Senarai raja Korea
Ini adalah senarai raja-raja Korea, disusun mengikut dinasti. Nama-nama yang dirumikan mengikut Perumian Semakan Korea Korea Selatan. Perumian McCune-Reischauer boleh didapati di rencana raja-raja individu.
Raja-raja Korea | |
---|---|
Bekas keberajaan | |
Raja pertama | Dangun (legenda) |
Raja terakhir | Sunjong |
Kediaman rasmi | Berbeza mengikut dinasti, paling baru Changdeokgung di Seoul |
Keberajaan bermula | 2333 SM (legenda) |
Keberajaan tamat | 29 Ogos 1910 |
Gojoseon
suntingGojoseon (2333 SM – 108 SM) adalah kerajaan Korea pertama. Menurut legenda, ia diasaskan oleh Dangun pada tahun 2333 SM.[1]
Bukti kuno arkeologi zaman gangsa Gojoseon ditemui di utara Korea dan Liaoning. Menjelang abad ke-9 hingga ke 4 SM, pelbagai bukti sejarah dan arkeologi memperlihatkan Gojoseon adalah sebuah negara maju dan sebuah kerajaan yang diisytiharkan sendiri.
Kedua-dua Dangun dan Gija dipercayai merupakan tokoh mitos.[2]
Penguasa mitologi terdahulu
suntingDangun Joseon
suntingPotret | Nama | Tempoh pemerintahan | |
---|---|---|---|
Rumi | Hangul/Hanja | ||
Dangun Wanggeom | 단군왕검
檀君王儉 |
kk. 2333 – kk.2240 SM |
Gija Joseon
suntingPotret | Rumi | Hanja/Hangul | Tempoh pemerintahan |
---|---|---|---|
Gija | 기자
箕子 |
kk. 1122 – kk. 1082 SM |
Pada zaman Joseon, para sejarawan mencipta senarai terperinci seluruh dinasti yang kononnya berasal dari Dangun dan Gija. Untuk penguasa fiksyen ini lihat: Senarai raja-raja legenda Korea.
Wiman Joseon
sunting# | Nama | Tempoh pemerintahan | |
---|---|---|---|
Rumi | Hangul/Hanja | ||
1 | Wi Man | 위만 衛滿 | 194–? SM |
2 | Tidak diketahui (Anak lelaki Wi Man) | Tidak diketahui | ?–? |
3 | Raja Ugeo | 우거왕
右渠王 |
?–108 SM |
Buyeo
suntingBuyeo (kk. abad ke-2 SM – 494 M) wujud di Timur Laut China moden. Walaupun rekod sukar didapati dan bercanggah, dispekulasi bahawa pada abad ke-1 SM, Dongbuyeo (Buyeo Timur) bercabang, dan nama asalnya Buyeo yang kadang-kadang disebut sebagai Bukbuyeo (Buyeo Utara). Sisa-sisanya diserap oleh kerajaan jiran dan kerajaan persaudaraan Goguryeo pada tahun 494.
Buyeo Timur Awal
sunting# | Nama Peribadi | Tempoh pemerintahan | |
---|---|---|---|
Rumi | Hangul/Hanja | ||
1 | Hae Buru | 해부루 (解夫婁) | ?–? SM |
2 | Hae Geumwa | 해금와 (解金蛙) | ?–? SM |
3 | Hae Daeso | 해대소 (解臺素) | ? SM – 22 M |
Galsa Buyeo
# | Nama | Tempoh pemerintahan | |
---|---|---|---|
Rumi | Hangul/Hanja | ||
1 | Pengasas Galsa | 갈사왕 (曷思王) | 21 M–? |
? | Hae Dodu | 해도두 (解都頭) | ?–68 M |
Buyeo Utara Akhir
suntingNama | Tempoh pemerintahan | |
---|---|---|
Rumi | Hangul/Hanja | |
Butae | 부태왕 (夫台王) | ?–?, Abad ke-2 |
Wigutae | 위구태왕 (慰仇太王) | ?–?, abad ke-2 |
Ganwigeo | 간위거왕 (簡位居王) | ?–?, abad ke-3 |
Maryeo | 마려왕 (麻余王) | ?–?, abad ke-3 |
Uiryeo | 의려왕 (依慮王) | ?–285 M |
Uira | 의라왕 (依羅王) | 286 M–? |
Hyeon | 현왕 (玄王) | ?–346 M |
Yeoul | 여울왕 (餘蔚王) | ?–384 M |
Jan | 잔 (孱) | ?–494 M |
Konfederasi Mahan
suntingKonfederasi Mahan (abad ke-1 SM hingga abad ke-5 M) adalah kerajaan Korea kuno. Menurut Samguk Yusa, ia ditubuhkan selepas kejatuhan Gojoseon oleh raja terakhir Jun di bahagian tenggara Semenanjung Korea.
Senarai
sunting# | Rumi | Hanja/Hangul | Tempoh pemerintahan |
---|---|---|---|
1 | Raja Jun | 箕準(기준 ) | 220SM-193SM |
2 | Raja Gang | 康王(강왕 ) | 193SM-189SM |
3 | Raja An | 箕龕(기감 ) | 189SM-157SM |
4 | Raja Hye | 箕寔(기식 ) | 157SM-144SM |
5 | Raja Myung | 箕武(기무 ) | 144SM-113SM |
6 | Raja Hyo | 箕亨(기형 ) | 113SM-73SM |
7 | Raja Yang | 箕燮(기섭 ) | 73SM-58SM |
8 | Raja Won | 箕勳(기훈 ) | 58SM-33SM |
9 | Raja Gye | 箕貞(기정 ) | 33SM-17SM |
Goguryeo
suntingGoguryeo (37 SM – 668 AD) adalah salah satu daripada Tiga Kerajaan Korea. Penguasa Goguryeo mungkin telah menggunakan gelaran Taewang (太王, "Raja Agung").
