puro

See also: Puro and puró

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish puro, shortened from cigarro puro.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpʊəɹəʊ/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ʊəɹəʊ

Noun

puro (plural puros)

1. A cigar, especially one made with tobacco from a single country.

Anagrams

• pour, roup

Asturian

Adjective

puro

1. neuter of puru

Bikol Central

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Spanish puro.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpuɾo/ [ˈpu.ɾo]
• Hyphenation: pu‧ro

Adjective

púro (Basahan spelling ᜉᜓᜍᜓ)

1. pure

   Synonym: liso

Adverb

púro (Basahan spelling ᜉᜓᜍᜓ)

1. completely

   Synonym: entero

2. all

   Synonym: liso

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /puˈɾo/ [puˈɾo]
• Hyphenation: pu‧ro

Noun

puró (Basahan spelling ᜉᜓᜍᜓ)

1. edge; rim; end

   Synonyms: gilid, gati

Etymology 3

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *pujuq.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /puˈɾoʔ/ [puˈɾoʔ]
• Hyphenation: pu‧ro

Noun

purô (Basahan spelling ᜉᜓᜍᜓ)

1. (formal) island

   Synonym: isla

Derived terms

• kapuruan

 

Finnish

Etymology

Probably purista +‎ -o in reference to the sound made by running water in a creek. Related to Karelian puro.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpuro/, [ˈpuro̞]
• Rhymes: -uro
• Syllabification^(key): pu‧ro

Noun

puro

1. stream, streamlet, brook, creek (body of running water smaller than a river)

Declension

Inflection of puro (Kotus type 1/valo, no gradation)
nominative		puro	purot
genitive		puron	purojen
partitive		puroa	puroja
illative		puroon	puroihin
		singular	plural
nominative		puro	purot
accusative	nom.	puro	purot
	gen.	puron
genitive		puron	purojen
partitive		puroa	puroja
inessive		purossa	puroissa
elative		purosta	puroista
illative		puroon	puroihin
adessive		purolla	puroilla
ablative		purolta	puroilta
allative		purolle	puroille
essive		purona	puroina
translative		puroksi	puroiksi
abessive		purotta	puroitta
instructive		—	puroin
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of puro (Kotus type 1/valo, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative puroni puroni accusative nom. puroni puroni gen. puroni genitive puroni purojeni partitive puroani purojani inessive purossani puroissani elative purostani puroistani illative purooni puroihini adessive purollani puroillani ablative puroltani puroiltani allative purolleni puroilleni essive puronani puroinani translative purokseni puroikseni abessive purottani puroittani instructive — — comitative — puroineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative purosi purosi accusative nom. purosi purosi gen. purosi genitive purosi purojesi partitive puroasi purojasi inessive purossasi puroissasi elative purostasi puroistasi illative puroosi puroihisi adessive purollasi puroillasi ablative puroltasi puroiltasi allative purollesi puroillesi essive puronasi puroinasi translative puroksesi puroiksesi abessive purottasi puroittasi instructive — — comitative — puroinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative puromme puromme accusative nom. puromme puromme gen. puromme genitive puromme purojemme partitive puroamme purojamme inessive purossamme puroissamme elative purostamme puroistamme illative puroomme puroihimme adessive purollamme puroillamme ablative puroltamme puroiltamme allative purollemme puroillemme essive puronamme puroinamme translative puroksemme puroiksemme abessive purottamme puroittamme instructive — — comitative — puroinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative puronne puronne accusative nom. puronne puronne gen. puronne genitive puronne purojenne partitive puroanne purojanne inessive purossanne puroissanne elative purostanne puroistanne illative puroonne puroihinne adessive purollanne puroillanne ablative puroltanne puroiltanne allative purollenne puroillenne essive puronanne puroinanne translative puroksenne puroiksenne abessive purottanne puroittanne instructive — — comitative — puroinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative puronsa puronsa accusative nom. puronsa puronsa gen. puronsa genitive puronsa purojensa partitive puroaan puroansa purojaan purojansa inessive purossaan purossansa puroissaan puroissansa elative purostaan purostansa puroistaan puroistansa illative puroonsa puroihinsa adessive purollaan purollansa puroillaan puroillansa ablative puroltaan puroltansa puroiltaan puroiltansa allative purolleen purollensa puroilleen puroillensa essive puronaan puronansa puroinaan puroinansa translative purokseen puroksensa puroikseen puroiksensa abessive purottaan purottansa puroittaan puroittansa instructive — — comitative — puroineen puroinensa

