Wikipedia

International Motor Show Germany

(Redirected from Frankfurt Auto Show)

The International Motor Show Germany or International Mobility Show Germany, in German known as the Internationale Automobil-Ausstellung (IAA – International Automobile Exhibition), is one of the world's largest mobility trade fairs. It consists of two separate fairs, that subdivided in 1991. While the IAA Mobility displays passenger vehicles, motorcycles and bikes, the IAA Transportation specializes in commercial vehicles. Before the separation, the show was held solely at the Messe Frankfurt.

International Motor Show Germany
Internationale Automobil-Ausstellung (IAA)
The Frankfurt Trade Fair during the 2007 Frankfurt Motor Show with the Messeturm in the background
StatusActive
GenreAuto show
FrequencyAnnual
(IAA Mobility in odd years, IAA Transportation in even years)
VenueMesse München
(IAA Mobility)
Hanover Fairground
(IAA Transportation)
CountryGermany
Years active1897–present
Previous event05 – 10 September 2023
(IAA Mobility)
17 – 22 September 2024
(IAA Transportation)
Next event09 – 14 September 2025
(IAA Mobility)
15 – 19 September 2026
(IAA Transportation)
AttendanceSee here
Organised byVerband der Automobilindustrie (VDA)
Websitewww.iaa-mobility.com

In 2021, the IAA adopted the New Mobility World concept, formats and business model, rebranded to IAA Mobility, and moved to Munich.

The IAA is organized by the Verband der Automobilindustrie (VDA – Association of the German Automotive Industry) and is scheduled by the Organisation Internationale des Constructeurs d'Automobiles (OICA), who recognize the IAA as one of the "big five" most prestigious auto shows worldwide.

History

edit

At the turn of the 20th century

edit

In 1897 the first IAA was held at the Hotel Bristol in Berlin, with a total of eight motor vehicles on display.[1] As the automobile became more known and accepted, the IAA became a fixed event in Germany, with at least one held every year, usually in Berlin. From 1905 to 1907, there were two per year, as the production had increased to an industrial level. In the next years the show was suspended due to the ongoing World War I, and was then reinstated in 1921 with 67 automobile manufacturers displaying 90 vehicles under the motto "comfort".

Despite the still perceptible after-effects of the global recession, the 22nd IAA was held in Berlin in 1931, with a total of 295,000 visitors. For the first time the exhibition included front-wheel drive vehicles. In 1939, the 29th installation of the event gathered a total of 825,000 visitors – an all-time record at that time. The new Volkswagen was presented for the first time, which later came to be known as the Beetle. This was the last IAA before it was again suspended during World War II.[citation needed]

Post World War II

edit

After World War II Germany and Berlin were divided. From 1947 to 1949, West Germany's automobile and accessories manufacturers took part in the export trade fair in Hanover. The automobile industry's hall acted like a magnet on the public, with a great number of visitors coming to the show.[citation needed] In 1951 the Verband der Automobilindustrie (VDA – Association of the German Automotive Industry) moved the IAA to Frankfurt and the federal State of Hesse purchased shares in the Messe Frankfurt.[2] The trade fair was held in April and attracted a total of 570,000 visitors, with exhibits including the first HGV to have a turbo diesel engine. Just six months later, in September 1951, a second exhibition in Berlin was held, gathering 290,000 visitors. From then on, the German automobile industry bade farewell to its traditional exhibition site in Berlin and relocated the motor show completely to Frankfurt. The IAA was also rescheduled to only take place every other year.[citation needed]

In 1989 the last IAA to feature both passenger cars and commercial vehicles in one show confirmed that the exhibition site in Frankfurt was now too small for this major event. Almost 2,000 exhibitors squeezed onto an exhibition site measuring 252,000 square metres. More than 1.2 million visitors attended the event. Because of the high demand, it was no longer possible to meet exhibitors' requirements for adequate exhibition stands. In view of this, the VDA decided to split the IAA from now on, with a focus on passenger vehicles in odd years, and a focus on commercial vehicles in even years. The first IAA focused solely on passenger cars, held in 1991, was a huge success. A total of 1,271 exhibitors from 43 countries displayed their new products and innovations. With more than 935,000 visitors, the IAA Passenger Cars was extremely well attended. In the following year the first IAA Commercial Vehicles took place in Hanover, Germany. It saw 1,284 exhibitors from 29 countries and gathered 287,000 people, 66 per cent being trade visitors.

In 2001 the September 11 attacks on the World Trade Center in New York cast a shadow over the IAA Cars in Frankfurt. The exhibition went ahead all the same. As a mark of solidarity with the victims and their dependants, all show elements and loud music as well as the official opening ceremony with the Federal Chancellor were cancelled. VDA President Gottschalk explained this decision: "Because we could not permit terrorist forces to take away our freedom of action. And because, as a key international sector, we have a responsibility not to allow things to grind to a halt." In an impressive manner, the general public confirmed that this indeed was the right decision to take: more than 800,000 people visited this "quiet IAA".

