coser

See also: cóser

Chinese

Etymology

From cos (“to cosplay”) +‎ English -er.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): kāoseir

  (Zhuyin): ㄎㄠ ˙ㄙㄟㄦ

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: coser
    • Zhuyin: ㄎㄠ ˙ㄙㄟㄦ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: kaose̊ir
    • Wade–Giles: kʻao¹-sei⁵-ʼrh
    • Yale: kāu-seir
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kau.sel
    • Palladius: каосэйр (kaosɛjr)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰɑʊ̯⁵⁵ səɻ²/

(Can we verify⁽⁺⁾ this pronunciation?) (particularly: "seir" ain't pinyin & was apparently "understood" with reference to mistranscribing a spoken example)

Noun

coser

1. (ACG, informal) cosplayer (Classifier: 名 m)

Dalmatian

Alternative forms

• koser

Etymology

From a Vulgar Latin root *cosīre < *cōsere, from Latin cōnsuere, present active infinitive of cōnsuō.

Verb

coser

1. to sew

Galician

Etymology

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese coser (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Vulgar Latin *cosēre, from Latin cōnsuere. Compare Portuguese coser.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [koˈseɾ]

Verb

coser (first-person singular present coso, first-person singular preterite cosín, past participle cosido)
coser (first-person singular present coso, first-person singular preterite cosim or cosi, past participle cosido, reintegrationist norm)

1. to sew; to stitch

   En coser e descoser vanse as liñas (proverb, 18th century) ― Stitching and unstitching the threads are spent

Conjugation

    Conjugation of coser

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti)	Third-person (el / ela / Vde.)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / Vdes.)
Infinitive
Impersonal	coser
Personal	coser	coseres	coser	cosermos	coserdes	coseren
Gerund
	cosendo
Past participle
Masculine	cosido			cosidos
Feminine	cosida			cosidas
Indicative
Present	coso	coses	cose	cosemos	cosedes	cosen
Imperfect	cosía	cosías	cosía	cosiamos	cosiades	cosían
Preterite	cosín	cosiches	coseu	cosemos	cosestes	coseron
Pluperfect	cosera	coseras	cosera	coseramos	coserades	coseran
Future	coserei	coserás	coserá	coseremos	coseredes	coserán
Conditional	cosería	coserías	cosería	coseriamos	coseriades	coserían
Subjunctive
Present	cosa	cosas	cosa	cosamos	cosades	cosan
Imperfect	cosese	coseses	cosese	cosésemos	cosésedes	cosesen
Future	coser	coseres	coser	cosermos	coserdes	coseren
Imperative
Affirmative		cose	cosa	cosamos	cosede	cosan
Negative (non)		non cosas	non cosa	non cosamos	non cosades	non cosan

    Reintegrated conjugation of coser (See Appendix:Reintegrationism)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti / tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	coser
Personal	coser	coseres	coser	cosermos	coserdes	coserem
Gerund
	cosendo
Past participle
Masculine	cosido			cosidos
Feminine	cosida			cosidas
Indicative
Present	coso	coses	cose	cosemos	cosedes, coseis	cosem
Imperfect	cosia	cosias	cosia	cosíamos	cosíades, cosíeis, cosíais1	cosiam
Preterite	cosim, cosi	coseste, coseche1	coseu	cosemos	cosestes	cosêrom, coseram
Pluperfect	cosera	coseras	cosera	cosêramos	cosêrades, cosêreis, cosêrais1	coseram
Future	coserei	coserás	coserá	coseremos	coseredes, cosereis	coserám, coserão
Conditional	coseria	coserias	coseria	coseríamos	coseríades, coseríeis, coseríais1	coseriam
Subjunctive
Present	cosa	cosas	cosa	cosamos	cosades, cosais	cosam
Imperfect	cosesse	cosesses	cosesse	cosêssemos	cosêssedes, cosêsseis	cosessem
Future	coser	coseres	coser	cosermos	coserdes	coserem
Imperative
Affirmative		cose	cosa	cosamos	cosede, cosei	cosam
Negative (nom)		nom cosas	nom cosa	nom cosamos	nom cosades, nom cosais	nom cosam

¹Less recommended.

Derived terms

• descoser

References

• Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “coser”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “coser”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “coser”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• “coser”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2024
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “coser”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• “coser” in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (2014).
• Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “coser”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

Old Galician-Portuguese

Etymology

Inherited from Latin *cōsēre, from Latin cōnsuere.

