Wiktionary

dala

See also: dal·a, dalą, daļa, daļā, dała, dála, dálá, dāla, and ḓala

English

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Etymology

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From an unassimilated equivalent of Hawaiian kālā, from English dollar.

Noun

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dala (plural dala)

  1. (historical) The currency of Hawaii between 1847 and 1898, equal to the United States dollar.
    • 2018, Todd A. Watkins, Introduction to Microfinance:
      My mother kept a dollar bill in Hawaiian currency—a dala—given to her as a souvenir of her brother's service in the army.

See also

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Anagrams

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Azerbaijani

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Etymology

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From dative of dal.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [dɑˈɫɑ]
  • Audio:(file)

Adverb

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dala

  1. back, backwards

Synonyms

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Antonyms

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Further reading

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  • “dala” in Obastan.com.

Czech

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Pronunciation

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Participle

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dala

  1. inflection of dát:
    1. feminine singular past active participle
    2. neuter plural past active participle

Galician

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Cognate of French dalle (“slab”), probably from Old French rather than from Suevic or Gothic,[1] ultimately from Proto-Germanic *daljō (“dell”), from *dalą (“valley”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰel- (“an arch, vaulting, curve, curvature, cavity”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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dala f (plural dalas)

  1. installation or instrument constituted by a slab of stone or of wood, usually positioned in a slope and provided with drainage; used for doing laundry
  2. deep passage, defile, gorge
  3. dumping site

References

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  1. ^ Rivas Quintas, Eligio (2015). Dicionario etimolóxico da lingua galega. Santiago de Compostela: Tórculo. →ISBN, s.v. dala.

Hausa

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Etymology 1

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Borrowed from English dollar.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /dá.làː/
    • (Standard Kano Hausa) IPA(key): [də́.làː]

Noun

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dalā̀ f (plural dalōlī, possessed form dalàr̃)

  1. Any of various currencies known as dollars or thalers.
  2. (colloquial, Nigeria) 25 kobo.
  3. (Niger) 5 francs.
  4. (obsolete) 2 shillings.

Etymology 2

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /dàː.lá/
    • (Standard Kano Hausa) IPA(key): [dàː.lə́]

Noun

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dā̀la f (possessed form dā̀lar̃)

  1. cardinal (bird)

Hiligaynon

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Etymology

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From Sanskrit धरति (dharati, “to hold”)[1] with the root धृ (dhṛ) but without the -ति (-ti) suffix, from Proto-Indo-Aryan *dʰárati, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dʰárati with the root *dʰar-, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰér-e-ti, thematic present of *dʰer- (“to hold”). Compare Bikol Central dara, Cebuano dala,[2] Tagalog dala, Kapampangan dala, Assamese ধৰা (dhora), Bengali ধরা (dhora), Odia ଧରିବା (dharibā).

Verb

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dalá

  1. bring, carry

References

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  1. ^ Potet, Jean-Paul G. (2016) Tagalog Borrowings and Cognates, Lulu Press, →ISBN, page 278
  2. ^ Jose G. Kuizon (1964) The Sanskrit Loan-Words in the Cebuano-Bisayan Language‎[1], Cebu City: University of San Carlos, page 120

Hiri Motu

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Etymology

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From Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *zalan, from Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *zalan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zalan, from Proto-Austronesian *zalan.

Noun

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dala

  1. road

Hungarian

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Etymology

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dal +‎ -a (possessive suffix)

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [ˈdɒlɒ]
  • Hyphenation: da‧la

Noun

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dala

  1. third-person singular single-possession possessive of dal

Declension

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Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony)
singular plural
nominative dala —
accusative dalát —
dative dalának —
instrumental dalával —
causal-final daláért —
translative dalává —
terminative daláig —
essive-formal dalaként —
essive-modal dalául —
inessive dalában —
superessive dalán —
adessive dalánál —
illative dalába —
sublative dalára —
allative dalához —
elative dalából —
delative daláról —
ablative dalától —
non-attributive
possessive - singular 		daláé —
non-attributive
possessive - plural 		daláéi —

Icelandic

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Verb

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dala (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative dalaði, supine dalað)