Senarai
sunting# | Potret | Nama peribadi[3][4] | Tempoh pemerintahan | Nama anumerta [5] | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rumi | Hangul/Hanja | Rumi | Hangul/Hanja | |||
1 | Go Jumong Go Chumo Go Sanghae |
고주몽 (高朱蒙) 고추모 (高鄒牟) 고상해 (高象解) |
37–19 SM | Dongmyeong
Dongmyeongseong |
동명왕 (東明王) 동명성왕 (東明聖王) [6] | |
2 | Hae Yuri Hae Yuryu Hae Nuri |
해유리 (解琉璃) 해유류 (解孺留) 해누리 (解類利) |
19 SM – 18 M | Yuri Yurimyeong |
유리왕 (琉璃王) 유리명왕 (琉璃明王) [6] | |
3 | Hae Muhyul | 해무휼 (解無恤) | 18–44 | Daemusin Daehaejuryu |
대무신왕 (大武神王) 대해주류왕 (大解朱留王) | |
4 | Hae Saekju | 해색주 (解色朱) | 44–48 | Minjung | 민중왕 (閔中王) | |
5 | Hae U Hae Aeru Hae Mangnae |
해우 (解憂) 해애루 (解愛婁) 해막래 (解莫來) |
48–53 | Mobon | 모본왕 (慕本王) | |
6 | Go Gung Go Eosu |
고궁 (高宮) 고어수 (高於漱) |
53–146 | Taejo Gukjo |
태조[대]왕 (太祖[大]王) 국조왕 (國祖王) | |
7 | Go Suseong | 고수성 (高遂成) | 146–165 | Chadae | 차대왕 (次大王) | |
8 | Go Baekgo Go Baekgu |
고백고 (高伯固) 고백구 (高伯句) |
165–179 | Sindae | 신대왕 (新大王) | |
9 | Go Nam-mu | 고남무 (高男武) | 179–197 | Gogukcheon Gukyang |
고국천왕 (故國川王) 국양왕 (國襄王) | |
10 | Go Yeon-u Go Iimo |
고연우 (高延優) 고이이모 (高伊夷謨) |
197–227 | Sansang | 산상왕 (山上王) | |
11 | Go Uwigeo Go Wigung Go Gyoche |
고우위거 (高憂位居) 고위궁 (高位宮) 고교체 (高郊彘) |
227–248 | Dongcheon Dongyang |
동천왕 (東川王) 동양왕 (東襄王) | |
12 | Go Yeonbul | 고연불 (高然弗) | 248–270 | Jungcheon Jungyang |
중천왕 (中川王) 중양왕 (中襄王) | |
13 | Go Yangno Go Yagu |
고약로 (高藥盧) 고약우 (高若友) |
270–292 | Seocheon Seoyang |
서천왕 (西川王) 서양왕 (西襄王) | |
14 | Go Sangbu Go Sapsiru |
고상부 (高相夫) 고삽시루 (高歃矢婁) |
292–300 | Bongsang Chigal |
봉상왕 (烽上王) 치갈왕 (雉葛王) | |
15 | Go Eulbul Go Ubul |
고을불 (高乙弗) 고우불 (高憂弗) |
300–331 | Micheon Hoyang |
미천왕 (美川王) 호양왕 (好壤王) | |
16 | Go Sayu Go Yu Go Soe |
고사유 (高斯由) 고유 (高劉) 고쇠 (高釗) |
331–371 | Gogugwon | 고국원왕 (故國原王) | |
17 | Go Gubu | 고구부 (高丘夫) | 371–384 | Sosurim | 소수림왕 (小獸林王) | |
18 | Go Yiryeon Go Eojiji |
고이련 (高伊連) 고어지지 (高於只支) |
384–391 | Gogugyang | 고국양왕 (故國壤王) | |
19 | Go Damdeok | 고담덕 (高談德) | 391–413 | Gwanggaeto Agung | 광개토왕 (廣開土王) | |
20 | Go Georyeon Go Yeon |
고거련 (高巨連) 고연 (高璉) |
413–491 | Jangsu | 장수왕 (長壽王) | |
21 | Go Na-un Go Un |
고나운 (高羅雲) 고운 (高雲) |
491–519 | Munjamyeong | 문자명왕 (文咨明王) | |
22 | Go Heung-an Go An |
고흥안 (高興安) 고안 (高安) |
519–531 | Anjang | 안장왕 (安藏王) | |
23 | Go Boyeon Go Yeon |
고보연 (高寶延) 고연 (高延) |
531–545 | Anwon | 안원왕 (安原王) | |
24 | Go Pyeongseong | 고평성 (高平成) | 545–559 | Yangwon
Yanggang |
양원왕 (陽原王)
양강왕 (陽崗王) | |
25 | Go Yangseong Go Yang Go Tang |
고양성 (高陽成) 고양 (高陽) 고탕 (高湯) |
559–590 | Pyeongwon Pyeonggang |
평원왕 (平原王) 평강왕(平岡王) | |
26 | Go Won | 고원 (高元) | 590–618 | Yeongyang Pyeongyang |
영양왕 (嬰陽王) 평양왕 (平陽王) | |
27 | Go Geonmu Go Mu Go Seong |
고건무 (高建武) 고무 (高武) 고성 (高成) |
618–642 | Yeongnyu | 영류왕 (榮留王) | |
28 | Go Bojang Go Jang |
고보장 (高寶藏) 고장 (高藏) |
642–668 | Tiada | Tiada |
Nota:
[1] Beberapa catatan raja-raja individu Goguryeo sendiri, terutamanya raja ke-19 (Gwanggaeto), menggunakan gelaran "Taewang" atau "Hotaewang", lebih kurang bermaksud Raja Agung atau Raja Paling Hebat. Ada yang berpendapat bahawa gelaran harus diterjemahkan sebagai "Maharaja," bersamaan dengan gelaran Cina 皇帝.
[2] Nama-nama raja umumnya berasal dari lokasi pemakaman raja, dan tidak semestinya sesuai dengan konsep Cina 諡號.
[3] Raja-raja Goguryeo mempunyai nama keluarga Go, kecuali yang kedua (Yuri) hingga kelima (Mobon), yang namanya dirakam sebagai Hae. Semua raja direkodkan berketurunan darah yang patrilineal yang sama. Tidak jelas sama ada kedua-dua nama keluarga adalah transkripsi yang berbeza untuk nama yang sama, atau bukti perebutan kuasa.
[4] Samguk Sagi dan Samguk Yusa, dan kadang-kadang rekod lain menyebut "nama lain", "nama kelahiran," "nama kanak-kanak," atau "nama peribadi."
[5] Nama dan tarikh garis Jolbon adalah dari Samguk Sagi . Wei shu (Sejarah dinasti Wei) memberikan nama-nama berikut: 朱蒙 Jumong, 閭達 Yeodal, 始閭諧 Shiryeohae, 如栗 Yeoyul, dan 莫來 Mangnae. Garis legenda telah dibentuk dengan beberapa varian pada awal abad ke-5 ketika raja Jangsu membina monumen untuk bapanya dan Goguryeo membuat hubungan dengan Wei Utara. Prasasti monumen itu memberikan nama-nama ini: 鄒牟 Chumo, 儒留 Yuryu, dan 大朱留 Daejuryu. Hubungan antara nama-nama itu tidak jelas.
Sumber: Akademi Pengajian Korea,[7] Korea Britannica Corp.[8] and the Doosan Encyclopedia.[9]
Salasilah
suntingBaekje
suntingBaekje (18 SM – 660 M) adalah salah satu daripada Tiga Kerajaan Korea. Nama kuil adalah sama dengan nama peribadi, melainkan dinyatakan sebaliknya.