Derived terms

• Purola
• puronen

 

compounds

• afrikanpurorotta
• alppipuro
• Haapapuro
• Haukipuro
• Höykinpuro
• jäätikköpuro
• kalliovuortenpuromyyrä
• kevätpuro
• Kivipuro
• korpipuro
• kotipuro
• luonnonpuro
• metsäpuro
• Myllypuro
• myllypuro
• niittypuro
• pikkupuro
• purohopeatäplä
• purokorento
• purolaakso
• puromylly
• Puronaho
• puronieriä
• puronotko
• puronsuu
• puronuoma
• puronvarsi
• puropahanen
• purotaimen
• purouitto
• purouoma
• purovarsi
• purovesi
• salopuro
• tunturipuro
• uittopuro
• vuoripuro
• vuoristopuro

 

Further reading

• “puro”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja‎^[1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03

Anagrams

• Urpo, poru, urpo

Galician

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese puro, from Latin pūrus.

Adjective

puro (feminine pura, masculine plural puros, feminine plural puras)

1. pure, unadulterated

   Antonym: impuro

Derived terms

• puramente

 

Related terms

• pureza
• purificar
• purismo

 

Noun

puro m (plural puros)

1. cigar

   Synonym: cigarro

Further reading

• “puro”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2024

Ilocano

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *pujuq. Compare Indonesian pulau, Malay pulau, Sundanese pulo, Tagalog pulo.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /puˈɾoʔ/ [puˈɾoʔ]
• Hyphenation: pu‧ro

Noun

puro

1. island (area of land completely surrounded by water)

Italian

Etymology

From Latin pūrus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpu.ro/
• Rhymes: -uro
• Hyphenation: pù‧ro

• Audio:

  (file)

Adjective

puro (feminine pura, masculine plural puri, feminine plural pure, superlative purissimo)

1. pure

   Antonym: impuro

Related terms

• puramente
• purché
• pure
• purezza
• purga
• purgare
• purificare
• purismo
• purista
• purità
• puritano
• purosangue
• purtroppo

 

Noun

puro m (plural puri, feminine pura)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Further reading

• puro in Collins Italian-English Dictionary
• puro in Aldo Gabrielli, Grandi Dizionario Italiano (Hoepli)
• puro in garzantilinguistica.it – Garzanti Linguistica, De Agostini Scuola Spa
• pùro in Dizionario Italiano Olivetti, Olivetti Media Communication
• puro in sapere.it – De Agostini Editore
• puro in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

Japanese

Romanization

puro

1. Rōmaji transcription of プロ

Latin

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈpuː.roː/, [ˈpuːroː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈpu.ro/, [ˈpuːro]

Etymology 1

From pūrus (“pure”).

Verb

pūrō (present infinitive pūrāre, perfect active pūrāvī, supine pūrātum); first conjugation

1. (rare) to purify

Conjugation

Conjugation of pūrō (first conjugation)
indicative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	pūrō	pūrās	pūrat	pūrāmus	pūrātis	pūrant
	imperfect	pūrābam	pūrābās	pūrābat	pūrābāmus	pūrābātis	pūrābant
	future	pūrābō	pūrābis	pūrābit	pūrābimus	pūrābitis	pūrābunt
	perfect	pūrāvī	pūrāvistī	pūrāvit	pūrāvimus	pūrāvistis	pūrāvērunt, pūrāvēre
	pluperfect	pūrāveram	pūrāverās	pūrāverat	pūrāverāmus	pūrāverātis	pūrāverant
	future perfect	pūrāverō	pūrāveris	pūrāverit	pūrāverimus	pūrāveritis	pūrāverint
passive	present	pūror	pūrāris, pūrāre	pūrātur	pūrāmur	pūrāminī	pūrantur
	imperfect	pūrābar	pūrābāris, pūrābāre	pūrābātur	pūrābāmur	pūrābāminī	pūrābantur
	future	pūrābor	pūrāberis, pūrābere	pūrābitur	pūrābimur	pūrābiminī	pūrābuntur
	perfect	pūrātus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	pūrātus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	pūrātus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	pūrem	pūrēs	pūret	pūrēmus	pūrētis	pūrent
	imperfect	pūrārem	pūrārēs	pūrāret	pūrārēmus	pūrārētis	pūrārent
	perfect	pūrāverim	pūrāverīs	pūrāverit	pūrāverīmus	pūrāverītis	pūrāverint
	pluperfect	pūrāvissem	pūrāvissēs	pūrāvisset	pūrāvissēmus	pūrāvissētis	pūrāvissent
passive	present	pūrer	pūrēris, pūrēre	pūrētur	pūrēmur	pūrēminī	pūrentur
	imperfect	pūrārer	pūrārēris, pūrārēre	pūrārētur	pūrārēmur	pūrārēminī	pūrārentur
	perfect	pūrātus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	pūrātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	pūrā	—	—	pūrāte	—
	future	—	pūrātō	pūrātō	—	pūrātōte	pūrantō
passive	present	—	pūrāre	—	—	pūrāminī	—
	future	—	pūrātor	pūrātor	—	—	pūrantor
non-finite forms		active			passive
		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		pūrāre	pūrāvisse	pūrātūrum esse	pūrārī	pūrātum esse	pūrātum īrī
participles		pūrāns	—	pūrātūrus	—	pūrātus	pūrandus
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		genitive	dative	accusative	ablative	accusative	ablative
		pūrandī	pūrandō	pūrandum	pūrandō	pūrātum	pūrātū