  1. to worsen, to deteriorate

Conjugation

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dala — active voice (germynd)
infinitive
(nafnháttur) 		að dala
supine
(sagnbót) 		dalað
present participle
(lýsingarháttur nútíðar) 		dalandi
indicative
(framsöguháttur) 		subjunctive
(viðtengingarháttur)
present
(nútíð) 		ég dala við dölum present
(nútíð) 		ég dali við dölum
þú dalar þið dalið þú dalir þið dalið
hann, hún, það dalar þeir, þær, þau dala hann, hún, það dali þeir, þær, þau dali
past
(þátíð) 		ég dalaði við döluðum past
(þátíð) 		ég dalaði við döluðum
þú dalaðir þið döluðuð þú dalaðir þið döluðuð
hann, hún, það dalaði þeir, þær, þau döluðu hann, hún, það dalaði þeir, þær, þau döluðu
imperative
(boðháttur) 		dala (þú) dalið (þið)
Forms with appended personal pronoun
dalaðu daliði *
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.
dalast — mediopassive voice (miðmynd)
infinitive
(nafnháttur) 		að dalast
supine
(sagnbót) 		dalast
present participle
(lýsingarháttur nútíðar) 		dalandist **
** the mediopassive present participle is extremely rare and normally not used; it is never used attributively or predicatively, only for explicatory subclauses
indicative
(framsöguháttur) 		subjunctive
(viðtengingarháttur)
present
(nútíð) 		ég dalast við dölumst present
(nútíð) 		ég dalist við dölumst
þú dalast þið dalist þú dalist þið dalist
hann, hún, það dalast þeir, þær, þau dalast hann, hún, það dalist þeir, þær, þau dalist
past
(þátíð) 		ég dalaðist við döluðumst past
(þátíð) 		ég dalaðist við döluðumst
þú dalaðist þið döluðust þú dalaðist þið döluðust
hann, hún, það dalaðist þeir, þær, þau döluðust hann, hún, það dalaðist þeir, þær, þau döluðust
imperative
(boðháttur) 		dalast (þú) dalist (þið)
Forms with appended personal pronoun
dalastu dalisti *
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.
dalaður — past participle (lýsingarháttur þátíðar)
strong declension
(sterk beyging) 		singular (eintala) plural (fleirtala)
masculine
(karlkyn) 		feminine
(kvenkyn) 		neuter
(hvorugkyn) 		masculine
(karlkyn) 		feminine
(kvenkyn) 		neuter
(hvorugkyn)
nominative
(nefnifall) 		dalaður döluð dalað dalaðir dalaðar döluð
accusative
(þolfall) 		dalaðan dalaða dalað dalaða dalaðar döluð
dative
(þágufall) 		döluðum dalaðri döluðu döluðum döluðum döluðum
genitive
(eignarfall) 		dalaðs dalaðrar dalaðs dalaðra dalaðra dalaðra
weak declension
(veik beyging) 		singular (eintala) plural (fleirtala)
masculine
(karlkyn) 		feminine
(kvenkyn) 		neuter
(hvorugkyn) 		masculine
(karlkyn) 		feminine
(kvenkyn) 		neuter
(hvorugkyn)
nominative
(nefnifall) 		dalaði dalaða dalaða döluðu döluðu döluðu
accusative
(þolfall) 		dalaða döluðu dalaða döluðu döluðu döluðu
dative
(þágufall) 		dalaða döluðu dalaða döluðu döluðu döluðu
genitive
(eignarfall) 		dalaða döluðu dalaða döluðu döluðu döluðu

Noun

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dala

  1. indefinite genitive plural of dalur

Further reading

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Kapampangan

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Etymology 1

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Borrowed from Sanskrit धरति (dharati, “to hold”)[1] with the root धृ (dhṛ) but without the -ति (-ti) suffix, from Proto-Indo-Aryan *dʰárati, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dʰárati with the root *dʰar-, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰér-e-ti, thematic present of *dʰer- (“to hold”). Compare Bikol Central dara, Cebuano dala,[2] Tagalog dala, Assamese ধৰা (dhora), Bengali ধরা (dhora), Odia ଧରିବା (dharibā).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /dəˈla/ [dəˈlä]
  • Hyphenation: da‧la

Noun

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dala

  1. load; something carried; something brought
    Synonym: karga
  2. carrying; bringing

Verb

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dala

  1. to bring; to carry
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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Compare Malay jera (“deterred; warned by experience”).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /dəˈlaʔ/ [dəˈläʔ]
  • Hyphenation: da‧la

Adjective

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dalâ

  1. wary; scared off; cautious (from a previous undesirable experience)
Derived terms
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Noun

