लभते

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• লভতে (Assamese script)
• ᬮᬪᬢᬾ (Balinese script)
• লভতে (Bengali script)
• 𑰩𑰥𑰝𑰸 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀮𑀪𑀢𑁂 (Brahmi script)
• လဘတေ (Burmese script)
• લભતે (Gujarati script)
• ਲਭਤੇ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌲𑌭𑌤𑍇 (Grantha script)
• ꦭꦨꦠꦺ (Javanese script)
• 𑂪𑂦𑂞𑂵 (Kaithi script)
• ಲಭತೇ (Kannada script)
• លភតេ (Khmer script)
• ລຠເຕ (Lao script)
• ലഭതേ (Malayalam script)
• ᠯᠠᢨᠠᢠᡝ (Manchu script)
• 𑘩𑘥𑘝𑘹 (Modi script)
• ᠯᠠᠪᠾᠠᢐᠧ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧉𑧅𑦽𑧚 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐮𑐨𑐟𑐾 (Newa script)
• ଲଭତେ (Odia script)
• ꢭꢩꢡꢾ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆬𑆨𑆠𑆼 (Sharada script)
• 𑖩𑖥𑖝𑖸 (Siddham script)
• ලභතෙ (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩽𑩳𑩫𑩔 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚥𑚡𑚙𑚲 (Takri script)
• லப⁴தே (Tamil script)
• లభతే (Telugu script)
• ลภเต (Thai script)
• ལ་བྷ་ཏེ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒪𑒦𑒞𑒹 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨬𑨡𑨙𑨄 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *lebʰ- (“to take, seize”), see also Lithuanian lobis, possibly Latin labor.

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /lɐ.bʱɐ.tɐj/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈl̪ɐ.bʱɐ.t̪eː/

Verb

लभते • (labhate) third-singular indicative (class 1, type A, root लभ्)

1. to take, seize, catch
2. to catch sight of, meet with, find

   with अन्तरम् (antaram) — to find an opportunity, make an impression, be effective

   with अवकाशम् (avakāśam) — to find scope, be appropriate

   with कालम् (kālam) — to find the right time or moment

3. to gain possession of, obtain, receive, conceive, get, receive ("from" +ablative; "as" +accusative), recover ib.

   with गर्भम् (garbham) — to conceive an embryo, become pregnant

   with पदम् (padam) — to obtain a footing

4. to gain the power of (doing anything), succeed in, be permitted or allowed to (+infinitive or dative)

   labhate draṣṭum, or darśanāya — he is able or allowed to see

5. to possess, have
6. to perceive, know, understand, learn, find out
7. (passive voice) to be taken or caught or met with or found or got or obtained
8. to be allowed or permitted (infinitive sometimes with passive sense)

   nā-dharmo labhyate kartum — injustice ought not to be done

9. to follow, result
10. to be comprehended by (+ablative)
11. (causative) to cause to take or receive or obtain, give, bestow (generally with two accusatives; rarely with accusative and instrumental = to present with)
12. to get, procure (compare लम्भित (lambhita))
13. to find out, discover
14. to cause to suffer
15. (desiderative) to wish to seize or take or catch or obtain or receive (with accusative or genitive; "from" +ablative)

Conjugation

Present: लभते (labhate)
	Active			Mediopassive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Indicative
Third	- -	- -	- -	लभते labhate	लभेते labhete	लभन्ते labhante
Second	- -	- -	- -	लभसे labhase	लभेथे labhethe	लभध्वे labhadhve
First	- -	- -	- -	लभे labhe	लभावहे labhāvahe	लभामहे labhāmahe
Imperative
Third	- -	- -	- -	लभताम् labhatām	लभेताम् labhetām	लभन्ताम् labhantām
Second	- -	- -	- -	लभस्व labhasva	लभेथाम् labhethām	लभध्वम् labhadhvam
First	- -	- -	- -	लभै labhai	लभावहै labhāvahai	लभामहै labhāmahai
Optative/Potential
Third	- -	- -	- -	लभेत labheta	लभेयाताम् labheyātām	लभेरन् labheran
Second	- -	- -	- -	लभेथाः labhethāḥ	लभेयाथाम् labheyāthām	लभेध्वम् labhedhvam
First	- -	- -	- -	लभेय labheya	लभेवहि labhevahi	लभेमहि labhemahi
Subjunctive
Third	- -	- -	- -	लभाते / लभातै labhāte / labhātai	लभैते labhaite	लभन्त / लभान्तै labhanta / labhāntai
Second	- -	- -	- -	लभासे / लभासै labhāse / labhāsai	लभैथे labhaithe	लभाध्वै labhādhvai
First	- -	- -	- -	लभै labhai	लभावहै labhāvahai	लभामहै labhāmahai
Participles
	- -			लभमान labhamāna
Notes	The subjunctive is only used in Vedic Sanskrit.

Imperfect: अलभत (alabhata)
	Active			Mediopassive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Indicative
Third	- -	- -	- -	अलभत alabhata	अलभेताम् alabhetām	अलभन्त alabhanta
Second	- -	- -	- -	अलभथाः alabhathāḥ	अलभेथाम् alabhethām	अलभध्वम् alabhadhvam
First	- -	- -	- -	अलभे alabhe	अलभावहि alabhāvahi	अलभामहि alabhāmahi

Descendants

• Pali: labhati
• Prakrit: 𑀮𑀳𑁂𑀇 (lahei), 𑀮𑀪𑀇 (labhaï)
  • Central:
    • Shauraseni Prakrit:
      • Hindustani: lahnā (to find, get, get on well, experience)

        Hindi: लहना

        Urdu: لَحنَا

      • Old Gujarati: लहइ
        • Gujarati: લહેવું (lahevũ, “to listen attentively”)
      • Romani: liel, lel
  • Eastern:
    • Magadhi Prakrit:
      • Assamese: লোৱা (lüa)
      • Bengali: লওয়া (loōẇa)
      • Odia: ଲଇବା (laibā, “to take, hold, observe”)
  • Northern:
    • Kumaoni: ल्हिअण (lhiãṛ̃)
    • Western Pahari:
      • Bhattiyali: लैणा (laiṇā, “to take”)
      • Churahi: लैणा (laiṇā, “to take”)
  • Southern:
    • Elu Prakrit:
      • Dhivehi: ލިބެނީ (libenī)
      • Sinhalese: ලබනවා (labanawā)
    • Maharashtri Prakrit:
      • Marathi: लाहणें (lāhṇẽ, “to acquire”)
  • Western:
    • Paisaci Prakrit:
      • Punjabi: lahiṇā (“to find”)

        Gurmukhi script: ਪਹਿਣਾ

        Shahmukhi script: لَحِݨَا

        • Lahnda: لےحݨ (laihaṇ), لَحَݨ (lahaṇ)
      • Sindhi: lahaṇu (“to obtain”)

        Arabic script: لَهَڻُ

        Devanagari script: लहणु

• Dardic:
  • Gawar-Bati: [script needed] (lē-, “to find”)
  • Kalami: [script needed] (lāgā̃, “to receive”)
  • Khowar: لیىک (leik, “to obtain, find”)
  • Phalura: [script needed] (lahe-, “to find”)
  • Shina: لیوک (layóĭki̯, “to obtain, find”)
    • Kohistani Shina: [script needed] (lhaunṷ)
• → Proto-Nuristani:
  • Waigali: [script needed] (lā-), [script needed] (lawŕ-)
  • Dameli: [script needed] (lay-, “to find”)

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “लभते”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0896.
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “labhate”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 635