Senarai
sunting# | Potret | Nama peribadi | Tempoh pemerintahan | Nama anumerta | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rumi | Hangul/Hanja | Rumi | Hangul/Hanja | |||
1 | Buyeo Onjo | 부여온조 (扶餘溫祚) | 18 SM – 28 M | Onjo | 온조왕 (溫祚王) | |
2 | Buyeo Daru | 부여다루 (扶餘多婁) | 28–77 | Daru | 다루왕 (多婁王) | |
3 | Buyeo Giru | 부여기루 (扶餘己婁) | 77–128 | Giru | 기루왕 (己婁王) | |
4 | Buyeo Gaeru | 부여개루 (扶餘蓋婁) | 128–166 | Gaeru | 개루왕 (蓋婁王) | |
5 | Buyeo Chogo Buyeo Sogo Buyeo Sokgo |
부여초고 (扶餘肖古) 부여소고 (扶餘素古) 부여속고 (扶餘速古) |
166–214 | Chogo Sogo Sokgo |
초고왕 (肖古王) 소고왕 (素古王) 속고왕 (速古王) | |
6 | Buyeo Gusu Buyeo Guisu |
부여구수 (扶餘仇首) 부여귀수 (扶餘貴須) |
214–234 | Gusu Guisu |
구수왕 (仇首王) 귀수왕 (貴須王) | |
7 | Buyeo Saban Buyeo Sabi Buyeo Sai |
부여사반 (扶餘沙泮) 부여사비 (扶餘沙沸) 부여사이 (扶餘沙伊) |
234 | Saban Sabi Sai |
사반왕 (沙泮王) 사비왕 (沙沸王) 사이왕 (沙伊王) | |
8 | Buyeo Goi Buyeo Gui Buyeo Gomo |
부여고이 (扶餘古爾) 부여구이 (扶餘久爾) 부여고모 (扶餘古慕) |
234–286 | Goi Gui Gomo |
고이왕 (古爾王) 구이왕 (久爾王) 고모왕 (古慕王) | |
9 | Buyeo Chaekgye Buyeo Cheonggye |
부여책계 (扶餘責稽) 부여청계 (扶餘靑稽) |
286–298 | Chaekgye Cheonggye |
책계왕 (責稽王) 청계왕 (靑稽王) | |
10 | Buyeo Bunseo | 부여분서 (扶餘汾西) | 298–304 | Bunseo | 분서왕 (汾西王) | |
11 | Buyeo Biryu | 부여비류 (扶餘比流) | 304–344 | Biryu | 비류왕 (比流王) | |
12 | Buyeo Gye | 부여계 (扶餘契) | 344–346 | Gye | 계왕 (契王) | |
13 | Buyeo Gu | 부여구 (扶餘句) | 346–375 | Geunchogo Chogo Sokgo Jogo |
근초고왕 (近肖古王) 초고왕 (肖古王) 속고왕 (速古王) 조고왕 (照古王) | |
14 | Buyeo Su | 부여수 (扶餘須) | 375–384 | Geun-gusu Geun-guisu Guisu Guiryu Guso |
근구수왕 (近仇首王) 근귀수왕 (近貴首王) 귀수왕 (貴首王) 귀류왕 (貴流王) 구소왕 (久素王) | |
15 | Buyeo Chimnyu | 부여침류 (扶餘枕流) | 384–385 | Chimnyu | 침류왕 (枕流王) | |
16 | Buyeo Jinsa Buyeo Hwi |
부여진사 (扶餘辰斯) 부여휘 (扶餘暉) |
385–392 | Jinsa | 진사왕 (辰斯王) | |
17 | Buyeo Asin Buyeo Abang Buyeo Ahwa Buyeo Ami |
부여아신 (扶餘阿莘) 부여아방 (扶餘阿芳) 부여아화 (扶餘阿花) 부여아미 (扶餘阿美) |
392–405 | Asin Abang Ahwa Ami |
아신왕 (阿莘王) 아방왕 (阿芳王) 아화왕 (阿花王) 아미왕 (阿美王) | |
18 | Buyeo Yeong Buyeo Jeon |
부여영 (扶餘映) 부여전 (扶餘腆) |
405–420 | Jeonji Jikji Jinji |
전지왕 (腆支王) 직지왕 (直支王) 진지왕 (眞支王) | |
19 | Tidak diketahui | Tidak diketahui | 420–427 | Gu-isin | 구이신왕 (久爾辛王) | |
20 | Buyeo Biyu Buyeo Bi |
부여비유 (扶餘毗有) 부여비 (扶餘毗) |
427–455 | Biyu Piryu |
비유왕 (毗有王) 피류왕 (避流王) | |
21 | Buyeo Gyeong Buyeo Gyeongsa |
부여경 (扶餘慶) 부여경사 (扶餘慶司) |
455–475 | Gaero Geun-gaeru |
개로왕 (蓋鹵王) 근개루왕 (近蓋婁王) | |
22 | Buyeo Do Buyeo Modo |
부여도 (扶餘都) 부여모도 (扶餘牟都) |
475–477 | Munju | 문주왕 (文周王) | |
23 | Buyeo Samgeun Buyeo Samgeol Buyeo Imgeol |
부여삼근 (扶餘三斤) 부여삼걸 (扶餘三乞) 부여임걸 (扶餘壬乞) |
477–479 | Samgeun Mun-geun |
삼근왕 (三斤王) 문근왕 (文斤王) | |
24 | Buyeo Modae Buyeo Dae Buyeo Mamo Buyeo Malda |
부여모대 (扶餘牟大) 부여대 (扶餘大) 부여마모 (扶餘摩牟) 부여말다 (扶餘末多) |
479–501 | Dongseong Malda |
동성왕 (東城王) 말다왕 (末多王) | |
25 | Buyeo Sama Buyeo Yung |
부여사마 (扶餘斯摩) 부여융 (扶餘隆) |
501–523 | Muryeong
Sama |
무령왕 (武寧王) 사마왕 (斯摩王) | |
26 | Buyeo Myeongnong Buyeo Myeong |
부여명농 (扶餘明禯) 부여명 (扶餘明) |
523–554 | Seong Myeong Seongmyeong |
성왕 (聖王) 명왕 (明王) 성명왕 (聖明王) | |
27 | Buyeo Chang | 부여창 (扶餘昌) | 554–598 | Wideok Chang |
위덕왕 (威德王) 창왕 (昌王) | |
28 | Buyeo Gye | 부여계 (扶餘季) | 598–599 | Hye Heon |
혜왕 (惠王) 헌왕 (獻王) | |
29 | Buyeo Seon Buyeo Hyosun |
부여선 (扶餘宣) 부여효순 (扶餘孝順) |
599–600 | Beop | 법왕 (法王) | |
30 | Buyeo Jang Buyeo Seodong |
부여장 (扶餘璋) 부여서동 (扶餘薯童) |
600–641 | Mu Mugang Mugwang |
무왕 (武王) 무강왕 (武康王) 무광왕 (武廣王) | |
31 | Buyeo Uija | 부여의자 (扶餘義慈) | 641–660 | Tiada | Tiada | |
(32) | Buyeo Pung Buyeo Pungjang |
부여풍 (扶餘豊) 부여풍장 (扶餘豊璋) |
660–663 | Tiada | Tiada |
Salasilah
suntingSilla
suntingSilla (57 SM – 935 M) adalah salah satu daripada Tiga Kerajaan Korea. Pada tahun-tahun awal, Silla diperintah oleh keluarga Pak, Seok, dan Kim. Raja-raja Silla mempunyai pelbagai gelaran, termasuk Isageum, Maripgan, dan Daewang. Seperti beberapa orang raja Baekje, ada yang mengisytiharkan dirinya sebagai maharaja.