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dalâ

  1. feeling of being scared off (from a previous undesirable experience)
  2. act of making someone feel scared off (from a previous undesirable experience)

Etymology 3

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Borrowed from Malay jala, from Sanskrit जाल (jāla, “net”).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈdalə/ [ˈdäː.lə]
  • Hyphenation: da‧la

Noun

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dála

  1. small dragnet; casting net
  2. fishing with a small dragnet
Derived terms
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References

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  1. ^ Potet, Jean-Paul G. (2016) Tagalog Borrowings and Cognates, Lulu Press, →ISBN, page 278
  2. ^ Jose G. Kuizon (1964) The Sanskrit Loan-Words in the Cebuano-Bisayan Language‎[2], Cebu City: University of San Carlos, page 120

Further reading

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Ladin

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Etymology

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da +‎ la

Contraction

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dala

  1. from the (feminine singular)

Latvian

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Verb

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dala

  1. third-person singular/plural present indicative of dalīt
  2. (with the particle lai) third-person singular imperative of dalīt
  3. (with the particle lai) third-person plural imperative of dalīt

Limos Kalinga

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Noun

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dala

  1. blood

Lindu

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Etymology

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From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zalan, from Proto-Austronesian *zalan.

Noun

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dala

  1. road

Northern Ndebele

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Etymology 1

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Adjective

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-dála

  1. old
Inflection
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Adjective concord
Modifier Copulative
1st singular engimdala ngimdala
2nd singular omdala umdala
1st plural esibadala sibadala
2nd plural elibadala libadala
Class 1 omdala mdala
Class 2 abadala badala
Class 3 omdala mdala
Class 4 emidala midala
Class 5 elidala lidala
Class 6 amadala madala
Class 7 esidala sidala
Class 8 ezindala zindala
Class 9 endala indala
Class 10 ezindala zindala
Class 11 oludala ludala
Class 14 obudala budala
Class 15 okudala kudala
Class 17 okudala kudala

Etymology 2

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Verb

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-dála

  1. to create
Inflection
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This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Old English

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Noun

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dala

  1. genitive plural of dæl

Pangasinan

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Etymology

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From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *daʀaq; cognate with Ilocano dara.

Noun

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dalá

  1. blood

Phuthi

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Etymology

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Relative

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-dalá

  1. green

Inflection

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Relative concord, tone LH
Modifier Copulative
1st singular legidala gidala
2nd singular lodala udala
1st plural lesidala sidala
2nd plural lelidala lidala
Class 1 lodala udala
Class 2 labadala badala
Class 3 lodala udala
Class 4 ledala idala
Class 5 lelidala lidala
Class 6 ladala adala
Class 7 lesidala sidala
Class 8 letidala tidala
Class 9 ledala idala
Class 10 letidala tidala
Class 14 lobudala budala
Class 15 lokudala kudala
Class 17 lokudala kudala

Southern Ndebele

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Etymology 1

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Adjective

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-dála

  1. old
Inflection
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This adjective needs an inflection-table template.

Etymology 2

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Verb

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-dala

  1. to create
Inflection
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This entry needs an inflection-table template.

Spanish

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Verb

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dala

  1. inflection of dar:
    1. second-person singular imperative combined with la
    2. second-person singular voseo imperative combined with la

Sranan Tongo

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Etymology

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From English dollar or Dutch daler.

Noun

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dala

  1. dollar
  2. (numismatics) a coin or banknote worth 250 cents; a rix-dollar

Swahili

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Etymology

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Borrowed from English dollar.[1][2]

Noun

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dala (n class, plural dala)

  1. (Tanzania, slang, dated) five shilling

Derived terms

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References

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  1. ^ Rizzo, Matteo (2002) “Being Taken for a Ride: Privatisation of the Dar es Salaam Transport System 1983-1998”, in The Journal of Modern African Studies‎[3], volume 40, number 1, →DOI, page 155 of 133-157: “As 5 shillings was equivalent to $1, dala was the Swahilisation of dollar.”
  2. ^ Salazar, Danica (2023) “African Englishes in the Oxford English Dictionary”, in Lexikos‎[4], volume 33, number 1, →DOI, page 34 of 24-40: “Dala is also the nickname of the Tanzanian 5-shilling coin”

Swazi

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Verb

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-dála

  1. to create

Inflection

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This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Swedish

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Etymology

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb

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dala (present dalar, preterite dalade, supine dalat, imperative dala)

  1. to move down, sink
  2. to go down (e.g. of stock)

Conjugation

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Conjugation of dala (weak)
Active Passive
Infinitive dala dalas
Supine dalat dalats
Imperative dala —
Imper. plural1 dalen —
Present Past Present Past
Indicative dalar dalade dalas dalades
Ind. plural1 dala dalade dalas dalades
Subjunctive2 dale dalade dales dalades
Participles
Present participle dalande
Past participle dalad
1 Archaic. 2 Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.