In spite of the Great Recession, the IAA Cars 2009 proved to be a magnet for visitors. Around 850,000 people visited the auto show in Frankfurt, which greatly exceeded the target of 750,000. The headline "A Moving Experience" showed, where the mobility of tomorrow is heading. A huge number of options were presented at the IAA, ranging from the mild hybrid and the plug-in hybrid to the all-electric car, fuel cells and hydrogen power.

Developments in the 2010s

edit

The 2010s were marked by the transformation of the automotive industry: In 2011 the 63rd IAA featured the all-new "Hall of Electric Mobility",[3] a first-timer to all Motor Shows worldwide. Additional IAA-premieres included the Electric Mobility Conference as well as the CarIT Conference dealing with the issue of connected driving. This approach was repeated in 2013.

In 2015, the IAA introduced New Mobility World,[4] a platform for the entire ecosystem of electric mobility, autonomous driving, connectivity and urban mobility. In the second week of the IAA, the emissions scandal (Dieselgate) became public. Until the IAA Cars 2015, exhibitor numbers were consistently above 1,000, and the number of visitors was 931,700.[5]

The 67th IAA Cars 2017 – the first after the emissions scandal – was overshadowed by a loss of confidence in the German automotive industry. For the first time, the number of exhibitors fell below 1,000, while the number of visitors dropped to 810,000 – the worst figure since 2001. Meanwhile, New Mobility World grew significantly to 250 participating organizations, 200 conference speakers and 250,000 visitors.[6] Since 2017, NMW's purpose was to not only to be Europe's leading innovation platform for future mobility, but also to develop and establish formats and business models beyond the booth rental of conventional auto shows.[7]

This trend continued at the 58th IAA Cars 2019, with New Mobility World growing to over 400 participating organizations, doubling the number of attendees to 500,000, and increasing its international reach, with 62% of the 240 speakers and 47% attendees at the English-only conference coming from abroad.[8] International media perceived New Mobility World to have "become the meeting point for the world's leading companies in automotive technologies and mobility" by now.[9]

The IAA itself recorded only 560,000 visitors (including NMW), the number of exhibitors fell to 873, in particular due to a further loss of international exhibitors. It was also accompanied by much larger protests than in the past.[10] According to the organizers, a total of 25,000 participants, 18,000 of them by bicycle, came to a demonstration on 14 September for a change in traffic policy; the police spoke of about 15,000.[11]

The IAA Cars 2019 was the last IAA held in Frankfurt. In 2021, IAA adopted the New Mobility World concept, formats and business model, rebranded to IAA Mobility, and moved to Munich.

Change of venue location

edit

2019 marked the final year that the IAA hosted its automotive exhibition in Frankfurt.[12] In the several previous years, more and more manufacturers opted out of the IAA or greatly downsized their presence. The marques that specialise in high performance and luxury vehicles — such as Aston Martin, Bentley, Bugatti, Ferrari, and Rolls-Royce — were often the biggest draw at the IAA show, and they were absent from the several previous exhibitions. BMW had downsized its presence from 11,000 to 3,000 square metres.[13] Since 2017, visitor numbers have almost halved, this, in addition to controversies such as Dieselgate and the global climate change issue, have prompted the IAA to change the scope of the exhibition and to pick a new venue.[14] The rapidly decreasing number of visitors in the last several exhibitions reflected the waning enthusiasm for the IAA, along with prominent protests against the car industry by environmental activists.[15]

The contract between Messe Frankfurt and VDA, the IAA organiser, expired in 2019. VDA chose not to renew the contract, citing the above reasons. Instead, VDA indicated its intention of moving its biannual automotive exhibitions to another city for 2021 onward. The final three candidate cities were Berlin, Hamburg, and Munich. Four other cities had also submitted bids but didn't make the final round: Cologne, Frankfurt, Hanover, and Stuttgart.

On 3 March 2020, VDA chose Munich.[16] Munich beat out Berlin and Hamburg based on three criteria. Munich Airport is the second Lufthansa hub and has many direct international flights (second to Frankfurt); Munich is home to BMW and several other high tech industries such as Apple, Google, and many start-up companies; the city has 130,000 employees working in automobile industry. The Greens-led city council and Bavarian state government have given their support, along with 2/3 of people who responded to the survey. The event was planned to take place from 7 to 12 September, before the start of Oktoberfest,[17] but was cancelled due to Covid.[18] The IAA Mobility finally took place in September 2021.

Major vehicle introductions

edit

1951

edit

The following introductions were made at the 1951 show:

1953

edit

The following introductions were made at the 1953 show:

1955

edit

The following introductions were made at the 1955 show:

1957

edit

The following introductions were made at the 1957 show:

1959

edit

The following introductions were made at the 1959 show:

1961

edit

The following introductions were made at the 1961 show:

1963

edit

The following introductions were made at the 1963 show:

1965

edit

The following introductions were made at the 1965 show:

1967

edit

1969

edit

The following introductions were made at the 1969 show:

1973

edit

The following introductions were made at the 1973 show:

1977

edit

The following introductions were made at the 1977 show:

1979

edit

The 1979 Show occurred in a tough year for the automobile industry, with a focus on decreased speed limits and conserving energy, with most of Western Europe on the brink of a severe recession. It also occurred at a time when car design was changing substantially, with hatchbacks and front-wheel drive becoming increasingly popular, as well as demand increasing for smaller "supermini" cars.[19]

The following introductions were scheduled for the 1979 show:[19]

1981

edit

The following introductions were made at the 1981 show:

1983

edit

1983 was, in most of Western Europe, a year of recovery in the new car market, as the economy recovered from the recent recession. Many important new cars were launched at Frankfurt and elsewhere during 1983. Those launched elsewhere include the Austin Maestro, Fiat Uno, Nissan Micra, Peugeot 205 and Renault 11. The Opel Corsa (launched in Spain in September 1982) was also imported to the UK from April 1983, where it was sold as the Vauxhall Nova.