Descendants

• Old Northern French: purer (“to sift (grain), pour out (water)”)
  • →? Dutch: pouren
  • →? Middle English: pouren
    • English: pour

References

• “puro”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• puro in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Adjective

pūrō

1. dative/ablative masculine/neuter singular of pūrus

Polish

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• (Greater Poland):
  • (Central Greater Poland) IPA^(key): /ˈpu.rɔ/

Particle

puro

1. (Poznań, dated) almost, nearly

Further reading

• Waldemar Wierzba (2013) “puro”, in Słownik Poznańskie słowa i ausdrucki (in Polish), 1st edition, Mierzyn: Albus, →ISBN, page 208

Portuguese

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese puro, from Latin pūrus, from Proto-Indo-European *pewH- (“to cleanse, purify”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpu.ɾu/

• Rhymes: -uɾu
• Hyphenation: pu‧ro

Adjective

puro (feminine pura, masculine plural puros, feminine plural puras, comparable, comparative mais puro, superlative o mais puro or puríssimo, diminutive purinho)

1. pure (free of pollutants)

   Antonyms: impuro, contaminado

2. pure; flawless (free of flaws or imperfections)

   Antonyms: impuro, imperfeito

3. pure; clean (free of immoral behaviour)

   Antonyms: impuro, sujo

4. (Brazil, slang) sober (not under the influence of any recreational drug)

   Antonym: chapado

Derived terms

• puramente

 

Related terms

• impuro
• pureza

 

Spanish

Etymology

Inherited from Old Spanish puro, from Latin pūrus. In the noun sense short for cigarro puro, a product to be smoked that is made – unlike the cigarette – of “tabaco puro, sin papel” (pure tobacco, without paper). Note that in Spanish the unqualified term cigarro can also refer to a cigarette.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpuɾo/ [ˈpu.ɾo]

• Audio (Colombia):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -uɾo
• Syllabification: pu‧ro

Adjective

puro (feminine pura, masculine plural puros, feminine plural puras)

1. pure, clear

   Antonyms: impuro, mezclado, sucio

2. alone, sheer, mere, just, nothing less than

Inflection

• Superlative: purísimo
• Augmentative: purote
• Diminutive: purito

Derived terms

• a puro huevo
• apurar
• de pura cepa
• de pura uva
• de puro aire
• de puro fay
• la pura verdad
• matemáticas puras
• pura vida
• puramente
• purasangre
• purista
• puro y duro
• puros dieces

 

Related terms

• puré
• pureza
• purificar
• puritano

 

See also

• casto

Adverb

puro

1. only, merely

   Synonyms: nada más, solamente, sólo

   Antonyms: además, no solamente

Noun

puro m (plural puros)

1. cigar, puro
2. (Spain, colloquial) a fine (especially a big one)

   Synonym: cigarro

Descendants

• → English: puro
• → Greek: πούρο (poúro)
• → Turkish: puro

Further reading

• “puro”, in Diccionario de la lengua española (in Spanish), online version 23.7, Royal Spanish Academy, 2023 November 28

Tagalog

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish puro.

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /ˈpuɾo/ [ˈpuː.ɾo]
• Rhymes: -uɾo
• Syllabification: pu‧ro

Adjective

puro (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜓᜇᜓ)

1. pure; undiluted

   Synonyms: dalisay, wagas, walang-halo

2. (by extension) strong (of alcohol, coffee)

   Synonym: matapang

3. pure-blood; of unmixed stock; purebred; thoroughbred

   Synonym: lantay

4. full of; covered with
5. with or having the last card or number (of a pair) being awaited to be drawn in order to win

   Synonym: namumuro

6. causing instant death (of a shot, stab, etc.)