References

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Anagrams

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Tagalog

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Etymology 1

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Borrowed from Sanskrit धरति (dharati, “to hold”)[1] with the root धृ (dhṛ) but without the -ति (-ti) suffix, from Proto-Indo-Aryan *dʰárati, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dʰárati with the root *dʰar-, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰér-e-ti, thematic present of *dʰer- (“to hold”). Compare Kapampangan dala, Bikol Central dara, Cebuano dala,[2] Tausug dā, Assamese ধৰা (dhora), Bengali ধরা (dhora), Odia ଧରିବା (dharibā).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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dalá (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜎ)

  1. load; something carried; something brought
    Synonyms: karga, lulan, kargada
  2. carrying; bringing (of something)
Derived terms
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Adjective

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dalá (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜎ)

  1. carried along; brought; taken away
    Synonyms: dinala, inilulan, kinarga, taglay
  2. (figurative) brought about; caused (by something aforementioned)

See also

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Etymology 2

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Borrowed from Malay jala, from Sanskrit जाल (jāla, “net”).[3]

Pronunciation

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Noun

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dala (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜎ)

  1. small dragnet; casting net
  2. fishing with a small dragnet

Etymology 3

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Borrowed from Malay jera (“deterred; warned by experience”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zəʀa.[4]

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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dalâ (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜎ)

  1. wary; scared off; cautious (from a previous undesirable experience)
Derived terms
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Noun

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dalâ (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜎ)

  1. feeling of being scared off (from a previous undesirable experience)
  2. act of making someone feel scared off (from a previous undesirable experience)

References

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  1. ^ Potet, Jean-Paul G. (2016) Tagalog Borrowings and Cognates, Lulu Press, →ISBN, page 278
  2. ^ Jose G. Kuizon (1964) The Sanskrit Loan-Words in the Cebuano-Bisayan Language‎[5], Cebu City: University of San Carlos, page 120
  3. ^ Potet, Jean-Paul G. (2016) Tagalog Borrowings and Cognates, Lulu Press, →ISBN, page 70 & 278
  4. ^ Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*zeRa”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Venetan

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Adjective

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dala f sg

  1. feminine singular of dalo

Welsh

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Etymology 1

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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dala (first-person singular present dalaf)

  1. South Wales form of dal (“to catch”)
Conjugation
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Conjugation (colloquial)
Inflected colloquial forms singular plural
first second third first second third
future dala i, dalaf i dali di dalith o/e/hi, daliff e/hi dalwn ni dalwch chi dalan nhw
conditional dalwn i, dalswn i dalet ti, dalset ti dalai fo/fe/hi, dalsai fo/fe/hi dalen ni, dalsen ni dalech chi, dalsech chi dalen nhw, dalsen nhw
preterite dalais i, dales i dalaist ti, dalest ti dalodd o/e/hi dalon ni daloch chi dalon nhw
imperative — dala — — dalwch —
Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh.

Etymology 2

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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dala

  1. Soft mutation of tala.

Mutation

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Welsh mutation
radical soft nasal aspirate
tal dal nhal thal
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Wolio

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Etymology

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From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zalan, from Proto-Austronesian *zalan.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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dala

  1. road

References

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  • Anceaux, Johannes C. (1987) Wolio Dictionary (Wolio-English-Indonesian) / Kamus Bahasa Wolio (Wolio-Inggeris-Indonesia), Dordrecht: Foris