The following introductions were made at the 1983 show from 12 to 22 September:

1985

edit

The following introductions were made at the 1985 show:

1987

edit

The following introductions were made at the 1987 show:

1988

edit

The following introductions were made at the 1988 show:

1989

edit

The following introductions were made at the 1989 show:

1991

edit

The following introductions were made at the 1991 show:

1993

edit

The following introductions were made at the 1993 show:

1995

edit

The 1995 show ran from 14 to 24 September.

The following introductions were made at the 1995 show:

1995 concept cars

edit

1997

edit

The 1997 show ran from 11 to 21 September.

The following introductions were made at the 1997 show:

1997 concept cars

edit

1999

edit

The 1999 show opened on 16 September, and had nearly 1,200 exhibitors from 44 countries [25]

The following introductions were made at the 1999 show:

 
Volkswagen Concept D at the 1999 Frankfurt Motor Show

1999 concept cars

edit

2001

edit

The 2001 show opened to international media on 11 September, with a series of concept and production vehicle debuts kicking off in the early morning. The following introductions were made at the 2001 show:

 
Audi A4 Convertible at the 2001 Frankfurt Motor Show

2001 concept cars

edit

2003

edit

For the first time, the passenger car-only exhibition in Frankfurt broke the barrier of one million visitors. It featured 2,000 exhibitors from 42 countries. The following introductions were made at the 2003 show:

 
Porsche 996 GT3 RS at the 2003 Frankfurt Motor Show

2003 concept cars

edit

2005

edit

The exhibition focused strongly on future solutions such as hybrid, hydrogen, flex-fuel and SCR technologies for reducing NOx emissions. There were around 940,000 visitors to the 2005 show. The following introductions were made at the 2005 show:

 
Mercedes-Benz at the 2005 Frankfurt Motor Show
 
Opel Astra TwinTop at 2005 Frankfurt Motor Show

2005 concept cars

edit

2007

edit
 
The Mercedes-Benz pavilion at the 2007 Frankfurt Motor Show
 
Volkswagen Tiguan at the 2007 Frankfurt Motor Show

The 2007 Frankfurt Motor Show's key theme was sustainable mobility.[40]

The following introductions were presented at the 2007 show:

Hybrids

edit

European automakers demonstrated a new interest in hybrid and electric vehicles at the 2007 Frankfurt Motor Show. For example, Mercedes-Benz arrived at the show with seven hybrids, including a luxury sedan concept vehicle called the F 700, a 17-foot (5.2 m)-long car that achieves a fuel economy of 44.4 miles per gallon (mpg). The research vehicle features a homogenous charge compression ignition engine, a technology that produces the high fuel economy of a diesel engine from a clean-burning gasoline engine. Mercedes has also mated its clean-diesel engine to an electric motor, creating the Bluetec hybrid. The company plans to introduce a gasoline-fueled hybrid SUV and sedan in 2009, followed by two Bluetec hybrids in 2010, one of which will achieve 51 miles per gallon of diesel fuel. In addition, the Mercedes Car Group exhibited its smart car in three new incarnations: an electric-only vehicle and both diesel and gasoline versions with "micro hybrid drive", a belt-driven starter and alternator that allows the engine to shut off at stops. See the DaimlerChrysler press releases about the auto show and the F700.

Opel, a subsidiary of General Motors, unveiled the Flextreme, a plug-in hybrid that can travel 34 miles (55 km) on its lithium-ion battery before a small diesel engine starts charging the battery.[43] Opel also unveiled the Corsa Hybrid, a coupe that combines a belt-driven starter and alternator with a lithium-ion battery.[44]

Volvo Cars, a division of Ford Motor Company, exhibited a plug-in hybrid with motors in each of the wheels. The Volvo ReCharge can travel about 60 miles (97 km) on battery power alone, using a lithium-polymer battery pack that can be recharged in a standard outlet.[45][46]

The Citroën C-Cactus regular diesel-electric hybrid vehicle debuted at the 2007 Frankfurt Motor Show.

2009

edit
 
Inside the BMW pavilion at the IAA 2009
 
Audi e-tron at the 2009 Frankfurt Motor Show

The theme of the 2009 Frankfurt Motor Show can best be summed up in one word: "electrification." Virtually every manufacturer has unveiled a vehicle using the latest battery technology.[47]

The following introductions were presented at the 2009 show:

Production cars

edit

2009 concept cars

edit

2011

edit
 
Mini Clubman
 
Renault Twingo
 
Fisker Surf
 
Volkswagen Nils
 
BMW i8

The 2011 show was held from 13 to 25 September.[54] The 64th edition of the show included 1,012 exhibitors from 32 countries and was attended by more than 928,000 visitors from 105 countries, 36% of them being trade visitors, among those 80% from the automotive industry, plus more than 12'000 accredited journalists from 98 countries.[55] 183 world premieres were unveiled.

Production cars

edit

2011 concept cars

edit

2013

edit
 
Inside the Porsche pavilion at the IAA 2013

The 2013 show took place from 10 to 22 September.

Nissan introduced a "smart watch" that measures the user's heart rate, temperature and other biometrics. It is also able to keep a watch on car data like fuel efficiency and average speed. It was developed by Nissan's Nismo laboratory. They currently capture live biometric and telematics data from Nissan racing cars and their drivers.[57]

Production cars

edit

2013 concept cars

edit

2015

edit
 
Audi pavilion at IAA 2015
 
Mercedes-Benz pavilion at IAA 2015. Onstage is the marque's offroad and SUV range of vehicles.
 
Alfa Romeo Giulia at 2015 IAA

The 2015 show took place from 17 to 27 September.

Production cars

edit

2015 concept cars

edit

2017

edit

The 2017 show took place from 14 to 24 September, with press days on the 12th and 13th.

Production cars

edit
 
View to the BMW pavilion 2017
 
World premiere of the BMW i3s

2017 concept cars

edit
 
Kia ProCeed concept

2019

edit

The 2019 show took place from 12 to 22 September, with press days on the 10th and 11th.

Production cars

edit
 
World premiere of the new Land Rover Defender

2019 concept cars

edit
 
Hongqi S9

2021

edit
 
Canyon Future Mobility Concept at IAA 2021

The 2021 show took place from 7 to 12 September, with a press day on the 6th. Exhibitions are divided over seven locations around central Munich.[129]

Production cars

edit
 
Mercedes-Benz EQE

2021 concept cars

edit
 
BMW i Vision Circular

2022

edit
 
Iveco Daily 4x4 Tigrotto
 
Ford Pro Electric SuperVan

The 2022 show took place in Hanover from 20 to 25 September.[136]

Production cars

edit

Concept cars

edit

2023

edit
Main article: 2023 Munich Motor Show

The 2023 show took place in Munich from 5 to 10 September.[138][139]

Production cars

edit

2024

edit
 
VW Transporter
Main article: 2024 Hanover Motor Show

The 2024 show took place in Hanover from 17 to 22 September.[140]