- Hyeokgeose Geoseogan 혁거세 거서간 赫居世居西干 (57 SM – 4 M)
- Namhae Chachaung 남해 차차웅 南解次次雄 (4–24)
- Yuri Isageum 유리이사금 儒理尼師今 (24–57) (Raja Yuri hingga ke Heurhae menanggung gelaran Korea Isageum, perkataan lama untuk "penguasa")
- Talhae Isageum 탈해이사금 脫解尼師今 (57–80)
- Pasa Isageum 파사이사금 婆娑尼師今 (80–112)
- Jima Isageum 지마이사금 祇摩尼師今 (112–134)
- Ilseong Isageum 일성이사금 逸聖尼師今 (134–154)
- Adalla Isageum 아달라이사금 阿達羅尼師今 (154–184)
- Beolhyu Isageum 벌휴이사금 伐休尼師今 (184–196)
- Naehae Isageum 내해이사금 奈解尼師今 (196–230)
- Jobun Isageum 조분이사금 助賁尼師今 (230–247)
- Cheomhae Isageum 첨해이사금 沾解尼師今 (247–261)
- Michu Isageum 미추이사금 味鄒尼師今 (262–284)
- Yurye Isageum 유례이사금 儒禮尼師今 (284–298)
- Girim Isageum 기림이사금 基臨尼師今 (298–310)
- Heulhae Isageum 흘해이사금 訖解尼師今 (310–356)
- Naemul Maripgan 내물마립간 奈勿麻立干 (356–402) (Raja Naemul hingga ke Soji menanggung gelaran Korea Maripgan, perkataan lama untuk "penguasa")
- Silseong Maripgan 실성마립간 實聖麻立干 (402–417)
- Nulji Maripgan 눌지마립간 訥祇麻立干 (417–458)
- Jabi Maripgan 자비마립간 慈悲麻立干 (458–479)
- Soji Maripgan 소지마립간 炤知麻立干 (479–500)
- Raja Jijeung 지증왕 智證王 (500–514) (Raja Jijeung hingga ke Gyeongsun menanggung gelaran Wang (perkataan Korea moden untuk "raja"), dengan pengecualian yang dinyatakan di bawah)
- Raja Beopheung 법흥왕 法興王 (514–540)
- Raja Jinheung 진흥왕 眞興王 (540–576)
- Raja Jinji 진지왕 眞智王 (576–579)
- Raja Jinpyeong 진평왕 眞平王 (579–632)
- Ratu Seondeok 선덕여왕 善德王 (632–647)
- Ratu Jindeok 진덕여왕 眞德王 (647–654)
- Raja Taejong Muyeol 태종무열왕 太宗武烈王 (654–661)
Silla Bersatu
sunting- Raja Munmu 문무왕 文武王 (661–681)
- Raja Sinmun 신문왕 神文王 (681–692)
- Raja Hyoso 효소왕 孝昭王 (692–702)
- Raja Seongdeok 성덕왕 聖德王 (702–737)
- Raja Hyoseong 효성왕 孝成王 (737–742)
- Raja Gyeongdeok 경덕왕 景德王 (742–765)
- Raja Hyegong 혜공왕 惠恭王 (765–780)
- Raja Seondeok 선덕왕 宣德王 (780–785)
- Raja Wonseong 원성왕 元聖王 (785–798)
- Raja Soseong 소성왕 昭聖王 (798–800)
- Raja Aejang 애장왕 哀莊王 (800–809)
- Raja Heondeok 헌덕왕 憲德王 (809–826)
- Raja Heungdeok 흥덕왕 興德王 (826–836)
- Raja Huigang 희강왕 僖康王 (836–838)
- Raja Minae 민애왕 閔哀王 (838–839)
- Raja Sinmu 신무왕 神武王 (839)
- Raja Munseong 문성왕 文聖王 (839–857)
- Raja Heonan 헌안왕 憲安王 (857–861)
- Raja Gyeongmun 경문왕 景文王 (861–875)
- Raja Heongang 헌강왕 憲康王 (875–886)
- Raja Jeonggang 정강왕 定康王 (886–887)
- Ratu Jinseong 진성여왕 眞聖王 (887–897)
- Raja Hyogong 효공왕 孝恭王 (897–912)
- Raja Sindeok 신덕왕 神德王 (912–917)
- Raja Gyeongmyeong 경명왕 景明王 (917–924)
- Raja Gyeongae 경애왕 景哀王 (924–927)
- Raja Gyeongsun 경순왕 敬順王 (927–935)
Konfederasi Gaya
suntingKonfederasi Gaya (42–562) terdiri daripada beberapa negeri kecil. Semua penguasa Gaya memegang gelaran Wang ("Raja").
Geumgwan Gaya
suntingGeumgwan Gaya (42–532) adalah salah satu daripada Konfederasi Gaya.
# | Nama | Tempoh pemerintahan[10] | |
---|---|---|---|
Rumi | Hangul/Hanja | ||
1 | Suro | 수로왕 (首露王) | 42–199 |
2 | Geodeung | 거등왕 (居登王) | 199–259 |
3 | Mapum | 마품왕 (麻品王) | 259–291 |
4 | Geojilmi | 거질미왕 (居叱彌王) | 291–346 |
5 | Isipum | 이시품왕 (伊尸品王) | 346–407 |
6 | Jwaji | 좌지왕 (坐知王) | 407–421 |
7 | Chwihui | 취희왕 (吹希王) | 421–451 |
8 | Jilji | 질지왕 (銍知王) | 451–492 |
9 | Gyeomji | 겸지왕 (鉗知王) | 492–521 |
10 | Guhyeong | 구형왕 (仇衡王) | 521–532 |
Daegaya
suntingDaegaya (42–562) adalah salah satu daripada Konfederasi Gaya.
# | Nama | Tempoh pemerintahan | |
---|---|---|---|
Rumi | Hangul/Hanja | ||
1 | Ijinasi | 이진아시왕 (伊珍阿豉王) | 42 M–? |
3 atau 4 | Geumnim | 금림왕 (錦林王) | ?–? |
Tidak diketahui | Haji | 하지왕 (荷知王) | ?–? |
6 atau 7 | Gasil | 가실왕 (嘉悉王 or 嘉實王) | ?–? |
9 | Inoe | 이뇌왕 (異腦王) | ?–? |
10 atau 16 | Wolgwang atau Doseolji |
월광태자 (月光太子) atau 도설지왕 (道設智王) | ?–562 |
Tamna
suntingTamna (2337 SM–938) adalah kerajaan Korea kuno di Pulau Jeju.
# | Nama | Tempoh pemerintahan | |
---|---|---|---|
Rumi | Hangul/Hanja | ||
1 | Go Eulla | 고을라왕 (高乙那王) | 2337 SM–2206 SM |
2 | Geon | 건왕 (建王) | 2206 SM–1767 SM |
3 | Samgye | 삼계왕 (三繼王) | 1767 SM–1123 SM |
4 | Ilmang | 일망왕 (日望王) | 1123 SM–935 SM |
5 | Doje | 도제왕 (島濟王) | 935 SM–771 SM |
6 | Eon-gyeong | 언경왕 (彦卿王) | 771 SM–619 SM |
7 | Bomyeong | 보명왕 (寶明王) | 610 SM–520 SM |
8 | Haengcheon | 행천왕 (幸天王) | 520 SM–426 SM |
9 | Hwan | 환왕 (歡王) | 426 SM–315 SM |
10 | Sik | 식왕 (湜王) | 315 SM–247 SM |
11 | Uk | 욱왕 (煜王) | 247 SM–207 SM |
12 | Hwang | 황왕 (惶王) | 207 SM–157 SM |
13 | Wi | 위왕 (偉王) | 157 SM–105 SM |
14 | Yeong | 영왕 (榮王) | 105 SM–58 SM |
15 | Hu | 후왕 (厚王) | 58 SM–7 SM |
16 | Dumyeong | 두명왕 (斗明王) | 7 SM–43 |
17 | Seonju | 선주왕 (善主王) | 43–93 |
18 | Jinam | 지남왕 (知南王) | 93–144 |
19 | Seongbang | 성방왕 (聖邦王) | 144–195 |
20 | Munseong | 문성왕 (文星王) | 195–243 |
21 | Ik | 익왕 (翼王) | 243–293 |
22 | Jihyo | 지효왕 (之孝王) | 293–343 |
23 | Suk | 숙왕 (淑王) | 343–393 |
24 | Hyeonbang | 현방왕 (賢方王) | 393–423 |
25 | Gi | 기왕 (璣王) | 423–453 |
26 | Dam | 담왕 (聃王) | 453–483 |
27 | Jiun | 지운왕 (指雲王) | 483–508 |
28 | Seo | 서왕 (瑞王) | 508–533 |
29 | Damyeong | 다명왕 (多鳴王) | 533–558 |
30 | Dam | 담왕 (談王) | 558–583 |
31 | Cheseam | 체삼왕 (體參王) | 583–608 |
32 | Seongjin | 성진왕 (聲振王) | 608–633 |
33 | Hong | 홍왕 (鴻王) | 633–658 |
34 | Cheoryang | 처량왕 (處良王) | 658–683 |
35 | Won | 원왕 (遠王) | 683–708 |
36 | Pyoryun | 표륜왕 (表倫王) | 708–733 |
37 | Hyeong | 형왕 (逈王) | 733–758 |
38 | Chido | 치도왕 (致道王) | 758–783 |
39 | Uk | 욱왕 (勖王) | 783–808 |
40 | Cheonwon | 천원왕 (天元王) | 808–833 |
41 | Hogong | 호공왕 (好恭王) | 833–858 |
42 | So | 소왕 (昭王) | 858–883 |
43 | Gyeongjik | 경직왕 (敬直王) | 883–908 |
44 | Min | 민왕 (岷王) | 908–933 |
45 | Jagyeon | 자견왕 (自堅王) | 933–938 |
Balhae
suntingBalhae (698–926) adalah kerajaan Korea kuno yang ditubuhkan selepas kejatuhan Goguryeo. Balhae menduduki bahagian selatan Timur Laut China, Krai Primorsky, dan bahagian utara semenanjung Korea.
Senarai
sunting# | Nama peribadi | Tempoh pemerintahan | Nama anumerta (諡號) | Era name (年號) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rumi | Hangul/Hanja | Rumi | Hangul/Hanja | Rumi | Hangul/Hanja | ||
1 | Dae Jo-yeong | 대조영 (大祚榮) | 698–719 | Go | 고왕 (高王) | Tiada | Tiada |
2 | Dae Mu-ye | 대무예 (大武藝) | 719–737 | Mu | 무왕 (武王) | Inan | 인안 (仁安) |
3 | Dae Heum-mu | 대흠무 (大欽茂) | 737–793 | Mun | 문왕 (文王) | Daeheung Boryeok |
대흥 (大興) 보력 (寶曆) |
4 | Dae Won-ui | 대원의 (大元義) | 793 | Tiada | Tiada | Tiada | Tiada |
5 | Dae Hwa-yeo | 대화여 (大華璵) | 793-794 | Seong | 성왕 (成王) | Jungheung | 중흥 (中興) |
6 | Dae Sung-rin | 대숭린 (大嵩璘) | 794–809 | Gang | 강왕 (康王) | Jeongryeok | 정력 (正曆) |
7 | Dae Won-yu | 대원유 (大元瑜) | 809–812 | Jeong | 정왕 (定王) | Yeongdeok | 영덕 (永德) |
8 | Dae Eon-ui | 대언의 (大言義) | 812–817? | Hui | 희왕 (僖王) | Jujak | 주작 (朱雀) |
9 | Dae Myeong-chung | 대명충 (大明忠) | 817?–818? | Gan | 간왕 (簡王) | Taesi | 태시 (太始) |
10 | Dae In-su | 대인수 (大仁秀) | 818?–830 | Seon | 선왕 (宣王) | Geonheung | 건흥 (建興) |
11 | Dae Ijin | 대이진 (大彝震) | 830–857 | Tidak diketahui | Tidak diketahui | Hamhwa | 함화 (咸和) |
12 | Dae Geonhwang | 대건황 (大虔晃) | 857–871 | Tidak diketahui | Tidak diketahui | Tidak diketahui | Tidak diketahui |
13 | Dae Hyeonseok | 대현석 (大玄錫) | 871–895 | Tidak diketahui | Tidak diketahui | Tidak diketahui | Tidak diketahui |
14 | Dae Wihae | 대위해 (大瑋瑎) | 895–906 | Tiada | Tiada | Tidak diketahui | Tidak diketahui |
15 | Dae Inseon | 대인선 (大諲譔) | 906–926 | Tiada | Tiada | Tidak diketahui | Tidak diketahui |
Salasilah
suntingBaekje Akhir
suntingHubaekje (900–936) diasaskan oleh Gyeon Hwon, yang merupakan seorang jeneral semasa tempoh kejatuhan Silla. Maka, bermulalah tempoh Tiga Kerajaan Akhir. Hubaekje menemui kejatuhannya di tangan Gyeon Hwon sendiri, yang kemudian memimpin tentera Goryeo bersama Taejo dari Goryeo untuk menangkap Singeom, putera Hubaekje, yang telah mengkhianati Gyeon Hwon.
# | Nama peribadi | Tempoh pemerintahan | |
---|---|---|---|
Rumi | Hangul/Hanja | ||
1 | Gyeon Hwon | 견훤 (甄萱) | 900–935 |
2 | Gyeon Singeom | 견신검 (甄神劍) | 935–936 |
Goguryeo Akhir
suntingLater Goguryeo (901–918), juga dikenali sebagai Ma-jin atau Taebong, ditubuhkan oleh Gung-ye, seorang putera dari Silla. Gung-Ye menyertai pemberontakan Jeneral Yang-Gil, dan naik pangkat. Dia akhirnya membunuh Yang-Gil dan mendirikan kerajaan baru, menamakannya Goguryeo Akhir. Gung-Ye ternyata menjadi penzalim, dan digulingkan oleh para jeneralnya, membuka jalan bagi Jeneral Wang Geon, yang mendirikan Goryeo.
# | Nama peribadi | Tempoh pemerintahan | Nama era (年號) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rumi | Hangul/Hanja | Rumi | Hangul/Hanja | ||
1 | Gung-ye | 궁예 (弓裔) | 901–918 | Mutae Seongchaek Sudeok-Manse Jeong-gae |
무태 (武泰) 성책 (聖冊) 수덕만세 (水德萬歲) 정개 (政開) |
Dinasti Goryeo
suntingGoryeo (918–1392) diperintah oleh Dinasti Wang. Penguasa pertama memiliki nama kuil Taejo, yang bererti "leluhur yang hebat", dan diterapkan kepada raja-raja pertama Goryeo dan Joseon, memandangkan mereka juga adalah pengasas Dinasti Wang dan Yi. Bermula dengan Gwangjong, penguasa Goryeo menggelar diri mereka sebagai maharaja, dengan tiga pemimpin pertama ditinggikan ke gelaran itu selepas kemangkatan mereka. Namun, dengan penaklukan Mongol, gelaran penguasa diturunkan kepada raja, atau "Wang."
Dua puluh tiga orang raja yang akan datang (sehingga Wonjong) juga dirujuk oleh nama kuil mereka, yang berakhir dengan jong. Bermula dengan Chungnyeol (raja kedua puluh lima), semua raja-raja Goryeo mempunyai gelaran Wang ("Raja ") sebagai sebahagian daripada nama kuil mereka.
