germinar

Portuguese

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin germināre.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ʒeʁ.miˈna(ʁ)/ [ʒeɦ.miˈna(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ʒeʁ.miˈna(ʁ)/ [ʒeɦ.miˈna(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /ʒeɾ.miˈna(ɾ)/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /ʒeʁ.miˈna(ʁ)/ [ʒeʁ.miˈna(χ)]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /ʒeɻ.miˈna(ɻ)/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ʒɨɾ.miˈnaɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ʒɨɾ.miˈnaɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /ʒɨɾ.miˈna.ɾi/

• Hyphenation: ger‧mi‧nar

Verb

germinar (first-person singular present germino, first-person singular preterite germinei, past participle germinado)

1. to sprout; to germinate

Conjugation

    Conjugation of germinar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	germinar
Personal	germinar	germinares	germinar	germinarmos	germinardes	germinarem
Gerund
	germinando
Past participle
Masculine	germinado			germinados
Feminine	germinada			germinadas
Indicative
Present	germino	germinas	germina	germinamos	germinais	germinam
Imperfect	germinava	germinavas	germinava	germinávamos	germináveis	germinavam
Preterite	germinei	germinaste	germinou	germinamos1, germinámos2	germinastes	germinaram
Pluperfect	germinara	germinaras	germinara	germináramos	germináreis	germinaram
Future	germinarei	germinarás	germinará	germinaremos	germinareis	germinarão
Conditional	germinaria	germinarias	germinaria	germinaríamos	germinaríeis	germinariam
Subjunctive
Present	germine	germines	germine	germinemos	germineis	germinem
Imperfect	germinasse	germinasses	germinasse	germinássemos	germinásseis	germinassem
Future	germinar	germinares	germinar	germinarmos	germinardes	germinarem
Imperative
Affirmative		germina	germine	germinemos	germinai	germinem
Negative (não)		não germines	não germine	não germinemos	não germineis	não germinem

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.

Related terms

• germe

Spanish

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin germināre.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /xeɾmiˈnaɾ/ [xeɾ.miˈnaɾ]
• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Syllabification: ger‧mi‧nar

Verb

germinar (first-person singular present germino, first-person singular preterite germiné, past participle germinado)

1. to germinate

Conjugation

    Conjugation of germinar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			germinar
gerund			germinando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		germinado		germinada
		plural		germinados		germinadas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	germino	germinastú germinásvos	germina	germinamos	germináis	germinan
	imperfect	germinaba	germinabas	germinaba	germinábamos	germinabais	germinaban
	preterite	germiné	germinaste	germinó	germinamos	germinasteis	germinaron
	future	germinaré	germinarás	germinará	germinaremos	germinaréis	germinarán
	conditional	germinaría	germinarías	germinaría	germinaríamos	germinaríais	germinarían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	germine	germinestú germinésvos2	germine	germinemos	germinéis	germinen
	imperfect (ra)	germinara	germinaras	germinara	germináramos	germinarais	germinaran
	imperfect (se)	germinase	germinases	germinase	germinásemos	germinaseis	germinasen
	future1	germinare	germinares	germinare	germináremos	germinareis	germinaren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		germinatú germinávos	germine	germinemos	germinad	germinen
	negative		no germines	no germine	no germinemos	no germinéis	no germinen

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of germinar

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive germinar
	dative	germinarme	germinarte	germinarle, germinarse	germinarnos	germinaros	germinarles, germinarse
	accusative	germinarme	germinarte	germinarlo, germinarla, germinarse	germinarnos	germinaros	germinarlos, germinarlas, germinarse
with gerund germinando
	dative	germinándome	germinándote	germinándole, germinándose	germinándonos	germinándoos	germinándoles, germinándose
	accusative	germinándome	germinándote	germinándolo, germinándola, germinándose	germinándonos	germinándoos	germinándolos, germinándolas, germinándose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative germina
	dative	germíname	germínate	germínale	germínanos	not used	germínales
	accusative	germíname	germínate	germínalo, germínala	germínanos	not used	germínalos, germínalas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative germiná
	dative	germiname	germinate	germinale	germinanos	not used	germinales
	accusative	germiname	germinate	germinalo, germinala	germinanos	not used	germinalos, germinalas
with formal second-person singular imperative germine
	dative	germíneme	not used	germínele, germínese	germínenos	not used	germíneles
	accusative	germíneme	not used	germínelo, germínela, germínese	germínenos	not used	germínelos, germínelas
with first-person plural imperative germinemos
	dative	not used	germinémoste	germinémosle	germinémonos	germinémoos	germinémosles
	accusative	not used	germinémoste	germinémoslo, germinémosla	germinémonos	germinémoos	germinémoslos, germinémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative germinad
	dative	germinadme	not used	germinadle	germinadnos	germinaos	germinadles
	accusative	germinadme	not used	germinadlo, germinadla	germinadnos	germinaos	germinadlos, germinadlas
with formal second-person plural imperative germinen
	dative	germínenme	not used	germínenle	germínennos	not used	germínenles, germínense
	accusative	germínenme	not used	germínenlo, germínenla	germínennos	not used	germínenlos, germínenlas, germínense

Related terms

• germinación

 

Further reading

• “germinar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española (in Spanish), online version 23.7, Royal Spanish Academy, 2023 November 28