Production cars

edit

Concept cars

edit

Attendance

edit

References

edit
  1. ^ "IAA: Frankfurt International Car Show". Around-Germany.com. Archived from the original on 18 October 2014. Retrieved 18 October 2014.
  2. ^ Ben Wubs; Regina Lee Blaszczyk (2018). The Fashion Forecasters: A Hidden History of Color and Trend Prediction. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 170. ISBN 9781350017153.
  3. ^ "IAA: Mittendrin Elektromobilität" [IAA: Electromobility right in the middle]. Deutsche Welle (in German). 14 September 2011.
  4. ^ "New mobility world" (PDF). Germany: IAA. 2015. Retrieved 2 December 2023.
  5. ^ "Automesse in Frankfurt: Mehr als 931.000 Besucher auf der IAA". Rp Online. 29 September 2015.
  6. ^ "Statistics IAA 2017 ∣ IAA 2017". archiv2017.iaa.de. Archived from the original on 21 July 2018. Retrieved 6 June 2022.
  7. ^ Gropp, Martin. "Kommentar: Auslaufmodell IAA?". Faz.net.
  8. ^ "New Mobility World & IAA Conference 2019" (PDF). Germany: evenson. 2019. Retrieved 2 December 2023.
  9. ^ "8 Turkish auto startups to attend New Mobility World event at Frankfurt Motor Show". Daily Sabah. 10 September 2019.
  10. ^ "Home". 2019.iaa-demo.de.
  11. ^ "IAA in Frankfurt: "Autoindustrie, die Party ist vorbei"". Der Spiegel. 14 September 2019.
  12. ^ "After nearly 70 years, Frankfurt will no longer host the IAA motor show". Yahoo News. 30 January 2020.
  13. ^ Sellmeyer, Des (16 September 2019). "IAA 2019: The Downfall of the Frankfurt Motor Show". GT Spirit.
  14. ^ "Op de mobiliteitsbeurs in München is de auto minder prominent". FD.nl (in Dutch). Retrieved 7 September 2021.
  15. ^ Engel, Andreas (1 February 2020). "Frankfurt verliert die bedeutende Automesse IAA". Blick (in Swiss High German). Retrieved 7 September 2021.
  16. ^ "München wird die Stadt der neuen IAA 2021". iaa.de. iaa. Archived from the original on 1 July 2020. Retrieved 3 March 2020.
  17. ^ "Mega-Coup für München fix! Die IAA kommt – am Dienstag gibt es Proteste dagegen". TZ München (in German). 4 March 2020.
  18. ^ Toll, Micah (10 December 2021). "World's largest auto show transforms into IAA Mobility 2021". electrek. US. Retrieved 12 September 2021.
  19. ^ a b Rombauts, Walter, ed. (15 September 1979). "Salon van Frankfurt is aanklacht tegen politieke machthebbers" [Frankfurt Show is an indictment of political leaders]. Keesings Auto Magazine (in Flemish). 2 (17). Antwerp, Belgium: 16–18.
  20. ^ Site-Mechanics. "1983 Zender Vision 1S – Студии". www.carstyling.ru. Retrieved 19 October 2018.
  21. ^ "Back to the future +++ 25 years of the BMW Z1" (Press release). Germany: BMW. 6 June 2012. Retrieved 27 December 2022.
  22. ^ Chadderton, Paul (17 September 1997). "Mini makes its move". Auto Express (466): 13.
  23. ^ Barnard, Tom (17 September 1997). "Thinking small makes it big for Audi". Auto Express (466): 8–9.
  24. ^ Nötzli, Max, ed. (7 March 2002). Automobil Revue 2002 (in German and French). Vol. 97. Berne, Switzerland: Büchler Grafino AG. p. 454. ISBN 3-905-386-02-X.
  25. ^ "Frankfurt International Motor Show 1999". YouTube. 2 August 2017.
  26. ^ a b "1999 Frankfurt Show, Part II".
  27. ^ "OMEGA V8.COM – THE MULTI-MEDIA CAR OF THE FUTURE?". carenthusiast.com. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 22 May 2015.
  28. ^ a b "Carlos Ghosn Outlines Bold Plan for Nissan in Europe" (Press release). Nissan Motor Company. 11 September 2001. Archived from the original on 1 February 2014. Retrieved 31 January 2014 – via PR Newswire.
  29. ^ "Frogster puts the fun back into Opel". europe.autonews.com. 24 September 2001. Retrieved 13 June 2015.
  30. ^ a b "Peugeot's Look Into the Future – 206 SW and 307 SW Concept Cars (Frankfurt Motor Show) – AutoWeb News". autoweb.com.au. Archived from the original on 3 February 2014.
  31. ^ "Spy Shots: 2003 Saab 9-3". www.autotrader.com. Archived from the original on 18 May 2015.
  32. ^ a b c d e "CDN Frankfurt Motor Show 2005 – Page 1". CarDesignNews.com. Archived from the original on 28 November 2013. Retrieved 2 April 2013.
  33. ^ a b c d e "CDN Frankfurt Motor Show 2005 – Page 3". CarDesignNews.com. Archived from the original on 28 December 2014. Retrieved 2 April 2013.
  34. ^ a b c d e "CDN Frankfurt Motor Show 2005 – Page 2". Auto news and reviews. CarDesignNews.com. Archived from the original on 28 December 2014. Retrieved 2 April 2013.
  35. ^ "Frankfurt Motor Show 2005 – Hyundai". What Car?. 11 September 2005. Retrieved 14 April 2013.
  36. ^ a b c d e "CDN Frankfurt Motor Show 2005 – Page 4". Auto news and reviews. CarDesignNews.com. Archived from the original on 25 May 2013. Retrieved 2 April 2013.
  37. ^ "NISSAN AT THE 2005 IAA FRANKFURT MOTOR SHOW". nissan-global.com. Archived from the original on 2 February 2014.
  38. ^ a b c d e f "CDN Frankfurt Motor Show 2005 – Page 5". CarDesignNews.com. Archived from the original on 28 December 2014. Retrieved 2 April 2013.
  39. ^ Paul Horrell. "Car News – BBC Top Gear". Topgear.com. Archived from the original on 19 July 2008. Retrieved 28 July 2009.
  40. ^ "IAA – Internationale Automobil-Ausstellung: Start". Archived from the original on 13 February 2008. Retrieved 5 October 2007.[backPid]=566&tx_ttnews[tt_news]=752&cHash=096c1407ef
  41. ^ de:Zhejiang Jonway Automobile
  42. ^ Škoda-Auto.com (16 July 2004). "New Škoda Fabia Combi". Archived from the original on 19 August 2007. Retrieved 18 July 2007.
  43. ^ "Officially Official: Opel Flextreme Concept – 40g/km of CO2 and two Segways in the trunk!". Autoblog.com. 10 September 2007. Archived from the original on 10 January 2016.
  44. ^ "Frankfurt Preview: Opel Corsa Hybrid concept". Autoblog.com. 22 August 2007. Archived from the original on 10 January 2016.
