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Translingual
edit| Stroke order | |||
|---|---|---|---|
Han character
edit跟 (Kangxi radical 157, 足+6, 13 strokes, cangjie input 口一日女 (RMAV), four-corner 67132, composition ⿰𧾷艮)
References
edit- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1224, character 14
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 37491
- Dae Jaweon: page 1696, character 5
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3706, character 14
- Unihan data for U+8DDF
Chinese
editGlyph origin
edit| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 艱 | *krɯːn |
| 齦 | *kʰrɯːnʔ, *kʰɯːnʔ, *ŋɯn |
| 眼 | *ŋrɯːnʔ |
| 蛝 | *ɡrɯːn |
| 限 | *ɡrɯːnʔ |
| 硍 | *ɡrɯːnʔ |
| 豤 | *kʰɯːnʔ, *kʰɯːnʔ, *kʰuːn |
| 詪 | *ɡlɯːnʔ, *kɯːnʔ, *kɯːns |
| 根 | *kɯːn |
| 跟 | *kɯːn |
| 珢 | *kɯːn, *kɯːns, *ŋrɯn |
| 艮 | *kɯːns |
| 茛 | *kɯːns |
| 墾 | *kʰɯːnʔ |
| 懇 | *kʰɯːnʔ |
| 垠 | *ŋɯːn, *ŋrɯn, *ŋɯn |
| 泿 | *ŋɯːn, *ŋrɯn |
| 痕 | *ɡɯːn |
| 拫 | *ɡɯːn |
| 鞎 | *ɡɯːn |
| 很 | *ɡɯːnʔ |
| 恨 | *ɡɯːns |
| 銀 | *ŋrɯn |
| 檭 | *ŋrɯn |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kɯːn) : semantic 足 (“foot”) + phonetic 艮 (OC *kɯːns).
Etymology 1
edit| simp. and trad. |
跟 | |
|---|---|---|
Cognate with 根 (OC *kɯːn, “root”) (Wang, 1982).
Pronunciation
edit- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): gen1
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): gien1
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): geng1
- Northern Min (KCR): gáing
- Eastern Min (BUC): gĕng / gṳ̆ng
- Southern Min
- Wu (Northern, Wugniu): 1ken
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): gen1
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄍㄣ
- Tongyong Pinyin: gen
- Wade–Giles: kên1
- Yale: gēn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gen
- Palladius: гэнь (gɛnʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /kən⁵⁵/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: gen1
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: gen
- Sinological IPA (key): /kən⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: gan1
- Yale: gān
- Cantonese Pinyin: gan1
- Guangdong Romanization: gen1
- Sinological IPA (key): /kɐn⁵⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: gin1
- Sinological IPA (key): /kin³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: gien1
- Sinological IPA (key): /kiɛn⁴²/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kiên
- Hakka Romanization System: gienˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: gian1
- Sinological IPA: /ki̯en²⁴/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: geng1
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /kə̃ŋ¹¹/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: gáing
- Sinological IPA (key): /kaiŋ⁵⁴/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: gĕng / gṳ̆ng
- Sinological IPA (key): /kɛiŋ⁵⁵/, /kyŋ⁵⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
Note:
- gĕng - “heel”;
- gṳ̆ng - “to follow”.
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kun
- Tâi-lô: kun
- Phofsit Daibuun: kwn
- IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /kun⁴⁴/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /kun³³/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kin
- Tâi-lô: kin
- Phofsit Daibuun: kyn
- IPA (Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /kin⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: geng1
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kṳng
- Sinological IPA (key): /kɯŋ³³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei)
- Wu
- Xiang
- (Changsha)
- Wiktionary: gen1
- Sinological IPA (key): /kən³³/
- (Changsha)
- Dialectal data
- Middle Chinese: kon
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*kɯːn/
Definitions
edit跟
- heel (of a foot, a shoe or a sock)
- to follow
- (of a woman) to marry
- with (together)
- as (in comparisons)
- to; with
- and (joining nouns)
- (dialectal Mandarin) at
- (Cantonese) to follow; to abide
- (Waxiang) to act for someone
- (Waxiang) Used to introduce the direct object of a verb.
- 跟履端來！／跟履端来！ [Waxiang] ― [kai⁵⁵ li²⁵ to⁵⁵ zɤ¹³] [IPA] ― Bring the shoes over here!
- 跟門閉下。／跟门闭下。 [Waxiang] ― [kai⁵⁵ mai⁵⁵ pi³³ ka³³] [IPA] ― Close the door.
- 接到以後，又跟女子通送到房裡去。 [Waxiang, trad.]
- From: 2010, 向光训 (Xiang Guangxun), 《婚礼》, in 伍云姬 (Wu Yunji), 沈瑞清 (Shen Ruiqing), 《湘西古丈瓦乡话调查报告》, Shanghai: Shanghai Educational Publishing House, →ISBN, page 257
- [tɕ͡iɛ⁴¹ tau³³ i⁴¹ xəɯ²⁵ iəɯ²⁵ kai⁵⁵ ɳiəɯ²⁵⁻¹³ ts͡a tʰau⁵⁵ sau³³ tau³³ vɤŋ¹³ la²⁵ kʰəɯ³³] [IPA]
- (please add an English translation of this usage example)
接到以后，又跟女子通送到房里去。 [Waxiang, simp.]