# | Potret | Nama peribadi | Tempoh pemerintahan | Nama hormat (C)/
Nama Mongol (M) / Nama samaran (Ps) |
Nama kuil (廟號) (T)/ Nama anumerta (諡號) (P)/ Nama anumerta yang diberikan oleh Mongol (MP) |
Nama era (年號) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rumi | Hangul/Hanja | Rumi | Hangul/Hanja | Rumi | Hangul/Hanja | Rumi | Hangul/Hanja | |||
1 | Wang Geon | 왕건 (王建) | 918–943 | Yakcheon (C) | 약천 (若天, C) | Taejo (T) Sinseong (P) |
태조 (太祖, T) 신성 (神聖, P) |
Cheonsu | 천수 (天授) | |
2 | Wang Mu | 왕무 (王武) | 943–945 | Sunggeon (C) | 승건 (承乾, C) | HyejongUigong (P) | 혜종 (惠宗, T) 의공 (義恭, P) |
|||
3 | Wang Yo | 왕요 (王堯) | 945–949 | Uicheon (C) | 의천 (義天, C) | Jeongjong (T) Munmyeong (P) |
정종 (定宗, T) 문명 (文明, P) |
|||
4 | Wang So | 왕소 (王昭) | 949–975 | Ilhwa (C) | 일화 (日華, C) | Gwangjong (T) Daesung (P) |
광종 (光宗, T) 대성 (大成, P) |
Gwangdeok Junpung |
광덕 (光德) 준풍 (峻豊) | |
5 | Wang Ju | 왕주 (王伷) | 975–981 | Jangmin (C) | 장민 (長民, C) | Gyeongjong (T) Heonhwa (P) |
경종 (景宗, T) 헌화 (獻和, P) |
|||
6 | Wang Chi | 왕치 (王治) | 981–997 | On-go (C) | 온고 (溫古, C) | Seongjong (T) Munui (P) |
성종 (成宗, T) 문의 (文懿, P) |
|||
7 | Wang Song | 왕송 (王訟) | 997–1009 | Hyosin (C) | 효신 (孝伸, C) | Mokjong (T) Seonyang (P) |
목종 (穆宗, T) 선양 (宣讓, P) |
|||
8 | Wang Sun | 왕순 (王詢) | 1009–1031 | Anse (C) | 안세 (安世, C) | Hyeonjong (T) Wonmun (P) |
현종 (顯宗, T) 원문 (元文, P) |
|||
9 | Wang Heum | 왕흠 (王欽) | 1031–1034 | Wonryang (C) | 원량 (元良, C) | Deokjong (T) Gyeonggang (P) |
덕종 (德宗, T) 경강 (敬康, P) |
|||
10 | Wang Hyeong | 왕형 (王亨) | 1034–1046 | Sinjo (C) | 신조 (申照, C) | Jeongjong (T) Yonghye (P) |
정종 (靖宗, T) 용혜 (容惠, P) |
|||
11 | Wang Hwi | 왕휘 (王徽) | 1046–1083 | Chok-yu (C) | 촉유 (燭幽, C) | Munjong (T) Inhyo (P) |
문종 (文宗, T) 인효 (仁孝, P) |
|||
12 | Wang Hun | 왕훈 (王勳) | 1083 | Uigong (C) | 의공 (義恭, C) | Sunjong (T) Seonhye (P) |
순종 (順宗, T) 선혜 (宣惠, P) |
|||
13 | Wang Un | 왕운 (王運) | 1083–1094 | Gyecheon (C) | 계천 (繼天, C) | Seonjong (T) Sahyo (P) |
선종 (宣宗, T) 사효 (思孝, P) |
|||
14 | Wang Uk | 왕욱 (王昱) | 1094–1095 | Tiada | Tiada | Heonjong (T) Hoehyo (P) |
헌종 (獻宗, T) 사효 (懷孝, P) |
|||
15 | Wang Ong | 왕옹 (王顒) | 1095–1105 | Cheonsang (C) | 천상 (天常, C) | Sukjong (T) Myeonghyo (P) |
숙종 (肅宗, T) 명효 (明孝, P) |
|||
16 | Wang U | 왕우 (王俁) | 1105–1122 | Semin (C) | 세민 (世民, C) | Yejong (T) Munhyo (P) |
예종 (睿宗, T) 문효 (文孝, P) |
|||
17 | Wang Hae | 왕해 (王楷) | 1122–1146 | Inpyo (C) | 인표 (仁表, C) | Injong (T) Gonghyo (P) |
인종 (仁宗, T) 공효 (恭孝, P) |
|||
18 | Wang Hyeon | 왕현 (王晛) | 1146–1170 | Ilsung (C) | 일승 (日升, C) | Uijong (T) Janghyo (P) |
의종 (毅宗, T) 장효 (莊孝, P) |
|||
19 | Wang Ho | 왕호 (王晧) | 1170–1197 | Jidan (C) | 지단 (之旦, C) | Myeongjong (T) Gwanghyo (P) |
명종 (明宗, T) 광효 (光孝, P) |
|||
20 | Wang Tak | 왕탁 (王晫) | 1197–1204 | Jihwa (C) | 지화 (至華, C) | Sinjong (T) Jeonghyo (P) |
신종 (神宗, T) 정효 (靖孝, P) |
|||
21 | Wang Yeong | 왕영 (王韺) | 1204–1211 | Bulpi (C) | 불피 (不陂, C) | Huijong (T) Seonghyo (P) |
희종 (熙宗, T) 성효 (成孝, P) |
|||
22 | Wang O | 왕오 (王祦) | 1211–1213 | Daehwa (C) | 대화 (大華, C) | Gangjong (T) Wonhyo (P) |
강종 (康宗, T) 원효 (元孝, P) |
|||
23 | Wang Cheol | 왕철 (王皞) | 1213–1259 | Cheon-u (C) | 천우 (天祐, C) | Gojong (T) Anhyo (P) Chungheon (MP) |
고종 (高宗, T) 안효 (安孝, P) 충헌 (忠憲, MP) |
|||
24 | Wang Sik | 왕식 (王禃) | 1259–1274 | Ilsin (C) | 일신 (日新, C) | Wonjong (T) Sunhyo (P) Chunggyeong (MP) |
원종 (元宗, T) 순효 (順孝, P) 충경 (忠敬, MP) |
|||
25 | Wang Geo | 왕거 (王昛) | 1274–1298
1298-1308 |
Tiada | Tiada | Chungnyeol (MP) Gyeonghyo (P) |
충렬 (忠烈, MP) 경효 (景孝, P) |
|||
26 | Wang Jang | 왕장 (王璋) | 1298 1308–1313 |
Jungang (C) Iǰirbuka (M) |
중앙 (仲昻, C) 이지르부카 (益知禮普花, M) |
Chungseon (MP) Heonhyo (P) |
충선 (忠宣, MP) 헌효 (憲孝, P) |
|||
27 | Wang Do | 왕도 (王燾) | 1313–1330 1332–1339 |
Uihyo (C) Aratnašri (M) |
의효 (宜孝, C) 아라트나시리 (阿剌忒訥失里, M) |
Chungsuk (MP) Uihyo (P) |
충숙 (忠肅, MP) 의효 (懿孝, P) |
|||
28 | Wang Jeong | 왕정 (王禎) | 1330–1332
1339–1344 |
Buddhašri (M) | 보탑실리 (普塔失里, M) | Chunghye (MP) Heonhyo (P) |
충혜 (忠惠, MP) 헌효 (獻孝, P) |
|||
29 | Wang Heun | 왕흔 (王昕) | 1344–1348 | Padma dorji (M) | 바스마도르지 (八思麻朶兒只, M) | Chungmok (MP) Hyeonghyo (P) |
충목 (忠穆, MP) 현효 (顯孝, P) |
|||
30 | Wang Jeo | 왕저 (王㫝) | 1348–1351 | Misgen dorji (M) | 미스젠도르지 (迷思監朶兒只, M) | Chungjeong (MP) | 충정 (忠定, MP) | |||
31 | Wang Jeon | 왕전 (王顓) | 1351–1374 | Bayan Temür (M) Ijae / Ikdang (Ps) |
바얀 테무르 (伯顔帖木兒, M) 이재 / 익당 (Ps) |
Gongmin (P) Gyeonghyo (P) |
공민 (恭愍, P) 경효 (敬孝, P) |
|||
32 | Wang U | 왕우 (王禑) | 1374–1388 | Tiada | Tiada | U | Tiada | |||
33 | Wang Chang | 왕창 (王昌) | 1388–1389 | Tiada | Tiada | Chang | Tiada | |||
34 | Wang Yo | 왕요 (王瑤) | 1389–1392 | Tiada | Tiada | Gongyang | 공양 (恭讓, P) |
Dinasti Joseon
suntingJoseon (1392–1910) mengikuti Goryeo. Pada tahun 1897, ketika Joseon menjadi Empayar Korea, beberapa raja Joseon telah diangkat sebagai pangkat maharaja.