  45. ^ "Frankfurt Preview: Volvo ReCharge – The Swedes go series hybrid". Autoblog.com. 6 September 2007. Archived from the original on 10 January 2016.
  46. ^ "New Ford Small Car Concept Debuts at Frankfurt Motor Show" (Press release). US: Ford. 24 August 2007. Archived from the original on 11 October 2007.
  47. ^ Eisenstein, Paul A. (25 September 2009). "Europeans ready to plug into electric vehicles – Business – Autos – The Driver Seat – NBC News". NBC News. Archived from the original on 28 December 2014. Retrieved 25 December 2010.
  48. ^ "Lotus Elise Club Racer – the perfect combination of performance, efficiency and style". Taume News. 4 September 2009. Archived from the original on 7 September 2009. Retrieved 5 September 2009.
  49. ^ hondacura4 (6 September 2009). "2009 Frankfurt Auto Show: Audi e-tron | Straightline Blog on Edmunds' Inside Line". Blogs.edmunds.com. Archived from the original on 8 September 2009. Retrieved 10 September 2009.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  50. ^ "Frankfurt 2009: Lexus LF-Ch Concept shines in Frankfurt". iCars Singapore. Archived from the original on 1 December 2009. Retrieved 21 September 2009.
  51. ^ "Mini Concept Coupe – 2009 Frankfurt Auto Show". Edmunds.com. Archived from the original on 16 July 2019. Retrieved 10 September 2009.
  52. ^ a b c d "Renault to Show Four Electric Concepts at Frankfurt". autoevolution.com. 10 September 2009. Archived from the original on 14 September 2009. Retrieved 10 September 2009.
  53. ^ a b c d "Frankfurt 2009: Renault's all-electric four-car attack includes Twizy, the quirkiest car of the IAA". green.autoblog.com. Archived from the original on 22 September 2009. Retrieved 16 September 2009.
  54. ^ "IAA 65th International Motor Show – Dates and Hours". IAA. Archived from the original on 1 August 2013. Retrieved 1 May 2013.
  55. ^ "AUTOMOBIL PRODUKTION – AUTOMOBIL PRODUKTION Online". www.automobil-produktion.de. Archived from the original on 27 September 2013.
  56. ^ "Autocar 16 August 2011". Autocar.co.uk. 16 August 2011. Retrieved 28 August 2011.
  57. ^ Wakefield, Jane (9 September 2013). "Nissan launches driver's smartwatch". BBC News. Archived from the original on 10 September 2013.
  58. ^ "Frankfurt 2013: Abarth 595 50th Anniversary Edition". Autoevolution. 13 September 2013. Archived from the original on 2 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  59. ^ "Frankfurt 2013: Abarth 695 Tributo Maserati in Record Grey". Autoevolution. 13 September 2013. Archived from the original on 2 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  60. ^ "2014 Alfa Romeo Giulietta brings its modest facelift to Frankfurt". Worldcarfans. Archived from the original on 23 January 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  61. ^ "Alfa Romeo MiTo facelift revealed at the 2013 Frankfurt Motor Show". MSN UK. Archived from the original on 16 September 2013. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  62. ^ "Aston Martin Vanquish Volante revealed". Auto Express. Archived from the original on 3 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  63. ^ "2014 Audi A8 / S8 facelift debut in Frankfurt". Worldcarfans. Archived from the original on 1 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  64. ^ "2014 Audi A3 Cabriolet bows in Frankfurt". Worldcarfans. Archived from the original on 1 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  65. ^ "Frankfurt Motor Show LIVE: Audi A3 Ultra". inautonews.com. 13 September 2013. Archived from the original on 14 September 2013. Retrieved 14 September 2013.
  66. ^ "Bentley Continental GT V8 S coupe & convertible unveiled in Frankfurt". Worldcarfans. Archived from the original on 1 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  67. ^ "2014 BMW 5-Series facelift lineup showcased on video". Worldcarfans. Archived from the original on 1 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  68. ^ "Frankfurt motor show 2013: BMW X5". Autocar. Archived from the original on 1 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  69. ^ "BMW 4 Series stars at the 2013 Frankfurt Motor Show". MSN UK. Archived from the original on 15 September 2013. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  70. ^ "Frankfurt Motor Show LIVE: Bugatti Veyron Grand Sport Vitesse Jean Bugatti". inautonews.com. 13 September 2013. Archived from the original on 13 September 2013. Retrieved 14 September 2013.
  71. ^ "Caterham Seven 165 Is For Track Enthusiasts On A Budget: 2013 Frankfurt Auto Show". 12 September 2013. Archived from the original on 3 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  72. ^ "Chevrolet to Showcase Five Updated Models at Frankfurt". Autoevolution. 7 August 2013. Archived from the original on 2 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  73. ^ "Frankfurt Motor Show LIVE: Chevrolet Camaro Convertible". inautonews.com. 13 September 2013. Archived from the original on 13 September 2013. Retrieved 14 September 2013.
  74. ^ "Frankfurt Motor Show LIVE: Citroën Grand C4 Picasso". inautonews.com. 13 September 2013. Archived from the original on 4 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  75. ^ "2013 IAA: Citroën DS3 Cabrio Racing Concept drops its top in Frankfurt". 4WheelsNews. Archived from the original on 4 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  76. ^ "See the Dacia Duster facelift LIVE at Frankfurt". inautonews.com. 13 September 2013. Archived from the original on 14 September 2013. Retrieved 14 September 2013.
  77. ^ "Frankfurt Motor Show LIVE: Ferrari 458 Speciale". inautonews.com. 13 September 2013. Archived from the original on 14 September 2013. Retrieved 14 September 2013.