Synonyms
editDialectal synonyms of 跟 (“to follow”) [map]
| Variety | Location | Words |
|---|---|---|
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 跟, 跟隨, 跟從 | |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 跟 |
| Taiwan | 跟 | |
| Singapore | 跟 | |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 跟 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 跟 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 跟 |
| Wuhan | 跟 | |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 跟 |
| Hefei | 跟 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 跟 |
| Hong Kong | 跟 | |
| Yangjiang | 跟 | |
| Singapore (Guangfu) | 跟 | |
| Gan | Nanchang | 跟 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 跈, 跟 |
| Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 跈 | |
| Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 跈 | |
| Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 跈 | |
| Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 跈 | |
| Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 跈 | |
| Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 跈 | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 跟, 相跟 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 跟 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 跟, 跇 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 綴 |
| Quanzhou | 綴 | |
| Shishi | 綴 | |
| Zhangzhou | 綴 | |
| Taipei | 綴 | |
| New Taipei (Sanxia) | 綴 | |
| Kaohsiung | 綴 | |
| Yilan | 綴 | |
| Changhua (Lukang) | 綴 | |
| Taichung | 綴 | |
| Tainan | 綴 | |
| Hsinchu | 綴 | |
| Kinmen | 綴 | |
| Penghu (Magong) | 綴 | |
| Penang (Hokkien) | 綴 | |
| Singapore (Hokkien) | 綴 | |
| Manila (Hokkien) | 綴 | |
| Chaozhou | 綴 | |
| Singapore (Teochew) | 綴 | |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 綴 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 跟 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 跟 |
| Wenzhou | 跟 | |
| Xiang | Changsha | 跟 |
| Shuangfeng | 跟 | |
See also
editCompounds
edit- 劈腳跟／劈脚跟
- 年跟腳／年跟脚
- 後跟／后跟 (hòugēn)
- 拿跟
- 摔跟頭／摔跟头
- 栽跟頭／栽跟头
- 沒後跟／没后跟
- 番張跟斗
- 相跟
- 砌跟
- 穿跟斗
- 立定腳跟／立定脚跟
- 站穩腳跟／站稳脚跟
- 緊跟／紧跟 (jǐngēn)
- 翻跟斗
- 翻跟頭／翻跟头 (fān gēntou)
- 耳跟廂／耳跟厢
- 腳後跟／脚后跟 (jiǎohòugēn)
- 腳跟／脚跟 (jiǎogēn)
- 腳跟大事／脚跟大事
- 足跟 (zúgēn)
- 跟丁
- 跟上 (gēnshàng)
- 跟不上 (gēnbùshàng)
- 跟了人
- 跟人
- 跟伴
- 跟住
- 跟兔
- 跟兒／跟儿
- 跟前
- 跟前人
- 跟勁／跟劲
- 跟包
- 跟即
- 跟問／跟问
- 跟夫
- 跟婆
- 跟子
- 跟官
- 跟定 (gēndìng)
- 跟尋／跟寻
- 跟局
- 跟尾兒／跟尾儿
- 跟屁精
- 跟屁股
- 跟屁蟲／跟屁虫 (gēnpìchóng)
- 跟履
- 跟差
- 跟底
- 跟役 (gēnyì)
- 跟從／跟从 (gēncóng)
- 跟房
- 跟手 (gēnshǒu)
- 跟挂
- 跟捕
- 跟斗
- 跟斗翻
- 跟斗蟲
- 跟會／跟会
- 跟止
- 跟步
- 跟班 (gēnbān)
- 跟監／跟监
- 跟着 (gēnzhe)
- 跟究
- 跟絓／跟𮉤
- 跟緝／跟缉
- 跟聲／跟声
- 跟肘
- 跟胥
- 跟脛／跟胫
- 跟腳／跟脚
- 跟腱 (gēnjiàn)
- 跟腳裏／跟脚里
- 跟著／跟着 (gēnzhe)
- 跟衣
- 跟超掖夾／跟超掖夹
- 跟趕／跟赶
- 跟足
- 跟趾
- 跟踵
- 跟蹤／跟踪 (gēnzōng)
- 跟蹠
- 跟車／跟车 (gēnchē)
- 跟進／跟进 (gēnjìn)
- 跟隨／跟随 (gēnsuí)
- 跟頭／跟头 (gēntou)
- 跟頭戲／跟头戏
- 跟頭蟲／跟头虫 (gēntouchóng)
- 跟馬／跟马
- 跟骨 (gēngǔ)
- 躡跟／蹑跟
- 追跟
- 連扯跟頭／连扯跟头
- 靴後跟／靴后跟
- 鞋跟 (xiégēn)
- 頭痒搔跟
- 頭癢搔跟／头痒搔跟
- 高跟 (gāogēn)
- 高跟鞋 (gāogēnxié)
Etymology 2
edit| simp. and trad. |
跟 | |
|---|---|---|
Pronunciation
edit- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei, Hsinchu, Magong)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tè
- Tâi-lô: tè
- Phofsit Daibuun: dex
- IPA (Taipei): /te¹¹/
- IPA (Xiamen): /te²¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Lukang, Sanxia, Hsinchu, Kinmen)
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Taichung, Yilan, Singapore)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tòe
- Tâi-lô: tuè
- Phofsit Daibuun: doex
- IPA (Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan, Singapore): /tue²¹/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: duê3
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tuè
- Sinological IPA (key): /tue²¹³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei, Hsinchu, Magong)
Definitions
edit跟
- (Southern Min) Alternative form of 綴／缀 (“to follow”)
Japanese
editKanji
edit跟
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
Readings
editKorean
editHanja
edit跟 • (geun) (hangeul 근, revised geun, McCune–Reischauer kŭn, Yale kun)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
Vietnamese
editHan character
edit跟: Hán Nôm readings: cân, ngấn, ngân
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
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