Xhosa

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Etymology 1

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Adjective

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-dála

  1. old
Inflection
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Adjective concord
Modifier Copulative
positive negative positive negative
1st singular endimdala endingemdala ndimdala andimdala
2nd singular omdala ongemdala umdala awumdala
1st plural esibadala esingebadala sibadala asibadala
2nd plural enibadala eningebadala nibadala anibadala
Class 1 omdala ongemdala mdala akamdala
Class 2 abadala abangebadala badala ababadala
Class 3 omdala ongemdala mdala awumdala
Class 4 emidala engemidala midala ayimidala
Class 5 elidala elingelidala lidala alilidala
Class 6 amadala angemadala madala awamadala
Class 7 esidala esingesidala sidala asisidala
Class 8 ezindala ezingezindala zindala azizindala
Class 9 endala engendala indala ayiyindala
Class 10 ezindala ezingezindala zindala azizindala
Class 11 oludala olungeludala ludala aluludala
Class 14 obudala obungebudala budala abubudala
Class 15 okudala okungekudala kudala akukudala
Class 17 okudala okungekudala kudala akukudala

Etymology 2

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb

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-dala

  1. to create, form
Inflection
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This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Zulu

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Etymology 1

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Adjective

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-dála

  1. old
Inflection
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Adjective concord, tone H
Modifier Copulative
positive negative positive negative
1st singular engimdala engingemdala ngimdala angimdala
2nd singular omdala ongemdala umdala awumdala
1st plural esibadala esingebadala sibadala asibadala
2nd plural enibadala eningebadala nibadala anibadala
Class 1 omdala ongemdala mdala akamdala
Class 2 abadala abangebadala badala ababadala
Class 3 omdala ongemdala mdala awumdala
Class 4 emidala engemidala midala ayimidala
Class 5 elidala elingelidala lidala alilidala
Class 6 amadala angemadala madala awamadala
Class 7 esidala esingesidala sidala asisidala
Class 8 ezindala ezingezindala zindala azizindala
Class 9 endala engendala, engeyindala indala, yindala ayiyindala
Class 10 ezindala ezingezindala zindala azizindala
Class 11 oludala olungeludala ludala aluludala
Class 14 obudala obungebudala budala abubudala
Class 15 okudala okungekudala kudala akukudala
Class 17 okudala okungekudala kudala akukudala
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb

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-dala

  1. to cause
  2. to create, make
Inflection
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Tone L
Infinitive ukudala
Positive Negative
Infinitive ukudala ukungadali
Imperative
Simple + object concord
Singular dala -dale
Plural dalani -daleni
Present
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngiyadala, ngidala engidalayo, engidala ngidala angidali engingadali ngingadali
2nd singular uyadala, udala odalayo, odala udala awudali ongadali ungadali
1st plural siyadala, sidala esidalayo, esidala sidala asidali esingadali singadali
2nd plural niyadala, nidala enidalayo, enidala nidala anidali eningadali ningadali
Class 1 uyadala, udala odalayo, odala edala akadali ongadali engadali
Class 2 bayadala, badala abadalayo, abadala bedala abadali abangadali bengadali
Class 3 uyadala, udala odalayo, odala udala awudali ongadali ungadali
Class 4 iyadala, idala edalayo, edala idala ayidali engadali ingadali
Class 5 liyadala, lidala elidalayo, elidala lidala alidali elingadali lingadali
Class 6 ayadala, adala adalayo, adala edala awadali angadali engadali
Class 7 siyadala, sidala esidalayo, esidala sidala asidali esingadali singadali
Class 8 ziyadala, zidala ezidalayo, ezidala zidala azidali ezingadali zingadali
Class 9 iyadala, idala edalayo, edala idala ayidali engadali ingadali
Class 10 ziyadala, zidala ezidalayo, ezidala zidala azidali ezingadali zingadali
Class 11 luyadala, ludala oludalayo, oludala ludala aludali olungadali lungadali
Class 14 buyadala, budala obudalayo, obudala budala abudali obungadali bungadali
Class 15 kuyadala, kudala okudalayo, okudala kudala akudali okungadali kungadali
Class 17 kuyadala, kudala okudalayo, okudala kudala akudali okungadali kungadali
Recent past
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngidalile, ngidalē engidalile, engidalē ngidalile, ngidalē angidalanga engingadalanga ngingadalanga
2nd singular udalile, udalē odalile, odalē udalile, udalē awudalanga ongadalanga ungadalanga
1st plural sidalile, sidalē esidalile, esidalē sidalile, sidalē asidalanga esingadalanga singadalanga
2nd plural nidalile, nidalē enidalile, enidalē nidalile, nidalē anidalanga eningadalanga ningadalanga
Class 1 udalile, udalē odalile, odalē edalile, edalē akadalanga ongadalanga engadalanga
Class 2 badalile, badalē abadalile, abadalē bedalile, bedalē abadalanga abangadalanga bengadalanga
Class 3 udalile, udalē odalile, odalē udalile, udalē awudalanga ongadalanga ungadalanga
Class 4 idalile, idalē edalile, edalē idalile, idalē ayidalanga engadalanga ingadalanga
Class 5 lidalile, lidalē elidalile, elidalē lidalile, lidalē alidalanga elingadalanga lingadalanga
Class 6 adalile, adalē adalile, adalē edalile, edalē awadalanga angadalanga engadalanga
Class 7 sidalile, sidalē esidalile, esidalē sidalile, sidalē asidalanga esingadalanga singadalanga
Class 8 zidalile, zidalē ezidalile, ezidalē zidalile, zidalē azidalanga ezingadalanga zingadalanga
Class 9 idalile, idalē edalile, edalē idalile, idalē ayidalanga engadalanga ingadalanga
Class 10 zidalile, zidalē ezidalile, ezidalē zidalile, zidalē azidalanga ezingadalanga zingadalanga
Class 11 ludalile, ludalē oludalile, oludalē ludalile, ludalē aludalanga olungadalanga lungadalanga
Class 14 budalile, budalē obudalile, obudalē budalile, budalē abudalanga obungadalanga bungadalanga
Class 15 kudalile, kudalē okudalile, okudalē kudalile, kudalē akudalanga okungadalanga kungadalanga
Class 17 kudalile, kudalē okudalile, okudalē kudalile, kudalē akudalanga okungadalanga kungadalanga
Remote past
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngādala engādala ngādala angidalanga engingadalanga ngingadalanga
2nd singular wādala owādala wādala awudalanga ongadalanga ungadalanga
1st plural sādala esādala sādala asidalanga esingadalanga singadalanga
2nd plural nādala enādala nādala anidalanga eningadalanga ningadalanga
Class 1 wādala owādala ādala akadalanga ongadalanga engadalanga
Class 2 bādala abādala bādala abadalanga abangadalanga bengadalanga
Class 3 wādala owādala wādala awudalanga ongadalanga ungadalanga
Class 4 yādala eyādala yādala ayidalanga engadalanga ingadalanga
Class 5 lādala elādala lādala alidalanga elingadalanga lingadalanga
Class 6 ādala ādala ādala awadalanga angadalanga engadalanga
Class 7 sādala esādala sādala asidalanga esingadalanga singadalanga
Class 8 zādala ezādala zādala azidalanga ezingadalanga zingadalanga
Class 9 yādala eyādala yādala ayidalanga engadalanga ingadalanga
Class 10 zādala ezādala zādala azidalanga ezingadalanga zingadalanga
Class 11 lwādala olwādala lwādala aludalanga olungadalanga lungadalanga
Class 14 bādala obādala bādala abudalanga obungadalanga bungadalanga
Class 15 kwādala okwādala kwādala akudalanga okungadalanga kungadalanga
Class 17 kwādala okwādala kwādala akudalanga okungadalanga kungadalanga
Potential
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngingadala — ngingadala ngingedale — ngingedale