Raja-raja Joseon mempunyai nama kuil yang berakhir dengan jo atau jong. Jo diberikan kepada raja/maharaja untuk garis salasilah baru dalam sesebuah dinasti itu, dengan raja/maharaja pertama mempunyai nama khusus (Taejo), yang bererti "leluhur yang hebat" (lihat juga Goryeo). Jong diberikan kepada semua raja/maharaja lain.
Dua orang raja, Yeonsangun dan Gwanghaegun, tidak diberi nama kuil setelah pemerintahan mereka berakhir.
Setiap raja mempunyai nama anumerta yang termasuk sama ada gelaran Wang ("Raja"), Hwangje ("Maharaja"), Daewang ("Raja X Agung"), atau Daeje ("Maharaja X Agung"). Demi keseragaman, gelaran "Raja/Maharaja" telah ditambah kepada nama kuil setiap raja dalam senarai di bawah.
# | Potret | Nama peribadi | Tempoh pemerintahan | Nama hormat (C) / Nama samaran (Ps) |
Nama kuil (廟號) (T) / Nama anumerta (諡號) (P) |
Nama era (年號) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rumi | Hangul/Hanja | Rumi | Hangul/Hanja | Rumi | Hangul/Hanja | Rumi | Hangul/Hanja | |||
1 | Yi Seong-gye Yi Dan |
이성계 (李成桂) 이단 (李旦) |
1392–1398 | Gunjin (C) Songheon (Ps) |
군진 (君晋, C) 송헌 (松軒, Ps) |
Taejo (T) Maharaja Go (P) |
태조 (太祖, T) 고황제 (高皇帝, P) |
|||
2 | Yi Bang-gwa Yi Gyeong |
이방과 (李芳果) 이경 (李曔) |
1398–1400 | Gwangwon (C) | 광원 (光遠, C) | Jeongjong (T) Gongjeong (P) |
정종 (定宗, T) 공정 (恭靖, P) |
|||
3 | Yi Bang-won | 이방원 (李芳遠) | 1400–1418 | Yudeok (C) | 유덕 (遺德, C) | Taejong (T) Gongjeong (P) |
태종 (太宗, T) 공정 (恭定, P) |
|||
4 | Yi Do | 이도 (李祹) | 1418–1450 | Wonjeong (C) | 원정 (元正, C) | Sejong (T) Jangheon (P) |
세종 (世宗, T) 장헌 (莊憲, P) |
|||
5 | Yi Hyang | 이향 (李珦) | 1450–1452 | Hwiji (C) | 휘지 (輝之, C) | Munjong (T) Gongsun (P) |
문종 (文宗, T) 공순 (恭順, P) |
|||
6 | Yi Hong-wi | 이홍위 (李弘暐) | 1452–1455 | Tiada | Tiada | Danjong (T) Gongui (P) |
단종 (端宗, T) 공의 (恭懿, P) |
|||
7 | Yi Yu | 이유 (李瑈) | 1455–1468 | Suji (C) | 수지 (粹之, C) | Sejo (T) Hyejang (P) |
세조 (世祖, T) 혜장 (惠莊, P) |
|||
8 | Yi Hwang | 이황 (李晄) | 1468–1469 | Myeingjo (C) Pyeongnam (C) |
명조 (明照, C) 평남 (平南, C) |
Yejong (T) Yangdo (P) |
예종 (睿宗, T) 양도 (襄悼, P) |
|||
9 | Yi Hyeol | 이혈 (李娎) | 1469–1494 | Tiada | Tiada | Seongjong (T) Gangjeong (P) |
성종 (成宗, T) 강정 (康靖, P) |
|||
10 | Yi Yung | 이융 (李㦕) | 1494–1506 | Tiada | Tiada | Yeonsangun | 연산군 (燕山君) | |||
11 | Yi Yeok | 이역 (李懌) | 1506–1544 | Nakcheon (C) | 낙천 (樂天, C) | Jungjong (T) Gonghui (P) |
중종 (中宗, T) 공희 (恭僖, P) |
|||
12 | Yi Ho | 이호 (李峼) | 1544–1545 | Cheonyun (C) | 천윤 (天胤, C) | Injong (T) Yeongjeong (P) |
인종 (仁宗, T) 영정 (榮靖, P) |
|||
13 | Yi Hwan | 이환 (李峘) | 1545–1567 | Daeyang (C) | 대양 (對陽, C) | Myeongjong (T) Gongheon (P) |
명종 (明宗, T) 공헌 (恭憲, P) |
|||
14 | Yi Yeon | 이연 (李昖) | 1567–1608 | Tiada | Tiada | Seonjo (T) Sogyeong (P) |
선조 (宣祖, T) 소경 (昭敬, P) |
|||
15 | Yi Hon | 이혼 (李琿) | 1608–1623 | Tiada | Tiada | Gwanghaegun | 광해군 (光海君) | |||
16 | Yi Jong | 이종 (李倧) | 1623–1649 | Cheonyun (C) Hwabaek (C) Songchang (Ps) |
천윤 (天胤, C) 화백 (和伯, C) 송창 (松窓, Ps) |
Injo (T) | 인조 (仁祖, T) | |||
17 | Yi Ho | 이호 (李淏) | 1649–1659 | Jeongyeon (C) Juk-o (Ps) |
정연 (靜淵, C) 죽오(竹梧, Ps) |
Hyojong (T) | 효종 (孝宗, T) | |||
18 | Yi Yeon | 이연 (李棩) | 1659–1674 | Gyeongjik (C) | 경직 (景直, C) | Hyeonjong (T) | 현종 (顯宗, T) | |||
19 | Yi Sun | 이순 (李焞) | 1674–1720 | Myeongbo (C) | 명보 (明譜, C) | Sukjong (T) | 숙종 (肅宗, T) | |||
20 | Yi Yun | 이윤 (李昀) | 1720–1724 | Hwiseo (C) | 휘서 (輝瑞, C) | Gyeongjong (T) | 경종 (景宗, T) | |||
21 | Yi Geum | 이금 (李昑) | 1724–1776 | Gwangsuk (C) Yangseongheon (Ps) |
광숙 (光叔, C) 양성헌 (養性軒, Ps) |
Yeongjo (T) | 영조 (英祖, T) | |||
22 | Yi San | 이산 (李祘) | 1776–1800 | Hyeongun (C) Hongjae (Ps) |
형운 (亨運, C) 홍재 (弘齋, Ps) |
Jeongjo (T) | 정조 (正祖, T) | |||
23 | Yi Gong | 이공 (李玜) | 1800–1834 | Gongbo (C) Sunjae (Ps) |
공보(公寶, C) 순재 (純齋, Ps) |
Sunjo (T) | 순조 (純祖, T) | |||
24 | Yi Hwan | 이환 (李烉) | 1834–1849 | Muneung (C) Wonheon (Ps) |
문응 (文應, C) 원헌 (元軒, Ps) |
Heonjong (T) | 헌종 (憲宗, T) | |||
25 | Yi Byeon | 이변 (李昪) | 1849–1863 | Doseung (C) Daeyongjae (Ps) |
도승 (道升, C) 대용재 (大勇齋, Ps) |
Cheoljong (T) | 철종 (哲宗, T) | |||
26 | Yi Myeong-bok Yi Hui |
이명복 (李命福) 이희 (李㷩) |
1863–1897 (1897–1907) * |
Seongrim (C) Juyeon (Ps) |
성림 (聖臨, C) 주연 (珠淵, Ps) |
Gojong (T) * Maharaja Tae (P) * |
고종 (高宗, T) * 태황제 (太皇帝, P) * |
Gaeguk Geonyang Gwangmu * |
개국 (開國) 건양 (建陽) 광무 (光武) * |
* lihat bahagian Empayar Korea
Pada tahun 1897, Dinasti Joseon menjadi Empayar Korea, yang berlangsung hingga tahun 1910. Secara teknikal, maharaja harus dirujuk oleh nama-nama era mereka berbanding nama kuil mereka, tetapi nama kuil lebih biasa digunakan.
