bolster; a bed”), neuter singular of strātus, perfect passive participle of sternō (“spread”). Doublet of estrade.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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stratum (plural stratums or strata)

  1. One of several parallel horizontal layers of material arranged one on top of another.
    Synonym: tier
    • 1884, Alfred Ronald Conkling, Appleton's Guide to Mexico, page 43:
      It is built of alternate strata of brick and clay, and the sides correspond to the direction of the meridians and parallels.
    • 1952 July, W. R. Watson, “Sankey Viaduct and Embankment”, in Railway Magazine, page 487:
      He describes the operation thus: "The heavy ram employed to impart the finishing strokes, hoisted up with double purchase and snail's pace to the summit of the Piling Engine, and then falling down like a thunderbolt on the head of the devoted timber, driving it perhaps a single half inch in to the stratum below, is well calculated to put to the test the virtue of patience, while it illustrates the old adage of—slow and sure."
  3. (geology) A layer of sedimentary rock having approximately the same composition throughout.
    Synonyms: bed, layer
    Coordinate term: seam
    • 1961 November, “Talking of Trains: The subsidence problem”, in Trains Illustrated, page 651:
      An illuminating article in a recent issue of the Eastern Region's Civil Engineering News points out that where coal is worked over a reasonably large area, it is not only the whole of the strata above the workings, but also an area beyond which is liable to subside at varying rates after the coal has been removed.
  4. Any of the regions of the atmosphere, such as the stratosphere, that occur as layers.
  5. (biology) A layer of tissue.
  6. A class of society composed of people with similar social, cultural, or economic status.
  7. (ecology) A layer of vegetation, usually of similar height.
  8. (computing) The level of accuracy of a computer's clock, relative to others on the network.
    • 2006, Roderick W. Smith, Linux Samba Server Administration:
      Computers that synchronize themselves to the stratum 1 time servers are known as stratum 2 time servers if they allow others to synchronize to them, and so on.

Derived terms

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Translations

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Further reading

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French

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Latin stratum. Doublet of estrade.

Noun

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stratum m (plural stratums)

  1. stratum

Indonesian

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Etymology

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From Dutch stratum, from Latin stratum. Doublet of setrat and strata.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [ˈstratʊm]
  • Hyphenation: stra‧tum

Noun

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stratum (first-person possessive stratumku, second-person possessive stratummu, third-person possessive stratumnya)

  1. (geology) stratum, a layer of sedimentary rock having approximately the same composition throughout.
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Further reading

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Latin

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Etymology

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From strātus, perfect passive participle of sternō (“spread”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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strātum n (genitive strātī); second declension

  1. a bed-covering, coverlet, quilt, blanket
  2. a pillow, bolster
  3. a bed, couch
    Synonym: lectus
  4. a horse-blanket, saddle-cloth
  5. a pavement

Declension

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Second-declension noun (neuter).

singular plural
nominative strātum strāta
genitive strātī strātōrum
dative strātō strātīs
accusative strātum strāta
ablative strātō strātīs
vocative strātum strāta

Descendants

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Verb

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strātum

  1. accusative supine of sternō

References

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  • “stratum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “stratum”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • stratum in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • stratum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
    • (ambiguous) a street, a made road: via strata
    • (ambiguous) to prostrate oneself before a person: ad pedes alicuius iacēre, stratum esse (stratum iacēre)
    • (ambiguous) all have perished by the sword: omnia strata sunt ferro
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