  78. ^ "Frankfurt 2013: Fiat Panda 4x4 Antartica". Autoevolution. 13 September 2013. Archived from the original on 2 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  79. ^ "2014 Fiat 500C GQ Edition revealed". Worldcarfans. Archived from the original on 1 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  80. ^ "Frankfurt Live – 1.0L EcoBoost powered Ford Focus emits just 99g/km of CO2". IndianAutos Blog. 13 September 2013. Archived from the original on 2 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  81. ^ "Honda Civic Tourer stars at the 2013 Frankfurt Motor Show". MSN UK. Archived from the original on 15 September 2013. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  82. ^ "Hyundai i10 stars at the 2013 Frankfurt Motor Show". MSN UK. Archived from the original on 2 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  83. ^ "Frankfurt 2013: Updated 2014 Jaguar XJR Unveiled". Autoevolution. 11 September 2013. Archived from the original on 2 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  84. ^ "Frankfurt Live – Jeep Wrangler Polar special edition is a winter warrior". IndianAutos Blog. 10 September 2013. Archived from the original on 2 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  85. ^ a b "2014 Euro-spec Kia Soul and facelifted Optima confirmed for IAA". Worldcarfans. Archived from the original on 8 December 2013. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  86. ^ "Frankfurt motor show 2013: Lamborghini Gallardo LP 570-4 Squadra Corse". Autocar. Archived from the original on 1 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  87. ^ a b "Frankfurt Live – Lancia Voyager S and 2014 Delta in attendance". IndianAutos Blog. 10 September 2013. Archived from the original on 2 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  88. ^ "Land Rover reveals rejigged Discovery at the 2013 Frankfurt Motor Show". MSN UK. Archived from the original on 14 November 2013. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  89. ^ "2014 Lexus GS 300h Making European Premiere at Frankfurt". Autoevolution. 10 September 2013. Archived from the original on 2 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  90. ^ "Frankfurt 2013: Maserati Ghibli". Autoevolution. 10 September 2013. Archived from the original on 2 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  91. ^ "Mazda 3 and Mazda 3 Fastback star at the 2013 Frankfurt Motor Show". MSN UK. Archived from the original on 14 September 2013. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  92. ^ "Mercedes-Benz S63 AMG LIVE at Frankfurt". inautonews.com. 13 September 2013. Archived from the original on 14 September 2013. Retrieved 14 September 2013.
  93. ^ "Frankfurt Motor Show LIVE: Mercedes Benz S500 Plug-in Hybrid". 10 September 2013. Archived from the original on 4 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  94. ^ "Mercedes-Benz GLA stars at the 2013 Frankfurt Motor Show". MSN UK. Archived from the original on 7 November 2013. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  95. ^ "Updated Nissan Micra gets fresh look, more tech and 'New' name". autoblog.com. 11 September 2013. Archived from the original on 3 December 2013. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  96. ^ "Nissan X-Trail stars at the 2013 Frankfurt Motor Show". MSN UK. Archived from the original on 10 November 2013. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  97. ^ "Opel Adam Black Link and White Link limited edition announced for IAA arrival". Worldcarfans. Archived from the original on 1 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  98. ^ "Frankfurt Motor Show LIVE: Opel Insignia". inautonews.com. 11 September 2013. Archived from the original on 4 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  99. ^ "Frankfurt Motor Show LIVE: Peugeot 308". inautonews.com. 13 September 2013. Archived from the original on 13 September 2013. Retrieved 14 September 2013.
  100. ^ "Frankfurt Motor Show LIVE: Peugeot 3008". inautonews.com. 13 September 2013. Archived from the original on 4 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  101. ^ "Frankfurt 2013: Peugeot RCZ R". Autoevolution. 10 September 2013. Archived from the original on 2 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  102. ^ "Frankfurt 2013: Porsche 918 Spyder". Autoevolution. 10 September 2013. Archived from the original on 2 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  103. ^ "Frankfurt motor show 2013: Porsche 911 Turbo". Autocar. Archived from the original on 1 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  104. ^ "Frankfurt Live – Renault Koleos facelift on view". IndianAutos Blog. 11 September 2013. Archived from the original on 2 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  105. ^ "Renault Latitude Facelift Gets Leaked Ahead of Frankfurt Debut". Autoevolution. 8 August 2013. Archived from the original on 2 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  106. ^ "Frankfurt Motor Show LIVE: Renault Mégane". inautonews.com. 10 September 2013. Archived from the original on 4 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  107. ^ "News From the Frankfurt Motor Show 2013". seat.co.uk. 14 September 2013. Archived from the original on 26 January 2014. Retrieved 17 January 2014.