2nd singular ungadala — ungadala ungedale — ungedale
1st plural singadala — singadala singedale — singedale
2nd plural ningadala — ningadala ningedale — ningedale
Class 1 angadala — engadala angedale — engedale
Class 2 bangadala — bengadala bangedale — bengedale
Class 3 ungadala — ungadala ungedale — ungedale
Class 4 ingadala — ingadala ingedale — ingedale
Class 5 lingadala — lingadala lingedale — lingedale
Class 6 angadala — engadala angedale — engedale
Class 7 singadala — singadala singedale — singedale
Class 8 zingadala — zingadala zingedale — zingedale
Class 9 ingadala — ingadala ingedale — ingedale
Class 10 zingadala — zingadala zingedale — zingedale
Class 11 lungadala — lungadala lungedale — lungedale
Class 14 bungadala — bungadala bungedale — bungedale
Class 15 kungadala — kungadala kungedale — kungedale
Class 17 kungadala — kungadala kungedale — kungedale
Immediate future
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngizodala engizodala ngizodala angizudala engingezudala ngingezudala
2nd singular uzodala ozodala uzodala awuzudala ongezudala ungezudala
1st plural sizodala esizodala sizodala asizudala esingezudala singezudala
2nd plural nizodala enizodala nizodala anizudala eningezudala ningezudala
Class 1 uzodala ozodala ezodala akazudala ongezudala engezudala
Class 2 bazodala abazodala bezodala abazudala abangezudala bengezudala
Class 3 uzodala ozodala uzodala awuzudala ongezudala ungezudala
Class 4 izodala ezodala izodala ayizudala engezudala ingezudala
Class 5 lizodala elizodala lizodala alizudala elingezudala lingezudala
Class 6 azodala azodala ezodala awazudala angezudala engezudala
Class 7 sizodala esizodala sizodala asizudala esingezudala singezudala
Class 8 zizodala ezizodala zizodala azizudala ezingezudala zingezudala
Class 9 izodala ezodala izodala ayizudala engezudala ingezudala
Class 10 zizodala ezizodala zizodala azizudala ezingezudala zingezudala
Class 11 luzodala oluzodala luzodala aluzudala olungezudala lungezudala
Class 14 buzodala obuzodala buzodala abuzudala obungezudala bungezudala
Class 15 kuzodala okuzodala kuzodala akuzudala okungezudala kungezudala
Class 17 kuzodala okuzodala kuzodala akuzudala okungezudala kungezudala
Remote future
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngiyodala engiyodala ngiyodala angiyudala engingeyudala ngingeyudala
2nd singular uyodala oyodala uyodala awuyudala ongeyudala ungeyudala
1st plural siyodala esiyodala siyodala asiyudala esingeyudala singeyudala
2nd plural niyodala eniyodala niyodala aniyudala eningeyudala ningeyudala
Class 1 uyodala oyodala eyodala akayudala ongeyudala engeyudala
Class 2 bayodala abayodala beyodala abayudala abangeyudala bengeyudala
Class 3 uyodala oyodala uyodala awuyudala ongeyudala ungeyudala
Class 4 iyodala eyodala iyodala ayiyudala engeyudala ingeyudala
Class 5 liyodala eliyodala liyodala aliyudala elingeyudala lingeyudala
Class 6 ayodala ayodala eyodala awayudala angeyudala engeyudala
Class 7 siyodala esiyodala siyodala asiyudala esingeyudala singeyudala
Class 8 ziyodala eziyodala ziyodala aziyudala ezingeyudala zingeyudala
Class 9 iyodala eyodala iyodala ayiyudala engeyudala ingeyudala
Class 10 ziyodala eziyodala ziyodala aziyudala ezingeyudala zingeyudala
Class 11 luyodala oluyodala luyodala aluyudala olungeyudala lungeyudala
Class 14 buyodala obuyodala buyodala abuyudala obungeyudala bungeyudala
Class 15 kuyodala okuyodala kuyodala akuyudala okungeyudala kungeyudala
Class 17 kuyodala okuyodala kuyodala akuyudala okungeyudala kungeyudala
Present subjunctive
Positive Negative
1st singular ngidale ngingadali
2nd singular udale ungadali
1st plural sidale singadali
2nd plural nidale ningadali
Class 1 adale angadali
Class 2 badale bangadali
Class 3 udale ungadali
Class 4 idale ingadali
Class 5 lidale lingadali
Class 6 adale angadali
Class 7 sidale singadali
Class 8 zidale zingadali
Class 9 idale ingadali
Class 10 zidale zingadali
Class 11 ludale lungadali
Class 14 budale bungadali
Class 15 kudale kungadali
Class 17 kudale kungadali
Past subjunctive
Positive Negative
1st singular ngadala ngangadala, angadala, angangadala
2nd singular wadala wangadala, awadala, awangadala
1st plural sadala sangadala, asadala, asangadala
2nd plural nadala nangadala, anadala, anangadala
Class 1 wadala wangadala, akadala, akangadala
Class 2 badala bangadala, abadala, abangadala
Class 3 wadala wangadala, awadala, awangadala
Class 4 yadala yangadala, ayadala, ayangadala
Class 5 ladala langadala, aladala, alangadala
Class 6 adala angadala, awadala, awangadala
Class 7 sadala sangadala, asadala, asangadala
Class 8 zadala zangadala, azadala, azangadala
Class 9 yadala yangadala, ayadala, ayangadala
Class 10 zadala zangadala, azadala, azangadala
Class 11 lwadala lwangadala, alwadala, alwangadala
Class 14 badala bangadala, abadala, abangadala
Class 15 kwadala kwangadala, akwadala, akwangadala
Class 17 kwadala kwangadala, akwadala, akwangadala

References

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