# | Potret | Nama peribadi | Tempoh pemerintahan | Nama hormat (C) /
Nama samaran (Ps) |
Nama kuil (廟號) (T) /
Nama anumerta (諡號) (P) |
Nama era (年號) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rumi | Hangul/Hanja | Rumi | Hangul/Hanja | Rumi | Hangul/Hanja | Rumi | Hangul/Hanja | |||
1 | Yi Myeong bok Yi Hui |
이명복 (李命福) 이희 (李㷩) |
1897–1907 | Seongrim (C) Juyeon (Ps) |
성림 (聖臨, C) 주연 (珠淵, Ps) |
Gojong (T) Maharaja Tae (P) |
고종 (高宗, T) 태황제 (太皇帝, P) |
Gwangmu | 광무 (光武) | |
2 | Yi Cheok | 이척 (李坧) | 1907–1910 | Gundang (C) Jeongheon (Ps) |
군방 (君邦, C) 정헌 (正軒, Ps) |
Sunjong (T) Maharaja Hyo (P) |
순종 (純宗, T) 효황제 (孝皇帝, P) |
Yunghui | 융희 (隆熙) |
Pasca Empayar Korea
suntingPada tahun 1919, Kerajaan Sementara Korea menggubal Piagam Sementara, memberi keutamaan kepada keluarga maharaja. Keluarga Imperial diturunkan daripada Maharaja ke Raja-Yi oleh Jepun.[11] Perjanjian Hubungan Asas antara Jepun dan Republik Korea pada tahun 1965 menaikkan gelaran itu kembali kepada Maharaja.
# | Nama peribadi | Tempoh pemerintahan | |
---|---|---|---|
Rumi | Hangul/Hanja | ||
1 | Raja Yi Sunjong | 순종 (純宗) | 1910-1926 |
2 | Raja Yi Un | 이은 (李垠) | 1926–1970 |
3 | Maharaja Yi Gu | 이구 (李玖) | 1970–2005 |
4 | Maharaja Yi Seok | 이석 (李錫) | 2005–kini |
Lihat juga
sunting- Kerabat Yi
- Ketua kerajaan Korea (1895–1910)
- Residen Jeneral Korea, Senarai Residen Jeneral Jepun di Korea (1905–1910)
- Gabenor Jeneral Korea, Gabenor Jeneral-Jeneral Jepun di Korea (1910–1945)
- Pemerintahan Sementara Republik Korea, Senarai presiden (1919–1948)
- Korea Utara (1948-sekarang), Senarai pemimpin Korea Utara / Senarai ketua negara Korea Utara
- Korea Selatan (1948-sekarang), Senarai Presiden Korea Selatan
Catatan
sunting- ^ Hyung Il Pai (2000). Constructing "Korean" Origins: A Critical Review of Archaeology, Historiography, and Racial Myth in Korean State-formation Theories. Harvard University Asia Center. m/s. 89–92. ISBN 978-0-674-00244-9.
- ^ *Seth, Michael J. (2010). A History of Korea: From Antiquity to the Present. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. m/s. 443. ISBN 978-0-7425-6717-7.
- "An extreme manifestation of nationalism and the family cult was the revival of interest in Tangun, the mythical founder of the first Korean state... Most textbooks and professional historians, however, treat him as a myth."
- Stark, Miriam T. (2008). Archaeology of Asia. John Wiley & Sons. m/s. 49. ISBN 978-1-4051-5303-4.
- "Although Kija may have truly existed as a historical figure, Tangun is more problematical."
- Schmid, Andre (2013). Korea Between Empires. Columbia University Press. m/s. 270. ISBN 978-0-231-50630-4.
- "Most [Korean historians] treat the [Tangun] myth as a later creation."
- Peterson, Mark (2009). Brief History of Korea. Infobase Publishing. m/s. 5. ISBN 978-1-4381-2738-5.
- "The Tangun myth became more popular with groups that wanted Korea to be independent; the Kija myth was more useful to those who wanted to show that Korea had a strong affinity to China."
- Hulbert, H. B. (2014). The History of Korea. Routledge. m/s. 73. ISBN 978-1-317-84941-4.
- "If a choice is to be made between them, one is faced with the fact that the Tangun, with his supernatural origin, is more clearly a mythological figure than Kija."
- ^ Raja-raja Goguryeo mempunyai nama keluarga Go, kecuali untuk Yuri kedua melalui Mobon kelima, yang nama keluarga direkodkan sebagai Hae. Semua raja direkodkan menjadi keturunan darah yang patrilineal yang sama. Tidak jelas sama ada kedua-dua nama keluarga itu adalah transkripsi yang berbeza untuk nama yang sama, atau bukti adanya perebutan kuasa.
- ^ Samguk Sagi dan Samguk Yusa, dan kadangkala rekod lain menyebut "nama lain," "nama lahir," "nama zaman kanak-kanak," atau "nama peribadi."
- ^ Nama-nama raja umumnya dari kuburan raja, dan tidak semestinya sesuai dengan konsep Cina 諡號.
- ^ a b Garis nama dan tarikh Jolbon adalah dari Samguk Sagi. Wei shu, Sejarah dinasti Wei memberikan nama berikut: 朱蒙 Jumong, 閭達 Yeodal, 始閭諧 Shiryeohae, 如栗 Yeoyul, dan 莫來 Mangnae. Garis legenda telah dibentuk dengan beberapa varian pada awal abad ke-5 ketika raja Jangsu membina monumen untuk bapanya dan Goguryeo membuat hubungan dengan Wei Utara. Prasasti monumen itu memberikan nama-nama ini: 鄒牟 Chumo, 儒留 Yuryu, dan 大朱留 Daejuryu. Hubungan antara nama-nama itu tidak jelas.
- ^ http://kdaq.empas.com/koreandb/history/koreanking/html/person/koguryeo_king.html (The Academy of Korean Studies) Diarkibkan Julai 8, 2006, di Wayback Machine
- ^ http://enc.daum.net/dic100//topView.do (Korea Britannica Corp.)
- ^ 고구려 (dalam bahasa Korean). Doosan Encyclopedia. Dicapai pada 2013-10-07.CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
- ^ Il-yeon: Samguk Yusa: Legends and History of the Three Kingdoms of Ancient Korea, translated by Tae-Hung Ha and Grafton K. Mintz. Epilogue, page 354. Silk Pagoda (2006). ISBN 1-59654-348-5 - note: the dates for Geojilmi's reign go there until 344
- ^ https://terms.naver.com/entry.nhn?docId=559332&cid=46623&categoryId=46623
Rujukan
sunting- Byeon Tae-seop (변태섭) (1999). 韓國史通論 (Hanguksa tongnon) (Outline of Korean history), 4th ed. ISBN 978-89-445-9101-3.
- Cumings, Bruce (1997). Korea's place in the sun. New York: W.W. Norton. ISBN 978-0-393-31681-0.
- Kim, Jung Bae (1997). "Formation of the ethnic Korean nation and the emergence of its ancient kingdom states". Korean history: Discovery of its characteristics and developments. Seoul: Hollym. m/s. 27–36. ISBN 978-1-56591-177-2.
- Nahm, Andrew C. (1988). Korea: Tradition and Transformation — A History of the Korean People. Hollym International. ISBN 978-0-930878-56-6.
- https://web.archive.org/web/20031006023320/http://www.rootsinfo.co.kr/index_sub02.html (in Korean only)
- http://www.rulers.org