卓

See also: 棹 and 桌

卓	U+5353, 卓 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5353

← 卒
[U+5352]

CJK Unified Ideographs

協 →
[U+5354]

Translingual

Stroke order

Traditional	桌
Simplified	卓
Japanese	卓
Korean	卓

Han character

卓 (Kangxi radical 24, 十+6, 8 strokes, cangjie input 卜日十 (YAJ), four-corner 2140₆, composition ⿱⺊早)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 156, character 29
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2741
Dae Jaweon: page 356, character 20
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 61, character 6
Unihan data for U+5353

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 卓
Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (卓) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
悼	*deːwɢs
淖	*rneːwɢs
罩	*rteːwɢs
鵫	rteːwɢs, rdeːwɢ
趠	rtʰeːwɢs, rtʰeːwɢ
踔	rtʰeːwɢs, rtʰeːwɢ
棹	*rdeːwɢs
鋽	*tʰeːwɢs
掉	deːwʔ, deːwɢs, *rneːwɢ
逴	tʰewɢ, rtʰeːwɢ
焯	*tjewɢ
綽	*tʰjewɢ
婥	*tʰjewɢ
繛	*tʰjewɢ
卓	*rteːwɢ
桌	*rteːwɢ
倬	*rteːwɢ
啅	*rteːwɢ
晫	rteːwɢ, rtʰeːwɢ

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) of a child (子) with a type of flag (ㅏ) on its head. (Ji Xusheng, 2004)

The child is now written in a way similar to 早 in the modern script.

Etymology

Derivative: 桌 (OC *rteːwɢ, “table”).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zhuó, zhuō

(Zhuyin): ㄓㄨㄛˊ, ㄓㄨㄛ
Cantonese (Jyutping): coek³ / zoek³
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): chok

(Hailu, HRS): zog

(Meixian, Guangdong): zog⁵
Eastern Min (BUC): dó̤h / dáuk
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): do⁵ / dorh⁶
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): toh / tok

(Teochew, Peng'im): doh⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zhuó
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄨㄛˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jhuó
  - Wade–Giles: cho²
  - Yale: jwó
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jwo
  - Palladius: чжо (čžo)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂu̯ɔ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, variant in Mainland)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zhuō
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄨㄛ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jhuo
  - Wade–Giles: cho¹
  - Yale: jwō
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: juo
  - Palladius: чжо (čžo)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂu̯ɔ⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: coek³ / zoek³
  - Yale: cheuk / jeuk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tsoek⁸ / dzoek⁸
  - Guangdong Romanization: cêg³ / zêg³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰœːk̚³/, /t͡sœːk̚³/

Note: zoek3 - variant.

Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chok
  - Hakka Romanization System: zog^ˋ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: zog⁵
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sok̚²/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: zog
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sok⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: zog⁵
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sɔk̚¹/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: dó̤h / dáuk
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɔʔ²⁴/, /tɑuʔ²⁴/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: do⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /to²¹/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: do⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɵ²¹/
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: dorh⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɒʔ¹/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: dorh⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɒʔ²/

Note:

do5 - vernacular (incl. surname);
dorh6 - literary.

Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: toh / tok
  - Tâi-lô: toh / tok
  - Phofsit Daibuun: doiq, dog
  - IPA (Xiamen): /toʔ³²/, /tɔk̚³²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /toʔ⁵/, /tɔk̚⁵/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /toʔ³²/, /tɔk̚³²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /toʔ³²/, /tɔk̚³²/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /tɤʔ³²/, /tɔk̚³²/

Note:

toh - vernacular (incl. surname);
tok - literary.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: doh⁴
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: toh
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /toʔ²/

Middle Chinese: traewk

Rime
Character	卓
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	知 (9)
Final (韻)	覺 (10)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	竹角切
Baxter	traewk
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʈˠʌk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ʈᵚɔk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ȶɔk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʈaɨwk̚/
Li Rong	/ȶɔk̚/
Wang Li	/ȶɔk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȶɔk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhuo
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zok³

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*tˤrawk/

(Zhengzhang): /*rteːwɢ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	卓
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhuō
Middle Chinese	‹ træwk ›
Old Chinese	/*tˁrawk/
English	high; splendid
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	卓
Reading #	1/1
No.	17766
Phonetic component	卓
Rime group	藥
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	斲
Old Chinese	/*rteːwɢ/
Notes	甲文象猿騰躍出畢高飛遠遁，後轉註爲踔逴趠

Definitions

卓

tall and erect
outstanding; profound; brilliant; lofty
^† Original form of 桌 (zhuō, “table”).
a surname

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

卓

(Jōyō kanji)

Readings

Go-on: たく (taku, Jōyō)
Kan-on: たく (taku, Jōyō)
Kun: すぐれる (sugureru, 卓れる)
Nanori: たかし (takashi)、たく (taku)、すぐる (suguru)、まさる (masaru)、あきら (akira)、たくじ (takuji)、とう (tō)、まこと (makoto)

Kanji in this term
卓
たく Grade: S
on'yomi

Noun

卓(たく) • (taku)

table, desk

Proper noun

Kanji in this term
卓
たか(し) Grade: S
nanori

卓(たかし) • (Takashi)

a male given name

卓(すぐる) • (Suguru)

a male given name

Korean

Hanja

卓 (eumhun 높을 탁 (nopeul tak))

hanja form^? of 탁 (“high; table; desk”)

Vietnamese

Han character

卓: Hán Việt readings: trác^[1]^[2]^[3]
卓: Nôm readings: chác^[2]^[3]^[4], chắc^[2]^[3], giạt^[5]

chữ Hán form of trác (“tall and erect, elevated”).
chữ Hán form of trác (“a table”).
Nôm form of chắc (“firm, solid, strong”).

References

[Trần_(1999)-1] Trần (1999).

[bonet-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Bonet (1899).

[tdcntd-3] 3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 Nguyễn et al. (2009).

[btcn-4] Hồ (1976).

[gdhn-5] Trần (2004).

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[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]