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -eɾ

Verb

coser

1. (intransitive) to sew

Descendants

• Galician: coser
• Portuguese: coser

Further reading

• Universo Cantigas - "coser"

Portuguese

coser

Etymology

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese coser, from Vulgar Latin *cōsēre, from Latin cōnsuere. Compare Galician coser.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /koˈze(ʁ)/ [koˈze(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /koˈze(ʁ)/ [koˈze(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /koˈze(ɾ)/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /koˈze(ʁ)/ [koˈze(χ)]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /koˈze(ɻ)/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /kuˈzeɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /kuˈzeɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /kuˈze.ɾi/

• Homophone: cozer
• Hyphenation: co‧ser

Verb

coser (first-person singular present coso, first-person singular preterite cosi, past participle cosido)

1. to sew

Conjugation

    Conjugation of coser (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	coser
Personal	coser	coseres	coser	cosermos	coserdes	coserem
Gerund
	cosendo
Past participle
Masculine	cosido			cosidos
Feminine	cosida			cosidas
Indicative
Present	coso	coses	cose	cosemos	coseis	cosem
Imperfect	cosia	cosias	cosia	cosíamos	cosíeis	cosiam
Preterite	cosi	coseste	coseu	cosemos	cosestes	coseram
Pluperfect	cosera	coseras	cosera	cosêramos	cosêreis	coseram
Future	coserei	coserás	coserá	coseremos	cosereis	coserão
Conditional	coseria	coserias	coseria	coseríamos	coseríeis	coseriam
Subjunctive
Present	cosa	cosas	cosa	cosamos	cosais	cosam
Imperfect	cosesse	cosesses	cosesse	cosêssemos	cosêsseis	cosessem
Future	coser	coseres	coser	cosermos	coserdes	coserem
Imperative
Affirmative		cose	cosa	cosamos	cosei	cosam
Negative (não)		não cosas	não cosa	não cosamos	não cosais	não cosam

Further reading

• “coser” in Dicionário Aberto based on Novo Diccionário da Língua Portuguesa de Cândido de Figueiredo, 1913

Spanish

Etymology

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *cōsēre, from Latin cōnsuere. Compare English couture and accoutre/accouter.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /koˈseɾ/ [koˈseɾ]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -eɾ
• Syllabification: co‧ser
• Homophone: (Latin America) cocer

Verb

coser (first-person singular present coso, first-person singular preterite cosí, past participle cosido)

1. to sew

Conjugation

    Conjugation of coser (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			coser
gerund			cosiendo
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		cosido		cosida
		plural		cosidos		cosidas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	coso	cosestú cosésvos	cose	cosemos	coséis	cosen
	imperfect	cosía	cosías	cosía	cosíamos	cosíais	cosían
	preterite	cosí	cosiste	cosió	cosimos	cosisteis	cosieron
	future	coseré	coserás	coserá	coseremos	coseréis	coserán
	conditional	cosería	coserías	cosería	coseríamos	coseríais	coserían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	cosa	cosastú cosásvos2	cosa	cosamos	cosáis	cosan
	imperfect (ra)	cosiera	cosieras	cosiera	cosiéramos	cosierais	cosieran
	imperfect (se)	cosiese	cosieses	cosiese	cosiésemos	cosieseis	cosiesen
	future1	cosiere	cosieres	cosiere	cosiéremos	cosiereis	cosieren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		cosetú cosévos	cosa	cosamos	cosed	cosan
	negative		no cosas	no cosa	no cosamos	no cosáis	no cosan

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of coser

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive coser
	dative	coserme	coserte	coserle, coserse	cosernos	coseros	coserles, coserse
	accusative	coserme	coserte	coserlo, coserla, coserse	cosernos	coseros	coserlos, coserlas, coserse
with gerund cosiendo
	dative	cosiéndome	cosiéndote	cosiéndole, cosiéndose	cosiéndonos	cosiéndoos	cosiéndoles, cosiéndose
	accusative	cosiéndome	cosiéndote	cosiéndolo, cosiéndola, cosiéndose	cosiéndonos	cosiéndoos	cosiéndolos, cosiéndolas, cosiéndose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative cose
	dative	cóseme	cósete	cósele	cósenos	not used	cóseles
	accusative	cóseme	cósete	cóselo, cósela	cósenos	not used	cóselos, cóselas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative cosé
	dative	coseme	cosete	cosele	cosenos	not used	coseles
	accusative	coseme	cosete	coselo, cosela	cosenos	not used	coselos, coselas
with formal second-person singular imperative cosa
	dative	cósame	not used	cósale, cósase	cósanos	not used	cósales
	accusative	cósame	not used	cósalo, cósala, cósase	cósanos	not used	cósalos, cósalas
with first-person plural imperative cosamos
	dative	not used	cosámoste	cosámosle	cosámonos	cosámoos	cosámosles
	accusative	not used	cosámoste	cosámoslo, cosámosla	cosámonos	cosámoos	cosámoslos, cosámoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative cosed
	dative	cosedme	not used	cosedle	cosednos	coseos	cosedles
	accusative	cosedme	not used	cosedlo, cosedla	cosednos	coseos	cosedlos, cosedlas
with formal second-person plural imperative cosan
	dative	cósanme	not used	cósanle	cósannos	not used	cósanles, cósanse
	accusative	cósanme	not used	cósanlo, cósanla	cósannos	not used	cósanlos, cósanlas, cósanse

Derived terms

• coser a balazos
• coser a puñaladas
• coser y cantar
• cosido a sus faldas
• descoser
• máquina de coser

 

Related terms

• costura

 

See also

• tejer

Further reading

• “coser”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014