Derived terms

• mapuruhan
• puruhan

 

Noun

puro (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜓᜇᜓ)

1. condition of being pure or unadulterated

   Synonyms: kapangalan, kapauran

2. last card or number (of a pair) being awaited to be drawn in order to win

Adverb

puro (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜓᜇᜓ)

1. always; repeatedly; too much

   Synonyms: pulos, wagas, panay, taganas

Tetelcingo Nahuatl

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish burro.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈpuɾo]

Noun

puro (plural purojte)

1. Donkey.

Derived terms

• purojconetzi
• purojpi̱a
• purolama
• puromi̱jqui̱

 

References

• Brewer, Forrest, Brewer, Jean G. (1962) Vocabulario mexicano de Tetelcingo, Morelos: Castellano-mexicano, mexicano-castellano (Serie de vocabularios indígenas Mariano Silva y Aceves; 8)‎^[2] (in Spanish), México, D.F.: El Instituto Lingüístico de Verano en coordinación con la Secretaría de Educación Pública a través de la Dirección General de Internados de Enseñanza Primaria y Educación Indígena, published 1971, pages 17, 176

Turkish

Etymology

From Spanish puro.

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

puro (definite accusative puroyu, plural purolar)

1. cigar

Declension

Inflection
Nominative	puro
Definite accusative	puroyu
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	puro	purolar
Definite accusative	puroyu	puroları
Dative	puroya	purolara
Locative	puroda	purolarda
Ablative	purodan	purolardan
Genitive	puronun	puroların
Possessive forms Nominative Singular Plural 1st singular purom purolarım 2nd singular puron puroların 3rd singular purosu puroları 1st plural puromuz purolarımız 2nd plural puronuz purolarınız 3rd plural puroları puroları Definite accusative Singular Plural 1st singular puromu purolarımı 2nd singular puronu purolarını 3rd singular purosunu purolarını 1st plural puromuzu purolarımızı 2nd plural puronuzu purolarınızı 3rd plural purolarını purolarını Dative Singular Plural 1st singular puroma purolarıma 2nd singular purona purolarına 3rd singular purosuna purolarına 1st plural puromuza purolarımıza 2nd plural puronuza purolarınıza 3rd plural purolarına purolarına Locative Singular Plural 1st singular puromda purolarımda 2nd singular puronda purolarında 3rd singular purosunda purolarında 1st plural puromuzda purolarımızda 2nd plural puronuzda purolarınızda 3rd plural purolarında purolarında Ablative Singular Plural 1st singular puromdan purolarımdan 2nd singular purondan purolarından 3rd singular purosundan purolarından 1st plural puromuzdan purolarımızdan 2nd plural puronuzdan purolarınızdan 3rd plural purolarından purolarından Genitive Singular Plural 1st singular puromun purolarımın 2nd singular puronun purolarının 3rd singular purosunun purolarının 1st plural puromuzun purolarımızın 2nd plural puronuzun purolarınızın 3rd plural purolarının purolarının

Waray-Waray

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Spanish puro.

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: pu‧ro
• IPA^(key): /ˈpuɾo/, [ˈpu.ɾu]

Adjective

púro

1. pure; free from admixture

   Synonym: puraw

Etymology 2

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *pujuq.

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: pu‧ro
• IPA^(key): /puˈɾoʔ/, [puˈɾuʔ]

Noun

purô

1. island

   Synonym: isla

Welsh

Etymology

pur +‎ -o

Verb

puro (first-person singular present puraf)

1. (transitive) to purify, refine

   Synonyms: pureiddio, coethi, teru

2. (transitive) to cleanse, purge

   Synonyms: glanhau, gloywi

Conjugation

Conjugation (literary)

	singular			plural			impersonal
	first	second	third	first	second	third
present indicative/future	puraf	puri	pur, pura	purwn	purwch	purant	purir
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/ conditional	purwn	purit	purai	purem	purech	purent	purid
preterite	purais	puraist	purodd	purasom	purasoch	purasant	purwyd
pluperfect	puraswn	purasit	purasai	purasem	purasech	purasent	purasid, puresid
present subjunctive	purwyf	purych	puro	purom	puroch	puront	purer
imperative	—	pur, pura	pured	purwn	purwch	purent	purer
verbal noun	puro
verbal adjectives	puredig puradwy

Conjugation (colloquial)

Inflected colloquial forms	singular			plural
	first	second	third	first	second	third
future	pura i, puraf i	puri di	purith o/e/hi, puriff e/hi	purwn ni	purwch chi	puran nhw
conditional	purwn i, purswn i	puret ti, purset ti	purai fo/fe/hi, pursai fo/fe/hi	puren ni, pursen ni	purech chi, pursech chi	puren nhw, pursen nhw
preterite	purais i, pures i	puraist ti, purest ti	purodd o/e/hi	puron ni	puroch chi	puron nhw
imperative	—	pura	—	—	purwch	—
Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh.

Derived terms

• purfa f (“refinery”)
• purwr m (“refiner”)

Mutation

Welsh mutation
radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
puro	buro	mhuro	phuro
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “puro”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies