Claude Makelele scored his first Chelsea goal to break Charlton's dogged resistance and round off the Blues celebration party.
Makelele scored from the rebound after Charlton keeper Stephan Andersen saved his penalty awarded after Johnathan Fortune's challenge on Frank Lampard.
Chelsea had found Charlton hard to break down but Joe Cole's shot was tipped on to the bar by Andersen.
Skipper John Terry also bounced a second-half header on to the bar.
Whether by design or default, Charlton allowed Chelsea to have plenty of the ball, but initially the Champions were unable to break the Addicks down as they packed numbers behind the ball.
Both teams fielded only one out-and-out striker and with both consequently finding it hard to retain possession in the last third of the pitch the game was in danger of becoming bogged down in a congested midfield.
Williams Gallas went wide to find space and cross for Lampard to plant a free header over from eight yards.
Charlton had some success in working the ball to Kevin Lisbie but could offer him no support as he ploughed a lonely furrow up front.
Cole was determined to unpick Charlton's packed ranks on his own and he found a yard of space to fire in a curling shot which young Danish keeper Stephan Andersen finger-tipped on to the bar.
Chelsea's players mob goalscorer Claude Makelele
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Charlton defender Johnathan Fortune was heavily involved at either end, first dragging his shot wide after a corner dropped to him, and within seconds he threw himself in front of Eidur Gudjohnsen to prevent the Chelsea striker dining on the scraps of Andersen's save from Cole.
There was little variation from the first-half theme with both sides packing players behind the ball.
But Terry almost broke the deadlock, getting round the back to Johnson's cross and angling his header over Andersen and against the bar.
Chelsea upped the tempo as they sensed victory, and even introduced Mikael Forsell for his first appearance in a blue shirt in almost two years.
Andersen's fingertip save denied Cole
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But Charlton were in no mood to roll over and it needed a superb full-length save from Cudicini to deny Matt Holland.
As Charlton appeared to be hanging on for a point, Lampard surged forward and was clipped by Fortune.
The initial contact appeared to be outside the box but referee Mike Riley pointed to the spot.
The ball was given to Makelele whose penalty was saved by Andersen, but the French international reacted first to stab home the rebound for his first goal in 94 appearances.
The win means Chelsea are now just one point behind Manchester United's Premiership points record of 92, set in the 42-game season of 1993-94, with two more games to come.
Chelsea: Cudicini (Pidgeley 82), Johnson (Jarosik 67), Terry, Carvalho, Gallas, Makelele, Cole, Lampard, Tiago (Forssell 67), Gudjohnsen, Geremi. Subs Not Used: Kezman, Huth.
Goal: Makelele 90.
Charlton: Andersen, Young, El Karkouri, Fortune, Konchesky,
Kishishev, Holland, Murphy, Hughes, Johansson, Lisbie. Subs Not Used: Kiely, Fish, Rommedahl, Fuller, Euell.
Att: 42,065
Ref: M Riley (W Yorkshire).