  108. ^ "Skoda Octavia RS adds versatility to the performance formula". autoblog.com. 11 September 2013. Archived from the original on 4 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  109. ^ "Frankfurt Motor Show LIVE: Škoda Rapid Spaceback". inautonews.com. 10 September 2013. Archived from the original on 4 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  110. ^ "Frankfurt Motor Show LIVE: Škoda Rapid Spaceback". inautonews.com. 10 September 2013. Archived from the original on 4 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  111. ^ "Suzuki Swift Sport 5-Door Pops Up in Frankfurt". Autoevolution. 12 September 2013. Archived from the original on 2 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  112. ^ "Volkswagen e-Up! stars at the 2013 Frankfurt Motor Show". MSN UK. Archived from the original on 1 October 2013. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  113. ^ "3rd generation Seat Leon ST presented at the 2014 Frankfurt Motor Show". Auto Power Girl. Archived from the original on 29 November 2014. Retrieved 19 November 2014.
  114. ^ "Volkswagen e-Golf stars at the 2013 Frankfurt Motor Show". MSN UK. Archived from the original on 16 September 2013. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  115. ^ "Volkswagen Golf R stars at the 2013 Frankfurt Motor Show". MSN UK. Archived from the original on 16 September 2013. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  116. ^ "Frankfurt Motor Show LIVE: Cadillac Elmiraj Concept". inautonews.com. 13 September 2013. Archived from the original on 4 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  117. ^ "Frankfurt Motor Show LIVE: Citroën Cactus concept". inautonews.com. 13 September 2013. Archived from the original on 4 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  118. ^ "Ford Mondeo Vignale concept debuts at Frankfurt Motor Show". Archived from the original on 1 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  119. ^ "Frankfurt motor show 2013: Infiniti Q30". Autocar. Archived from the original on 1 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  120. ^ "Kia Niro concept gets Frankfurt debut". Autocar. Archived from the original on 1 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  121. ^ "Frankfurt motor show 2013: Lexus LF-NX concept". Autocar. Archived from the original on 1 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  122. ^ "Mercedes-Benz S-Class Coupe Concept LIVE in Frankfurt". 13 September 2013. Archived from the original on 4 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  123. ^ "MINI Vision revealed". Auto Express. Archived from the original on 3 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  124. ^ "Frankfurt Motor Show LIVE: Peugeot 308 R Concept". inautonews.com. 13 September 2013. Archived from the original on 4 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  125. ^ "Smart Fourjoy Concept Previews New Forfour". 5 September 2013. Archived from the original on 3 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  126. ^ Wilkinson, Leo (10 September 2013). "Renault Initiale Paris concept car hints at next Espace". telegraph.co.uk. Telegraph Media Group. Archived from the original on 25 September 2015. Retrieved 20 October 2014.
  127. ^ "Subaru WRX concept stars at the 2013 Frankfurt Motor Show". MSN UK. Archived from the original on 15 September 2013. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  128. ^ FRANKFURT MOTOR SHOW: Hongqi S9 supercar raises eyebrows motoring 14 September 2019
  129. ^ "Primeurs IAA 2021: dit zijn ze allemaal!". Autoblog.nl (in Dutch). 15 August 2021. Retrieved 30 August 2021.
  130. ^ "New seven-seat Dacia Jogger unveiled at the 2021 Munich Motor Show".
  131. ^ a b "Great Wall Motors presents new Ora & Wey BEVs". electrive.com. 7 September 2021. Retrieved 11 September 2021.
  132. ^ a b Doll, Scooter (6 September 2021). "Great Wall Motors to launch compact BEV and PHEV SUV in Europe in 2022". Electrek. Retrieved 11 September 2021.
  133. ^ DeMattia, Nico (2 September 2021). "Audi Grand Sphere Concept is the Sleek, Stylish Audi A8 of the Future". Quattro Daily. Retrieved 22 May 2022.
  134. ^ BMW i Vision Circular: focus op duurzaam – AutoWeek
  135. ^ "Volkswagen ID Life: compacte EV onder ID3 in 2025 – AutoWeek".
  136. ^ Webster, Tom (23 September 2022). "The IAA Transportation 2022: Europe's biggest commercial vehicle show". Parkers. UK. Retrieved 18 November 2022.
  137. ^ Tang, Mary (30 September 2022). "MAN Showcases eTruck at IAA Transportation 2022". Truck and Bus News. Malaysia. Retrieved 20 November 2022.
  138. ^ Anderson, Brad (30 May 2023). "Opel Is The Only One Of Stellantis' 14 Brands Heading To Munich's IAA Auto Show". Carscoops.
  139. ^ "Opel Will Be Only Stellantis Brand Attending 2023 IAA Munich Auto Show". Motor1.com. 26 May 2023.
  140. ^ Webster, Tom (23 September 2022). "The IAA Transportation 2022: Europe's biggest commercial vehicle show". Parkers. UK. Retrieved 18 November 2022.
  141. ^ "Wissmann: At 931,700 visitors, this IAA has more than fulfilled our expectations" (Press release). IAA. 27 September 2015. Archived from the original on 10 January 2016. Retrieved 10 January 2016.
  142. ^ "Statistics Visitors and Exhibitors IAA Cars 2017" (Press release). IAA. 25 September 2017. Archived from the original on 21 July 2018. Retrieved 21 July 2018.
  143. ^ Autovisie (4 March 2020). "IAA van Frankfurt naar… München". Autovisie (in Dutch). Retrieved 30 August 2021.
  144. ^ Verband der Automobilindustrie e. V. (VDA) (6 May 2020). "IAA Nutzfahrzeuge 2020 wird wegen Covid-19-Pandemie abgesagt" (Press release) (in German). Retrieved 10 November 2022.
  145. ^ Verband der Automobilindustrie e. V. (VDA) (26 September 2022). "Successful IAA Transportation comes to an end". Retrieved 10 November 2022.
edit
 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to IAA.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=International_Motor_Show_Germany&oldid=1251631507"